有机染料敏化剂分子设计新进展

综述了应用于染料敏化太阳能电池的多吡啶钌配合物、胺类染料、卟啉和酞菁类染料分子设计方面影响其光电转化效率的因素研究及新进展.     

染料敏化太阳能电池用敏化剂

染料敏化太阳能电池是太阳能电池的重要发展方向之一,染料敏化剂是影响电池光电转换效率的重要组分,也一直是太阳能电池材料的研究热点.经过20多年的研究,现已开发的光敏染料主要有金属配合物染料和纯有机染料两大类.本文依据染料结构特征,将金属配合物染料分为钌的多吡啶配合物、其它金属(如Os、Pt)的多吡啶配合物、卟啉及酞菁类配...     

卟啉/酞菁配合物修饰钙钛矿太阳能电池研究

为解决资源短缺和环境污染问题,太阳能电池应用研究引起了广泛的科学关注。在过去的十年间,钙钛矿太阳能电池作为一种新型的电池技术得到了快速发展,逐渐成为目前商业化硅基太阳能电池最有力的竞争对手之一。然而,钙钛矿薄膜在低温溶液制备过程中不可避免地形成缺陷,这些缺陷是严重制约钙钛矿太阳能电池光电转化效率与长期运行稳定性得到进一步提高的主要因素。利用功能化有机分子钝化钙钛矿薄膜表面及晶界处缺陷是提升电池性能及稳定性的有效手段。卟啉/酞菁金属配合物具有良好的稳定性和优异的光电特性,利用卟啉/酞菁金属配合物修饰钙钛矿薄膜是提高钙钛矿太阳能电池性能和稳定性的有效方法之一。本文综述了卟啉/酞菁金属配合物界面调控实现高效稳定钙钛矿太阳能电池组装的研究进展,并对其存在的问题及今后可能的发展方向进行了总结与展望。     

新型席夫碱锌配合物的合成及其在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用

摘要合成了新型席夫碱配体及其锌配合物, 并利用核磁共振氢谱、 紫外 可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱等方法对配体及其配合物进行了表征. 将席夫碱及其锌的配合物作为光敏剂应用在染料敏化纳米薄膜太阳能电池中, 配合物染料比席夫碱配体的光电转化效果更好, 能量转化效率为1.45%(AM 1.5, 100 mW·cm^-2).     

钌配合物基太阳能电池光敏剂分子设计的最新研究进展

基于钌配合物染料的敏化太阳能电池与传统的硅半导体太阳能电池相比,具有较低的成本和较高的光电转换效率(8%～11%)。本文重点从钌配合物染料分子中固定配体的选择、辅助配体中引进具有空穴传输功能的三苯胺(或咔唑)基团以及配合物摩尔消光系数的提高3方面介绍近年钌配合物染料分子设计的研究进展。     

染料敏化太阳能电池中meso-D-π-A卟啉分子设计的最新研究进展

与已经商业化的硅太阳能电池相比,染料敏化太阳能电池(Dye-sensitized solar cells, DSC)因制备工艺简单、成本低和较高的光电转换效率而成为研究的热点。本文从设计D-π-A卟啉染料的思路出发,阐述了DSC中meso-卟啉染料的给体、取代基、π桥及受体对其性能的影响。     

卟啉类光敏剂在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用

染料是染料敏化太阳能电池的核心之一,它的性质直接影响着电池的光电转换效率.多吡啶钌类配合物是目前最有效的染料,但存在合成困难、需要贵金属钌且对环境有一定的污染等缺点,因此近年来纯有机及含廉价金属染料的研究逐渐受到重视.卟啉类染料具有易合成、易修饰及在可见光区有强吸收等特性,这些特性使它在非钌染料的研究中受到青睐.本文从...     

染料敏化太阳能电池中meso-D-π-A卟啉分子设计的研究进展

与已经商业化的硅太阳能电池相比,染料敏化太阳能电池(Dye-sensitized solar cells,DSSC)因制备工艺简单、成本低和较高的光电转换效率而成为研究的热点。本文从设计D-π-A卟啉染料的思路出发,阐述了DSSC中meso-卟啉染料的给体、取代基、π桥及受体对其性能的影响。     

卟啉化合物在有机染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用研究

卟啉化合物具有共轭的平面结构、良好的电子缓冲性和光电磁性,特别在可见光区和近红外区域具有优越的光捕获特性。近年来,卟啉类化合物以其优异的特性在有机太阳能电池领域,尤其是染料敏化太阳能电池中得到了广泛的应用研究。人们通过对卟啉分子进行改性来提高相应的太阳能电池效率,比如增加分子的共轭度、在分子上引入长烷基链、引入功能化小...     

卟啉敏化太阳能电池研究进展

由于自然界中光合作用的核心结构是卟啉,其具有良好的光、热和化学稳定性,在过去的二十年中卟啉染料敏化太阳能电池研究获得了极大的关注,2014年卟啉染料光电转换效率突破了13%,成为新的基准效率.以光电性能为主线,从分子工程设计的角度出发,系统性地总结了应用于敏化太阳能电池的不同结构卟啉染料性能的研究进展.     

Design and characterization of alkoxy-wrapped push-pull porphyrins for dye-sensitized solar cells

Three alkoxy-wrapped push-pull porphyrins were designed and synthesized for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) applications. Spectral, electrochemical, photovoltaic and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy properties of these porphyrin sensitizers were well investigated to provide evidence for the molecular design.     

Effect of Different π-Conjugated Dyes Containing 4,5-Diazafluorenone-9- Hydrazone on The Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

In this study, two ligands and their ruthenium complexes are synthesized and their photovoltaic properties for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) of new substances substituted by 4,5-diazafluorenone-9-hydrazone groups is investigated. The structures of the compounds are determined by FTIR, UV-Vis, HNMR, CNMR, and MS spectroscopic techniques. The photovoltaic and electrochemical properties of these compounds are investigated and the applicability in DSSCs as photo sensitizers is studied. Photovoltaic cell efficiencies (PCEs) of the devices are in the range 0.08-1.54% under simulated AM 1.5 solar irradiation of 100 mW/cm², and the highest open-circuit voltage (V_oc) reaches 0.43 V. When the photovoltaic performance of the DSSC devices is compared, it indicates that PCEs assume the following: P1–Ru > > P2–Ru > P1 > P2. The PCE value of 1.54% is obtained with DSSC based on P1–Ru under AM irradiation (100 mW/cm²). DSSC based on the P1–Ru produced efficiency of 1.54% whereas DSSC-based P1 exhibits the device performance with an efficiency of 0.08% under illumination. These results suggest that a larger π-conjugated bridge and a richer electron donor of P1–Ru are beneficial for the photovoltaic performance of DSSC.     

一种高效染料敏化太阳电池电解质添加剂

报道了一种新型染料敏化太阳电池电解质添加剂——N-十六烷基吡啶碘(N-CPI).往电解质中添加0.02MN-CPI,能同时提高染料敏化太阳电池(DSSC)的短路电流和开路电压,光电转换效率也由4.429%提高到6.535%,增幅高达47.55%,由此可见,N-CPI是一种高效电解质添加剂.N-CPI这种功能来源于其双极性基团的特殊分子结构,这种结构使N-CPI在电解质中如表面活性剂那样形成有序分布,影响I-/I3-的扩散和氧化还原性能,进而影响DSSC的光电性能.     

Hybrid Silver Nanowire/Titanium Oxides Nanocomposites as Anode for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cell Application

In this study, we investigated the effect of adding metallic nanowires in the anode of dye‐sensitized solar cell (DSSC) to improve the photovoltaic efficiency. Photo‐excited electrons can be efficiently transferred to the electrode through the network of the dispersed metallic nanowires added in the anode. We compared the photovoltaic performance with the anodes of standard P‐25, the silver nanowire/P‐25, and the TiO₂ coated silver nanowire/P‐25 DSSC. The DSSC with TiO₂ coated silver nanowires shows significantly improved (about 1.5 and 2.0 times) photovoltaic efficiency and structural durability compared with that of the standard P‐25 and the silver nanowires without coating DSSC. The TiO₂ coated silver nanowire can resist the redox chemical corrosions by iodide ions since they are protected from contact with electrolytes during the photovoltaic reaction by the coated thin TiO₂ layer. The presence of the metal network (silver nanowires) improves the production and transportation of light generated current so as to the photovoltaic efficiency.     

基于TiO2纳米管阵列的高效正面透光型染料敏化太阳能电池的制备及其光电性能

报道了一种基于TiO2纳米管(TNT)阵列正面透光型光阳极的高效染料敏化太阳能电池.将TNTs在450°C烧结后能避免其有序结构在HF处理过程中被破坏,使膜内高速电子传输通道被保留,有利于染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSC)实现高速电荷传输.再用HF、TiCl4、HF和TiCl4混合等溶剂对TNTs进行处理,提高其表面粗糙度以吸附更多染料.染料吸附量的增加能提高光阳极在300-570 nm波段光子捕获效率,该波段是染料吸收光子的主要区域.然而,在染料吸收光子较弱的长波段区域(570-800 nm)光子捕获效率的增加主要源于光阳极光散射率的提高.光阳极光子捕获效率的提高使DSSC的内外量子效率在全波段(300-800 nm)均有所增加,从而使短路电流明显提高.从电化学阻抗数据可知,与电子传输性能密切相关的电化学参数如电荷传输电阻、界面电荷复合电阻、电容、电子寿命、电子扩散长度和电子收集效率等在含处理过的TNTs光阳极DSSC中均有所改善,从而提高电池光电转换效率.含HF和TiCl4混合溶剂处理TNTs光阳极的DSSC最高光电转换效率能达到7.30%,比未处理的DSSC(5.38%)提高35.69%.     

Effect of organic dye on the performance of dye-sensitized solar cell utilizing TiO2 nanostructure films synthesized via CTAB-assisted liquid phase deposition technique

This work is concerned with the growth of TiO₂ nanostructures as photovoltaic materials of dyesensitized solar cell (DSSC) via phase liquid deposition technique treated with CTAB surfactant. This work investigates the influence of organic dyes, N719, N3 and Z907 as photosensitizer on the photovoltaic parameters of TiO₂ nanostructures dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). It also highlights the effect of the concentration of the best dye, N719 on the performance of the cell. The platinum films as counter electrode of the DSSC were prepared by sputtering platinum pellet on ITO substrate. The redox couple of the electrolyte utilized in the DSSC was iodide/triiodide. The cell sensitized with N719 dye demonstrated the best performance compared with the cell sensitized with another two dyes, N3 and Z907. This is due to N719 dye possess the highest optical absorption in visible region. The cell sensitized with 0.8 mM N719 dye performs the highest short-circuit current density, J _sc and power conversion efficiency, η since it posses the highest absorption in visible region. The DSSC utilizing 0.8 mM N719 dye demonstrated the highest J _sc and η of 6.48 mA cm^?2 and 1.69%, respectively.     

染料敏化太阳能电池中空微/纳结构光阳极材料研究进展

染料敏化太阳能电池(Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells,DSSC)以其低成本、易加工、高转化等特点受到广泛关注,半导体光阳极是DSSC的重要组成部分,其组成和微观结构直接影响电池性能,中空微/纳结构能够提供高表面积、增加染料负载量、促进光捕获,增强电子传输,因而成为近年来光阳极材料领域的一个热点内容。 本文综述了中空微/纳结构光阳极材料的研究进展,主要包括空心球、空心盒、核-壳结构、多级空心、多壳层结构等,并着重分析了各个结构特征与光电转换效率的关系和增益机制,探讨了中空微/纳结构光阳极面临的挑战及发展趋势。     

Ru complexes of thienyl-functionalized dipyrrins as NCS-free sensitizers for the dye-sensitized solar cell

We report the first case of Ru(ii) dipyrrinates employed as dyes in dye-sensitized solar cells. These complexes exhibit panchromatic light harvesting that results in significant DSSC current densities, rendering them promising for photovoltaic applications. Adjustment of the lowest excited state energy is required to boost the power conversion efficiency.     

Peripherally and Axially Carboxylic Acid Substituted Subphthalocyanines for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

A series of subphthalocyanines (SubPcs) bearing a carboxylic acid group either at the peripheral or axial position have been designed and synthesized to investigate the influence of the COOH group positions on the dye‐sensitized solar cell (DSSC) performance. The DSSC devices based on SubPcs with axially substituted carboxylic acid groups showed low photovoltaic performance, whereas peripherally substituted one exhibited higher power conversion efficiency owing to improved injection from LUMO of SubPcs to the TiO₂ conduction band.     

Synthesis and characterization of organic dyes containing 4,5-diazafluorene as efficient sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells

Two dyes which are 4,5-diazafluoren-9-one-derived diimine ligands and their corresponding Ru(II) bipyridine complexes were synthesized. The structures of all compounds were determined by FTIR, UV–Vis, ¹H-NMR, ¹C-NMR, and MS spectroscopic data. The photovoltaic and electrochemical properties of these compounds were investigated and the applicability in DSSCs as photosensitizers was studied. The photovoltaic cell efficiencies (PCE) of the devices were 0.36–1.26% under simulated AM 1.5 solar irradiation of 100 mW/cm², and the highest open-circuit voltage (V_oc) reached 0.34 V. When comparing the photovoltaic performance of DSSC devices, efficiency increases L2 < L2-Ru < L1 < L1-Ru. The PCE value of 1.26% was obtained with a DSSC based on L1-Ru under AM irradiation (100 mW/cm²). DSSC based on L1-Ru produced efficiency of 1.26%, whereas DSSC-based L1 exhibited the device performance with efficiency of 0.84% under illumination. These results show that the availability of a π-conjugated bridge and a richer electron donor for photovoltaic performance of the DSSC provides increased efficiency.