精神分裂症患者头发5种元素含量变化及临床意义

采用原子吸收光谱法测定了９６例精神分裂症患者和１０１名正常对照组的头发Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ元素含量。结果发现，精神分裂症患者头发ｎ和Ｍｇ元素含量明显低于对照组，而Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ和Ｃａ元素含量明显高于对照组。提示精神分裂症的发病，可能与Ｚｎ和Ｍｇ元素含量降低，Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ和Ｃａ元素含量升高有关。     

乙肝患者头发微量元素分析

应用装有ＥＰＭ－８１０Ｑ电子探针扫描分析电镜，对５０例乙肝患者头发中Ｍｇ、Ａｌ、Ｃｄ、Ｃａ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｐｂ、Ｓｅ１１种元素含量进行分析，并与健康人头发进行比较。结果表明：乙肝组中Ｚｎ含量低于健康组，Ｃｕ、Ｃｄ、Ｆｅ含量高于健康组（Ｐ〈０．０１）。     

分裂样精神病和情感性精神障碍患者血清5种元素含量变化的研究

采用原子吸收法测定了分裂样精神病和情感性精神障碍患者血清Ｚｎ，Ｃｕ，Ｆｅ，Ｃａ和Ｍｇ含量。结果表明，分裂样精神病和情感性精神障碍患者血清Ｚｎ和Ｍｇ含量及Ｚｎ／Ｃｕ比值明显低于对照组，而Ｃｕ，Ｆｅ和Ｃａ含量及Ｃａ／Ｍｇ比值明显高于对照组。提示以上５种元素的含量变化与分裂样精神病和情感性精神障碍的发生有关。     

健康老年人与若干常量及微量元素的相关性研究

用原子吸收光谱法测定了７０例健康老年人、３０例健康成年人和３０例老年高血压病人血清中Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ６种元素的含量．结果表明，健康老年人组与健康成年人组（对照组）相比，除Ｆｅ以外，Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｍｎ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ均有显著性差异；与老年高血压病人组相比，除Ｍｇ以外，Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｃａ均有显著性差异．我们认为稳定的Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ比值及较高的血Ｍｇ水平是健康老年人未发生心血管疾病及糖尿病的重要原因之一，而高Ｃｕ、高Ｃａ及显著偏高的Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ比值，则是发生高血压的一个重要原因。     

菊花微量及宏量元素分析

用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ法测定了药用野菊花和抗白菊及６种人工栽培菊花中Ａｓ，Ｂ、Ｂａ、Ｃａ、Ｃｄ、Ｃｏ、Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｇ、Ｍｎ、Ｍｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｐｂ、Ｓｅ、Ｓｉ、Ｖ、Ｚｎ、Ｐ、Ｓ、Ｋ等元素的含量。结果表明：（１）菊花中Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｐ、Ｓ、Ｋ含量很高，Ｂ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｚｎ也有较高的含量；（２）野菊花中Ｂ、Ｃａ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｇ含量较其他品种高、，抗白菊中Ｍｎ、Ｓｅ、Ｓ含量高地其他品种；（３）代栽培的菊花Ｋ、Ｐ含量高于     

活动性肺结核患者头发微量元素分析

通过ＥＰＭ－８１０Ｑ电子探针扫描分析电镜，对在治疗中５３例结核患者头发Ｍｇ、Ａｌ、Ｃｄ、Ｃａ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｐｂ、Ｓｅ１１种元素含量进行分析，并与健康人头发比较。结果表明：结核组中Ｃａ、Ｚｎ元素含量低于健康组，Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ元素含量高于健康组（Ｐ〈０．０１）。     

脱发白发与微量元素关系研究

利用火焰原子吸收法测定了中国银行韶关节市分行４５８名职工头发中Ｃｕ，Ｆｅ，Ｚｎ，Ｃａ含量，运用统计学方法求出该人群中正常者与白发，脱发者Ｃｕ，Ｆｅ，ＺｎＣａ的特征含量，通过数据比较可看出，白发者Ｃｕ，Ｆｅ，Ｚｎ，Ｃａ的含量均低于正常组，而脱发者与正常组较接近，经相关性检验，证明了Ｃｕ，Ｆｅ，Ｚｎ，Ｃａ偏低的血发存在的相关性，与脱发没有相关性，经过性别比对，女性发中Ｃｕ，Ｆｅ，Ｚｎ，Ｃａ含量均高于男     

中风患者血清微量元素观察

采用原子吸收分光光度法测定８７例中风患者血清中Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ含量，并与正常组作对比。结果表明：中风患者Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ降低，而Ｍｇ、Ｃｕ增高，Ｚｎ／Ｃｕ比值降低（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１）；而两组血清Ｃａ无统计学上的差别（Ｐ＞０．５０）。     

广州市黄埔地区正常婴幼儿头发中6种元素的含量及水平分析

报道了广州市黄埔地区２００名正常婴幼儿头发中Ｚｎ，Ｆｅ，Ｃｕ，Ｃａ，Ｍｎ，Ｐｂ的含量水平。     

抗癌草药半边旗微量元素含量的分析

用等离子体发射光谱法测定了广州和化州两地区半边旗的２５种元素，在检出的２０种元素中，含有人体必需的微量元素Ｆｅ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｍｎ、Ｃｏ、Ｍｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｒ、Ｖ，以Ｚｎ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｕ等元素含量较高，这为研究微量元素对半边旗的生长和抗癌作用的影响提供了启示。     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

Study of hydration of two cements of different strengths

Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, M_o, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700^oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Acid hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose of low degree of substitution

Cotton cellulose was swollen in a sodium hydroxide solution and carboxymethylated by a two-bath method for different periods of time for each process. The kinetics of acid hydrolysis and the crystallinity of the swollen and carboxymethylated samples were measured. The proportion of broken bonds, rate constants for hydrolysis, and permeability of cellulose to hydrolyzing agents were calculated. The susceptibility of glycosidic linkages to acid hydrolysis was improved by carboxymethylation more than by swelling in alkali. The increased accessibility of carboxymethylcellulose to acid was regarded as a consequence of increased intra-and intercrystalline swelling and of the glycosidic bonds' weakness caused by the electron-attracting carboxymethyl group on the C-6 position.     

恶臭嗅辨实验室建设探讨

针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Estimation of Kinetic Parameters of Thermal Oxidation of Ilmenite

The aim of the presented work was the investigation of thermal oxidation of ilmenite in static air atmosphere. The investigations were carried out by use of a derivatograph (MOM, Hungary). The changes of crystallographic structure of investigated samples were identified by X-ray diffractometry on Philips PW-1710 diffractometer. In temperature above 500°C appears structure of hematite Fe₂O₃. On the basis of the thermogravimetric measurements, the contracting area and contracting volume models were found as the best fitting experimental data. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Mechanism of action of base-catalyzed oxygenation of phenol derivatives

Cyclopropyl derivative of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol is synthesized as a probe to investigate the mechanism of base-catalyzed autooxidation of phenol derivatives. Our study indicates that one electron reduction of molecular oxygen from phenolate gives phenoxyl radical 3, a key intermediate of autooxidation. The coupling of phenoxyl radical and superoxide radical gives peroxylate anion 4 and produces the final epoxy alcohol adduct 6.