石墨烯/铁氰化钴复合膜修饰玻碳电极同时测定对苯二酚、邻苯二酚和间苯二酚

采用滴涂法和电沉积法制备了石墨烯/铁氰化钴复合膜修饰玻碳电极. 用扫描电镜对该纳米复合膜进行了表征.用循环伏安法研究了对苯二酚(HQ)、邻苯二酚(CT)和间苯二酚(RS)在修饰电极上的电化学行为. 实验结果表明, 相对于裸玻碳电极和石墨烯修饰电极, HQ, CT 和RS 在石墨烯/铁氰化钴修饰电极上的氧化峰电流显著提高. 利用差分脉冲伏安法测定, HQ, CT 和RS 分别在1.0×10^－6～1.5×10^－4 mol/L, 1.0×10^－6～2.0×10^－4 mol/L 和3.5×10^－6～2.5×10^－4 mol/L浓度范围内与氧化峰电流呈良好的线性关系, 相关系数分别为0.991, 0.993 和0.992. 信噪比为3 时, HQ, CT 和RS 检出限分别为2.0×10^－7, 2.1×10^－7 和3.5×10^－7 mol/L. 将该方法用于水样分析, 回收率为95.6%～106.1%.     

流动注射后化学发光法测定异烟肼

本文发现了异烟肼在铁氰化钾-钙黄绿素化学发光反应体系中的后化学发光反应。优化了反应条件,建立了一种利用后化学发光反应测定异烟肼的流动注射化学发光分析法。方法的检出限为6×10-8g/mL, 相对标准偏差为1.8% (2.0×10-6 g/mL 异烟肼,n=11）,线性范围为2.0×10-7~1.0×10-5 g/mL。此法已用于异烟肼片剂中异烟肼含量的测定,结果与药典方法测定值一致。     

皂土修饰碳糊电极的电化学发光特性研究及其分析应用

基于皂土修饰碳糊电极对鲁米诺背景电化学发光信号的降低作用和对异烟肼的富集分离作用,建立了一种灵敏度高、选择性好的测定异烟肼的电化学发光新方法.在最佳的实验条件下,相对电化学发光强度与异烟肼的浓度在5.0×10^-9～8.0×10^-7mol/L范围内呈线性关系,方法的检出限为1.8×10^-9mol/L,相关系数为0.9984.     

高碘酸钾-鲁米诺后化学发光反应的研究——流动注射-后化学发光法测定异烟肼

实验发现了异烟肼在高碘酸钾-鲁米诺化学发光反应体系中的后化学发光反应。在对这一后化学发光反应的动力学性质、化学发光光谱、荧光光谱、紫外可见吸收光谱以及一些相关问题研究的基础上,讨论了其可能的反应机理;建立了利用此后化学发光反应测定异烟肼的流动注射化学发光新方法。方法的线性范围为1.0×10-9~4.0×10-7g/mL,检出限为6×10-10g/mL,对5.0×10-8g/mL的异烟肼进行11次平行测定的相对标准偏差为1.7%。此法已用于异烟肼片剂中异烟肼含量的测定,结果与药典法测定值一致。     

利用H2O2-KI-鲁米诺体系化学发光法测定痕量钼

钼(Ⅵ)可以催化H₂O₂氧化I^-的反应,生成的I₂在碱性水溶液中能氧化鲁米诺而产生化学发光^[1],本文将这两个反应结合起来,建立了铝的化学发光分析法,方法有较高的灵敏度,检出限为6×10^-10g/cm³Mo,测定的相对标准偏差小于6%,工作曲线的线性范围是1×10^-9～1×10^-7g/cm³Mo,用EDTA作掩蔽剂,排除了大多数金属离子的干扰,方法有较好的选择性,应用此法对一些粮食样品中的痕量钼进行了测定,结果比较满意。     

碘化10-乙羧基吖啶-9-羧酸苯酯的电致化学发光行为研究

研究了碘化10-乙羧基吖啶-9-羧酸苯酯(CACPEI)的电致化学发光行为.结果表明,在KNO₃介质中,于Pt电极上施加正矩形脉冲电压时,10-乙羧基吖啶-9-羧酸苯酯产生很强的电致化学发光(ECL)信号,信号强弱受电化学参数和发光反应条件的影响,探讨了可能的发光机理.在最佳条件下发光信号与CACPEI的浓度在5.0×10^-10～1.2×10^-7g/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系.检出限可达2.4×10^-10g/mL.     

一种新的流动注射电化学发光分析方法及硫离子的分析测定研究

设计了一种用于流通体系的电解池,并以恒电流电解法与流动注射技术相结合,在线定量电解产生不稳定试剂次溴酸根,使其浓度和反应活性得以在线控制,稳定地应用于化学发光分析.在此基础上,研究了BrO^-在pH=9.60Na₂CO₃-NaHCO₃缓冲介质中氧化鲁米诺弱化学发光反应的分析特性,并基于硫离子对该弱化学发光反应体系的发光强度的增敏作用,建立了一种新的测定S^2-的流动注射电化学发光分析法.采用该方法测定S^2-的线性范围为3.10×10^-7～9.30×10^-5mol/L,检出限为1.00×10^-7mol/L,相对标准偏差为2%[n=11,c(S^2-)=3.10×10^-6mol/L]     

曙红-NaClO-溴化十六烷基三甲铵-H2O2-Ti(Ⅳ)化学发光新体系的研究及应用

近年来,化学发光在分析上的应用越来越广泛,但用于测定Ti(Ⅳ)体系尚不多见^[1],我们发现,在碱性条件下,用ClO^--H₂O₂可氧化曙红而发光,同时发现CTMAB阳离子表面活性物质对该化学发光体系有强烈的敏化作用,Ti(Ⅳ)对该发光体系有催化作用,且可增强发光强度,被增强的发光强度与Ti(Ⅳ)浓度有良好的线性关系.据此可进行痕量Ti(Ⅳ)的测定,并拟定了新的流动注射化学发光测定钛的方法.该法用于合成水样、铝合金试样分析获得满意的效果,检测限达2.1×10^-9g/mL,线性范围为4×10^-9～8×10^-7g/mLTi(Ⅳ),测试的精密度良好,回收率为92.2%～107%,对含10×10^-9g/mLTi(Ⅳ)连续测11次,其RSD为1.5%,分析结果与标样推荐值颇为一致.     

同步-偏振-导数荧光法同时测定三种苯二酚异构体的研究

苯二酚的三种异构体, 由于其吸收光谱和荧光光谱均重叠严重, 不能用常规分光光度法和荧光法进行同时测定. 而以λ＝0 nm进行同步扫描时, 在350～500 nm之间具有相似的荧光光谱特征, 其荧光强度有良好的加和性, 可以对三者进行总量测定. 研究还发现三种苯二酚异构体与Cu^2＋和异烟肼形成1∶1∶2的配位合物时, 用Δλ＝30 nm进行同步扫描并采用偏振和一阶导数法, 间苯二酚的导数荧光峰位于260 nm处, 对苯二酚的导数荧光峰位于320 nm处, 两者能很好分开, 而此时邻苯二酚荧光峰消失, 因此可在三者的混合物中分别测定间、对苯二酚, 然后再从总量中减去间、对苯二酚的含量, 从而测到邻苯二酚的浓度, 因此本工作通过上述方法可对三种苯二酚异构体进行同时测定. 其线性范围均在3×10^－6～5×10^－4 mol/L之内, 间苯二酚和对苯二酚的检出限分别是2.5×10^－7 mol/L和3.1×10^－7 mol/L; 其混和物总量的检出限是4.5×10^－7 mol/L, RSD均在5%以下. 该方法简便快速, 有良好的准确性和重复性, 用于环境水样中三种苯二酚的同时测定, 获得满意结果.     

毛细管电泳-化学发光法测定人血清中的异烟肼

基于碱性介质中异烟肼对laminol-K3Fe(CN)6化学发光体系的增敏作用,设计了一个经毛细管电泳(CE)分离,在线化学发光检测异烟肼的新方法.研究并优化了毛细管电泳分离及化学发光检测的条件.在优化的实验条件下,该方法测定异烟肼的线性范围为4.0×10-7～1.0×10-5g/mL(R2=0.9984),检出限(3σ)为1×10-8g/mL,对6.0×10-6g/mL的异烟肼进行6次平行测定,其相对标准偏差为4.0%.方法已用于血清中异烟肼的测定.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.