用于"芯片实验室"的静电机制微液滴控制芯片的研制

提出了一种结构简单、可编程控制的离散液滴控制芯片。它以硅为衬底,重掺杂多晶硅为微电极阵列,氧化硅为介质层,碳氟聚合物薄膜为疏水层。它克服了传统连续流传输、混合的局限性及层流条件的限制,通过控制施加在微电极阵列上的电压脉冲时序,成功实现了对离散液滴的快速传输和混合。在30 V驱动电压下,约0.9μL去离子水液滴传输速度可达24 mm/s;在40 V驱动电压下,约0.8μL去离子水液滴和约1.4μL的0.0001 mol/L Rhodam ine液滴在7/30 s内完成了快速混合。另外,还提出利用提高液滴速度及来回晃动混合后的液滴等几种加强混合方法。     

一种基于介质上电润湿效应的免疫检测芯片研究

利用微机械加工技术,在ITO玻璃上设计制作了基于介质上电润湿效应的以离散液滴为对象的免疫检测芯片,对芯片的液滴驱动特性、免疫反应参数进行了测试,并对小鼠IgG和羊抗鼠IgG-HRP进行了初步的免疫测试.研究结果表明,在电压<100 V的时候,接触角测量值基本上和预测曲线吻合,在>100 V的情况下出现了接触角饱和现象,在芯片上实现了液滴操纵,120 V时得到最大平均速度为3.75 mm/s;该芯片可以实现免疫反应检测,所需样品体积为0.5 μL,检测时间约为20 min,对于羊抗鼠IgG-HRP实验系统的检测范围为0.1～20 mg/L.     

激光诱导荧光检测微流控芯片生化分析仪的研制

研制出一种集激光诱导荧光检测、微流控芯片电泳及控制系统于一体的生化分析仪。分析仪内采用可重复使用的玻璃基质微流控芯片,利用销式固定技术实现芯片的精确定位,定位精度达到±2μm。以四触点高电压系统控制芯片上的进样和电泳分离操作。激光诱导荧光检测系统采用正交光路模式,对Cy5染料的检出限达到1.0×10-10mol/L(S/N=3)。以羟乙基纤维素为筛分介质,初步进行了ΦΧ174-HaeШdigest DNAmarker限制性片段的毛细管电泳分离。     

基于ARM9的便携式电容耦合非接触电导检测器

研制了一种应用于微流控芯片的便携式电容耦合非接触电导检测器。此检测器在ARM9嵌入式平台上开发,所有功能由ARM9微处理器控制完成。检测器的硬件部分主要包括信号激励、信号调理、信号采集处理及显示单元;软件部分主要包括操作系统、驱动程序和应用程序。检测器的激励信号频率范围为0～2 MHz;电压范围为0～20 Vpp(峰峰值);检测器的外形尺寸为130 mm×102 mm×35 mm。利用此检测器测试了一种三层结构微流控芯片的检测灵敏度。该芯片由聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯电极片(包含铜检测电极)、厚度为16μm的聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)绝缘层和PDMS沟道片(包含微沟道)组成。溶液在蠕动泵的驱动下,从芯片的尖端进入微沟道,并在电极处得到检测。本研究对检测器的激励频率和电压进行了优化。在优化的激励频率(50 kHz)和电压(20 Vpp)下,得到的KCl检出限为9.1μmol/L。     

尼索朗对映体的高效毛细管电泳电导拆分

使用自行设计的毛细管电泳柱端电导检测系统,以未涂层融硅石英毛细管(75μm×45 cm)为分离柱,用非水介质对尼索朗对映体进行了拆分。研究了缓冲溶液浓度和酸碱度、非水介质、手性拆分剂(β-CD)等因素对分离的影响。以V(甲醇):V(甲酰胺)=8:2溶液为非水介质,5 mmol/L NaAc 2 mmol/L HAc为缓冲溶液,分离电压为15 kV,在8．0～160 mg/L范围内,峰高与浓度呈良好的线性关系,线性同归方程:y= 9．4 36．8x,线性相关系数R=0．996 3,检出限为1．6 mg/L。     

基于芯片介电电泳的细胞特性分析及种类判断

基于微流控芯片介电电泳( Dielectrophoresis,DEP)原理和技术,在自行设计制作的抛物线电极结构的微流控介电电泳芯片上,采用芯片介电泳临界频率测定法,选择缓冲液电导率为200～1000 μS/cm,激发电压为5V,分别对红细胞(RBC)、白细胞(WBC)和死活HepG2肝癌细胞的临界频率进行了测试,检测...     

微流控芯片非接触电导法测定注射液中的门冬氨酸鸟氨酸

建立了微流控芯片非接触电导检测法快速分离检测门冬氨酸鸟氨酸注射液中门冬氨酸鸟氨酸的分析方法。考察了缓冲溶液的种类和浓度、添加剂、进样时间、分离电压等因素对分离检测的影响。在优化条件下,即以4 mmol/L M ES-6 mmol/L(L)-His(p H 4.5)为缓冲溶液,分离电压2.00 k V、进样时间10 s,1 min内可实现较好的分离和检测,门冬氨酸鸟氨酸的线性范围为20~200μg/m L,相关系数为0.9990,检出限(S/N=3)为10.0μg/m L,RSD为1.9%,加标回收率为97.6%~101.3%。方法可用于门冬氨酸鸟氨酸的质量控制。     

微流控芯片上高电导率介质中聚苯乙烯微球的动电分离

采用三层夹心式、三平行微电极设计制作了聚二甲基硅氧烷(Polydimethylsiloxane,PDMS)/玻璃微流控芯片,通过交流电对在微流控芯片中的高电导率溶液施加电场,达到不同尺寸聚苯乙烯(Polystyrene,PS)微球分离的目的;探讨了微球定向运动的动电学原理。结果表明,在电压为14 V,频率为100 k Hz时,直径为10和25μm的PS微球分离效率最好;在电压为10 V,频率为2 MHz时,直径为5和25μm的PS微球分离效率最好;对于直径分别为5、10和25μm的3种PS微球分离,在电压为11 V,频率为1 MHz时,可以达到大球和另外两种尺寸较小微球的快速有效分离,分离效率均可达90%以上。结果表明,相邻电极中间位置层流区域的形成,对微球分离起到关键作用。     

基于微流体脉冲驱动控制技术的电化学微流控芯片制备方法

基于微流体脉冲驱动控制技术搭建了电化学微流控芯片的制备系统.首先将纳米银墨水和甘油溶液分别微喷射到玻璃基底表面形成微电极图形和微流道液体阳模图形;然后分别进行烧结和聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)模塑工艺制得微电极和微流道;最后将微电极和微流道键合形成电化学微流控芯片.研究了系统参量对液滴产生的影响以及液滴直径和重叠率对液滴成线的影响,制得的微电极最小线宽为45 μm、厚度为2.2 μm、电阻率为5.2 μΩ·cm,制得的微流道最小线宽为35 μm,流道表面光滑.采用制得的电化学微流控芯片进行了葡萄糖浓度的电化学流动检测.结果表明,葡萄糖溶液的浓度与响应电流具有较高的线性关系,可对一定浓度范围内的葡萄糖溶液进行定量检测.基于微流体脉冲驱动控制技术的电化学微流控芯片制备方法具有微喷射精度高、重复性好,制备系统结构简单、成本低廉等优点,可用于生化分析、生物传感器等领域的芯片制备.     

一种用于核酸高灵敏检测的液滴式数字聚合酶链式反应芯片

为了实现对核酸的高灵敏度检测,构建了一种新型的液滴式数字聚合酶链式反应(dd PCR)芯片.该芯片由产生液滴的聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)模块和储存液滴的玻璃腔室构成.实验结果表明,该芯片可以在25 min内产生2×106个直径为20μm的微液滴(体积4.187 p L).利用该芯片定量检测了表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)基因第19号外显子,在DNA浓度为106~101copies/μL范围内呈现良好的线性关系(R2=0.9998);在浓度为106copies/μL的19号外显子野生型DNA中检测105~100copies/μL的突变型DNA,其检测敏感度可达到0.0001%.该方法在同一芯片上实现了液滴产生、核酸扩增和荧光信号读取的功能,在核酸绝对定量及痕量突变基因的检测中具有潜在应用前景.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.