超细碳化钨及其复合粉末的制备

超细碳化钨(WC)是近年发展起来的硬质合金材料，本文根据超细碳化钨粉末在还原碳化过程中是否连续，将其制备方法分成一步法和两步法进行综述。同时，归纳了超细WC-Co复合粉末的主要制备方法，其中喷雾干燥-流化床法具有操作过程连续、复合粉与反应气体接触充分、复合粉末的活性高、反应温度低和最终粉末的晶粒细小均匀等优点，可望作为制备超细碳化钨及其复合粉末的重要方法。     

等温微量热法在生命科学研究中的应用

简要介绍了等温微量热法的原理、典型的仪器及其在生命科学研究中应用所具有的特点。通过它可获得完整的细胞代谢过程产热曲线及其热动力学方程；可以研究细胞器的代谢规律；可以获取生物大分子与小分子相互作用的热动力学特征。     

超细碳酸钇热分解行为及焙烧工艺的研究

超细Y2O3同时具有尺寸效应和稀土元素的双重特性,有着更加特殊的性质,在陶瓷、发光材料等方面多有应用.目前工业上主要通过液相沉淀法获得超细前驱体,进而焙烧获得超细Y2O3;然而,在前驱体焙烧过程中,一般都需添加表面活性剂来避免团聚的发生,使焙烧前后产物的粒径和形貌具有良好的一致,最终获得粒度均匀的超细Y2O3;但表面活...     

溶液还原法制备球形超细镍粉

超细镍粉由于表面活性高、导电性和导热性好而被广泛应用于化学催化剂、烧结活化剂、导电浆料门等方面．目前，制备超细镍粉的方法主要有问：真空蒸馏冷凝法、机械粉碎法、电解法、羰基镍热分解法、浆化氢还原法和溶液还原法等．在这些方法中，溶液还原法的工艺简单，所得粉末纯度高，颗粒尺寸小且分布均匀[3]．法国的Figlarz等[4]用弱有机还原剂乙二醇还原粒径小干0．1μm的Ni（OH）2。超细粉末，引入AgNO3。作为成核剂后，制得了粒径＜1μm的超细镍粉，但这种方法需长时间高温回流反应，对原料要求苛刻，且采用有机分散介质成本较高，…     

卤氧化铋化合物光催化剂

卤氧化铋,BiOX (X=Cl, Br, I)作为一种新型光催化剂,由于具有特殊的层状结构和合适的禁带宽度从而显示出优异的光催化性能。本文主要对微纳米卤氧化铋光催化剂的制备方法、形貌尺寸及光催化性能进行了综述。卤氧化铋的光催化活性普遍优于商品TiO₂ (P25)的光催化活性,并且随着卤素原子序数的增加光催化活性逐渐增强。此外,卤氧化铋光催化剂还具有很高的稳定性。借助于掺杂改性,卤氧化铋的光催化性能得到进一步改善;通过晶体结构和能带结构的设计合成可以得到高活性的卤氧化铋化合物光催化剂。最后,对卤氧化铋光催化剂今后的研究方向进行了展望。     

异丙醇铝水解制备超微细高纯氧化铝

高纯超细氧化铝是重要的功能材料,其制备方法有拜耳法、硫酸铝铵热解法、碱式碳酸铝铵热解法和近期开发的有机铝水解热解法。本文报道用醇铝水解法获得水合氧化铝,通过高温焙烧制备超微细高纯氧化铝。本法工艺简单,水解反应后在同一容器中通过蒸馏回收醇,水解产物可以不经过滤、烘干和粉碎处理直接进高温炉焙烧,原料消耗小,无污染,制得氧化铝的粒度比其他方法细而均匀、纯度高。     

电化学石英晶体微天平研究六氰亚铁铜膜修饰电极及其离子效应

利用电化学石英晶体微天平（EQCM）手段，结合循环伏安法．计时电流法对六氰亚铁铜（CuHCF)膜修饰电极及其在不同水溶液中的离子交换机制进行了研究。结果表明；通过循环伏安法，在Pt电极上可以牢固地形成CuHCF膜．在氧化还原过程中，不仅是阳离子，阴离子也参与了在CuHCF膜中的传输。     

质子导体SrCe0.9Y0.1O3-α的柠檬酸法合成研究

采用柠檬酸液相法合成了钙钛矿相SrCe0.9 Y0.1 O-α跃粉体，将所制粉体模压成型后在1450℃烧结10h得到陶瓷膜片。对粉体合成的热处理过程进行了DSC／TG，XRD研究，通过SEM观察了粉体及膜片的微观结构。结果表明，用柠檬酸液相法制备的螫合前驱体在热处理形成srCe0.9 Y0.1 O3-α的过程中，先出现了YxCe1-x O2-x／2复合氧化物、SrCO3及反尖晶石结构的Sr2CeO4相，在1100℃可以完令转变为SrCe0.9 Y0.1 O3-α钙钛矿相；这种方法比传统固相法的合成法温度低，粉体一次粒子粒径小于1μm，分散性差，但烧结性能良好。     

X射线荧光光谱法分析碳酸盐时两种制样方法的比较

在X射线荧光光谱法分析碳酸盐时,采用了两种样片的制法,即熔融法和超细粉末压片法,并对此两种方法进行了比较研究。结果表明:在所测定的15种组分中,采用超细粉末压片法所制样品的分析结果,其检出限有较大的改善,这是由于样品在制备过程中未被稀释;对测定的精密度而言,虽然在主、次组分方面不如熔融法好,但对于痕量组分,则超细粉末压片法占优。此外,在超细粉末压片制样过程中不存在二氧化碳的逃逸,而且粒度效应也基本消除,因此可定量测定碳酸盐中二氧化碳的含量。     

水热pH值对溴氧化铋组成、形貌及光催化性能的影响（英文）

通过调节pH值一步水热法制备溴氧化铋光催化剂,并利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-vis DRS)和固体荧光光谱(PL)等方法对其进行表征。在可见光(λ 420 nm)照射下,通过对水溶液中罗丹明B,甲基橙和苯酚的降解效果来评价溴氧化铋的光催化活性。结果表明,由于B9提高了对可见光的吸收以及电子-空穴对的分离效率,B9具有最好的光催化活性,同时探索水热pH值对制备溴氧化铋的形貌和组成的影响,并说明了不同水热pH值下溴氧化铋的合成过程。     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles by intramolecular nitrilimine cycloaddition

Both substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles have been synthesized by the 3+2 intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines to alkynes. This cyclization has been extended to more versatile 3-bromo derivatives by the use of alkynylbromides as dipolarophiles.