铁催化硼烷氢转移还原芳香硝基化合物

发展了一种以硫酸铁为催化剂，硼烷四氢呋喃为氢源，在温和条件下实现了铁催化硼烷氢转移高效还原芳香硝基化合物的方法，合成了17个芳香胺衍生物，产率68%～90%，其结构经¹H NMR和¹³C NMR确证。     

利用碳碳叁键断裂重组反应合成2,4,4-三氯萘-1(4H)-酮衍生物

以炔烃-联烯酮为原料,水作为亲核试剂,通过N-氯代丁二酰亚胺(NCS)介导的[2+2]环加成和碳碳叁键断裂重组反应合成了18个2,4,4-三氯萘-1(4H)-酮衍生物,产率为55%～88%.所得产物的结构经NMR和IR以及HRMS等表征,其中目标产物2e的结构经X单晶分析确认.该反应条件温和、操作简单、无需金属催化剂且产率良好,为合成官能化的1-萘酮衍生物提供了一种新的高效的合成策略.     

O_2参与下FeCl_2催化的分子内氧化反应构建异噁唑杂环

发展了一种廉价金属盐FeCl_2催化氧气氧化下,高效、环保且简洁合成多取异噁唑衍生物的新方法.通过对金属盐来源和碱等反应条件的优化,确立了最佳的反应条件.在此反应条件下合成了19个新型多取代3,5-二芳基异噁唑衍生物,并成功培养了一个单晶,产率在80%～90%之间.经过~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR、元素分析及X单晶衍射确证了所得目标化合物的结构.     

纯水相中微波辐射下铜催化异噻唑啉酮的合成

建立了一种简单实用、经济高效的以取代2-碘苯甲酸、芳胺和无机硫源硫化钾为原料,以廉价氯化铜为催化剂,纯水作为溶剂,100℃条件下串联合成苯并异噻唑啉酮衍生物的微波催化体系,一系列苯并异噻唑啉酮衍生物被较好地合成出来,最高产率达85%。产物结构经~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR及MS得到确证。该方法具有产率高、操作简单、环境友好等优点。     

手性1,3,4-噁二唑硫醚衍生物的合成

以5-取代-2-巯基-1,3,4-噁二唑为亲核试剂,与手性5-烷氧基-3,4-二溴-2(5H)-呋喃酮发生Michael反应,合成了6种新的手性1,3,4-噁二唑硫醚衍生物(产率55%～67%),其结构经1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR和HR-MS确证.     

8,10-二氢-7H-4b,8,10-三氮杂苯薁衍生物的合成

苯并咪唑类化合物具有广泛的生物活性,其合成和应用研究一直十分活跃.以2-氨甲基苯并眯唑二盐酸盐与α,β-不饱和酮在三乙胺存在下,以正丁醇为溶剂反应,合成了4种8,10-氢-7H-4b,8,10-三氮杂苯并奠类衍生物,产率61%～67%.反应产物结构通过NMR、MS、元素分析和IR表征.     

新型金鸡纳生物碱季铵盐类手性相转移催化剂的合成及其催化活性

通过在金鸡纳衍生物的9-OH上引入苄基,合成了四种新型的手性相转移催化剂--金鸡纳生物碱季铵盐(1a～1d),其结构经1H NMR和IR表征.以N-二苯亚甲基甘氨酸叔丁酯为底物考察了1的催化活性和对映选择性,最高产率69%,最佳立体选择性90%ee.     

靛红衍生物的合成

以取代苯胺或者靛红为原料,通过四条不同的路线合成了一系列苯环上卤代和N-取代的靛红衍生物,最高产率达83%.其结构经NMR确认.     

微波促进无溶剂合成查尔酮衍生物

在微波辐射无溶剂条件下,用固体KF-Al2O3催化苯乙酮与芳香醛进行羟醛缩合反应,合成了8个查尔酮衍生物,产率90%～98%,其结构经1H NMR,IR和MS表征.     

含三唑结构的新型稠合三环2(5H)-呋喃酮衍生物的合成

利用系列含烯二炔结构的2(5H)-呋喃酮衍生物与叠氮化钠发生串联的成环反应, 在优化的反应条件下, 即反应溶剂为DMF、反应时间48 h、反应温度30 ℃时、NaN₃为1.5 equiv., 以中等产率(42%～62%)合成了系列新型的稠合三环2(5H)-呋喃酮衍生物, 其可以进一步高产率地(94%～96%)衍生为吡啶稠合的2(5H)-呋喃酮化合物. 所有新化合物的结构用IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, MS, 元素分析等方法进行了表征. 该串联反应合成途径简捷、反应条件温和, 无需添加催化剂, 可为具有含三唑结构的稠杂环化合物合成提供简便的途径.     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

Effect of the Method of Modification of Zeolite X on Selectivity of Catalytic Methylation of Toluene

Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry - The effect of the method of modification of catalysts based on zeolite X by cesium and magnesium cations (ion exchange and impregnation) on the selectivity...