氯乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物组成的控制

本文提出了氯乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物组成的简化计算法,作出了配比为0.84—0.96克分子分数氯乙烯时的共聚物组成算图和组成分布图。如果对共聚物组成均一性的要求不十分严格,含82—95％(重量)氯乙烯的共聚物可以由一次投料法来生产。简化计算法可以推广于r_1>1、r_2<1而以单体1为主的共聚物组成的计算。     

基于Matlab的二元共聚物组成与转化率关系曲线的绘制及应用

采用Matlab GUI工具,以单体组成为中间变量,依据共聚物组成方程及单体组成与转化率关系式,开发出一款用于绘制二元共聚合反应共聚物组成与单体转化率关系曲线的图形用户程序。通过对苯乙烯与甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯腈与醋酸乙烯酯等共聚反应的应用表明：该图形用户程序界面友好,交互性强,适用性广,计算便捷,解决了绘制过程中共聚物组成与单体转化率关系式过于复杂而无法找到直接关系的困难,为预测不同竞聚率、不同投料比时共聚物组成与转化率的变化规律,控制共聚物组成,选择控制方法,验证实验,指导生产提供理论依据。     

論合成化学均匀共聚物时添加单体的計算——与史悠彰同志商榷

一、前言分批共聚合时,由于单体竞聚率的不同,在每一个瞬间,共聚物的组成与形成該共聚物的未反应单体混合物的比例是不同的(它们的关系卽所谓共聚方程式)。故一般来说,分批共聚合所得共聚物的化学组成总是不均匀的。因此,与均聚物不同,共聚物除了有分子量不均匀的问题以外,还有化学组成不均匀的问题。化学组成不均匀对共聚物的性能发生不利的影响。例如,丙烯腈共聚物能改进聚丙烯腈的染色能力,但假如此共聚物的化学组成不均匀,则染色力也就不     

乙烯基单体-N-取代马来酰亚胺共聚物玻璃化温度研究

用差示扫描量热仪对乙烯基单体/N-取代马来酰亚胺共聚物的玻璃化温度(T_g)进行测定.研究了共聚物组成、序列结构、乙烯基单体和N-取代马来酰亚胺种类对共聚物T_g的影响.提出了含共聚物组成和序列结构的T_g预测方程,该方程不仅适合于无规共聚物,还适合于具有严重交替倾向的共聚物.     

差示扫描量热法研究全氟乙丙烯共聚物的化学组成分布

本文从共聚物结晶的两种模型出发,总结了共聚物的熔点、熔化热与组成的关系,提出了从熔化曲线得到组成分布的方法。然后以全氟乙丙烯共聚物作为研究对象,用实验方法对上述关系进行了验证,再用来测定乳液及悬浮聚合试样的组成分布,得到了初步结果。发现乳液聚合试样的组成分布要比悬浮聚合为窄;对于平均组成相近的试样,组成分布宽的,其应力开裂性能较差。     

强阴离子型丙烯酰胺共聚物P(AM-co-NaAMPS)的结构与性能

在水介质中实施了丙烯酰胺 (AM)与 2 丙烯酰胺基 2 甲基丙磺酸钠 (NaAMPS)的溶液共聚合 ,制备了组成系列变化的强阴离子型共聚物P(AM co NaAMPS) ;通过红外光谱法与元素分析法对共聚物的组成进行了表征 ;稀释外推粘度法测定了共聚物的特性粘数及Huggins常数 ;测定了共聚物纯水溶液及盐水溶液的表观粘度及高温下共聚物盐水溶液的粘度保持率 ;重点考察了共聚物的结构与组成对其各种性能的影响规律 .实验结果表明 ,在聚丙烯酰胺 (PAM)分子主链上引入NaAMPS链节后 ,磺酸根的强阴离子性与庞大侧基的位阻效应 ,赋于共聚物P(AM co NaAMPS)以优良的溶解、增稠、耐温与抗盐性能 ,且这些性能随共聚物的结构与组成的改变发生规律性的变化 .     

不同催化体系对乙丙共聚物序列分布的影响

<正> 乙丙橡胶的性能不仅取决于共聚物的组成、分子量及其分布,而且依赖于共聚物的微结构。Natta等认为共聚物中乙烯和丙烯单体链节呈无规分布时可获得性能最好的弹性体。但因催化剂及聚合条件不同,共聚物的单体链节总是存在不同程度的无规、交替及长序列分布。本文采用红外吸收光谱研究了乙丙共聚物的组成及不同催化体系和加入添加剂后对乙丙共聚物序列分布的影响。     

端羟基丁二烯丙烯腈共低聚物的合成及其力学性能：Ⅱ.均匀组成 …

根据共聚物组成的计算方法,合成了组成均匀的端羟基丁二烯与丙烯腈液体共聚物并用ＮＭＲ观察和计算了该液体聚合物的序列分布,测定了力学性能。     

聚苯乙烯-乙丙共聚物两嵌段共聚物的组成分析

本文用红外光谱(IR)的工作曲线法及傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)差谱法,分析了多单体嵌段共聚物聚苯乙烯-乙丙共聚物PS-b-EPR的组成,包括聚苯乙烯段的含量和乙丙共聚物段的乙丙组成。     

偏氟乙烯和四氟乙烯共聚反应

本文用过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯为引发剂,丙酮为分子量调节剂,对偏氟乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚反应进行了研究,并制得了不同组成,不同分子量的样品,用色谱分析方法分析在共聚反应过程中单体组成的变化,方便地确定了偏氟乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚反应中的“恒比”组成范围,并能控制共聚物组成的均匀性,丙酮有效地调节了共聚物的分子量,对共聚物的性能测定表明,它们有很好的机械性能和热稳定性,在“恒比”组成范围的共聚物的热电系数有一个极大值,它对应于熔点的极小值。     

关于聚皂共聚物组成的核磁共振研究

烷基甲基二烯丙基溴化铵共聚物是一种新型疏水改性的聚皂,应用多种核磁共振分析技术对其结构和共单体的组成进行了定量的讨论.研究结果表明,在测定化学结构和性质上比较接近的共单体组成时,核磁共振方法是一种有效的工具.     

VDF/TFE/PMVE三元共聚物的结构与性能研究

控制不同单体的起始组成合成了一系列偏氟乙烯 (VDF) 四氟乙烯 (TFE) 全氟甲基乙烯基醚 (PMVE)三元共聚物 ,通过1 9F NMR测定了这类三元共聚物的组成 ,结果与按竞聚率的计算结果吻合 .进一步分别用DSC和WAXD表征了玻璃化温度和结晶度 ,实验结果发现用这类三元共聚物制成的硫化胶的性能与其组成和微观结构密切相关     

Novel polyesteramide-based di- and triblock copolymers: From thermo-mechanical properties to hydrolytic degradation

Two types of biodegradable poly(ε-caprolactone (CLo))-co-poly(ε-caprolactam (CLa)) copolymers were prepared by catalyzed hydrolytic ring-opening polymerization. For the first type of materials, the respective cyclic comonomers were added simultaneously in the reaction medium leading to the formation of copolymers having a random distribution of co-units within the polyesteramide sequence, as evidenced by ¹H and ¹³C NMR. For the second type of copolymers, the cyclic comonomers were added sequentially in the reaction medium yielding diblock polyesteramides, again evidenced by NMR. The thermal and thermo-mechanical properties of the copolymers were investigated by DSC and DMA and correlated with the copolymer topology and composition. The copolymers were characterized by a storage modulus and α transition temperature intermediate to the modulus and T_g of the corresponding homopolymers. The chemical composition and molecular weight of the copolymers proved to have only a limited effect on the thermo-mechanical properties of the materials. The hydrolytic degradation of random copolymers was studied in a phosphate buffer at 60 °C and discussed in terms of chemical composition and molecular weight of the copolymers.     

Enzymatic Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Polycarbonates Derived from 5-Allyloxy-1, 3-dioxan-2-one and 5, 5-Dimethyl-1, 3-dioxan-2-one

Aliphatic polycarbonates and their copolymers have been used in drug controlled release system and other biomedical applications due to their good biocompatibility, favorable mechanical properties and some elasticity1, such as poly(1, 3-dioxan-2-one)2 and…     

负载钛催化合成高反式丁二烯-异戊二烯共聚物的序列分布

采用TiCl4-MgCl2-Al(i-Bu)3体系催化丁二烯(Bd,M1)-异戊二烯(Ip,M2)共聚合成了高反式-1,4-结构的共聚物,用13^CNMR方法研究了共聚物的结构和组成分布,定量计算了共聚物二元组的浓度和数均序列长度,证明共聚物的序列分布服一级Markov模型,继而根据一张Markov模型预测了一次投料不同转化率下所得共聚物的链段分布。     

New three-arm amphiphilic and biodegradable block copolymers composed of poly(epsilon-caprolactone) and poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone). Synthesis, characterization and self-assembly in aqueous solution

The synthesis, characterization and the self-assembly process of a novel biodegradable block copolymer containing a poly(epsilon-caprolactone), PCL, central block and three poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone), PVP, arms are reported. Three samples with different amounts of PVP were investigated. The copolymers were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, (1)H NMR and viscosity measurements. The composition and the molecular weights of the block copolymers were established using size exclusion chromatography SEC and (1)H NMR. Micelle formation by these copolymers was monitored by using the vibrational fine structure of pyrene monomer fluorescence and the critical aggregation concentrations, cac, of the copolymers in aqueous solution were determined using sigmoid Boltzmann-type fitting of the fluorescence data. Dynamic light scattering measurements showed a bimodal size distribution for the copolymers in solution, indicating that the micellization is an intermolecular process. Partitioning coefficients of pyrene between copolymer micelles and water were also determined and increase in magnitude with increasing epsilon-caprolactone content of the copolymer.     

苯乙烯-N-苯基马来酰亚胺-马来酸酐三元共聚物的合成与性能

以过氧化对苯二甲酸二叔丁酯为引发剂, 以一次投料方式, 采用溶液聚合法合成了苯乙烯-N-苯基马来酰亚胺-马来酸酐三元共聚物. 通过控制单体配比, 实现产物中N-苯基马来酰亚胺质量分数在48%~63%之间可调. 采用FTIR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和GPC技术对三元共聚物的化学组成、链序列结构和分子量进行了测试. 利用FOX方程计算的共聚物NPMI含量与¹H NMR核磁测试结果一致. DSC和TGA测试的结果表明, 当N-苯基马来酰亚胺质量分数>48%时, 共聚物的玻璃化转变温度(T_g)从202 ℃提高到215 ℃, 5%热失重温度高于363 ℃, 所以三元聚合物是一种优异的聚合物耐热剂.     

Metal-free synthesis of amphiphilic functional polycarbonates

Amphiphilic block copolymers of poly(5-benzyloxy trimethylene carbonate)(PBTMC) and poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG) were synthesized through enzymatic polymerization using immobilized porcine pancreas lipase(IPPL).The obtained copolymers with different compositions were characterized by GPC and ~1H NMR.The copolymer composition was in agreement with the feed ratio. The molecular weight of the copolymers showed an increasing trend with the decrease of PEG contents.Micelles of the copolymers were formed by dialysis procedure,and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).     

乙交酯与2-氢-2-氧-1,3,2-二氧磷杂环己烷的开环共聚研究

聚乙醇酸及其与乳酸的共聚物是一类无毒、有良好的生物相容性和生物可降解材料,它们广泛地用作药物控释体系的载体,牙科植入材料［１,２］．但由于聚乙醇酸的高度可结晶性,使其不溶于包括三氟乙酸在内的几乎所有的有机溶剂,因此通过共聚来改进其物化性质的研究一直方...     

Microstructural Characterization of Diblock Copolymers Formed by Styrene and Different Methacrylic Units

FT-IR, DSC, and NMR techniques allowed the structural characterization of four copolymers formed by styrene and methacrylic units (methacrylic acid (MAA), dimethylamine ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), sodium methacrylate (MANa), and 1-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). The copolymer composition was studied by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The thermal behavior of the block copolymers was analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Three of the four copolymers showed two transitions caused by changes in the polymer heat capacity (ΔCp) of each block. Diffusion-ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) experiments were used to distinguish copolymer from homopolymer mixtures. Finally, the triad-level stereosequences of styrene-methacrylic copolymers were obtained using ¹³C NMR. The results indicate that by increasing the alkyl-substituent length in the methacrylic block, the probability of syndiotactic polymerization increases.