光电离质谱法测定卷烟抽吸过程中烟气成分在人体呼吸道的截留

采用光电离质谱法测定卷烟抽吸过程中烟气成分在人体呼吸道的截留.将烟气采样系统与光电离质谱相结合,通过取样毛细管的长度优化、烟气成分的光电离质谱图定性分析、吸入和呼出的流量数据优化,实现吸入和呼出烟气的直接采样和质谱检测,以计算卷烟抽吸过程中烟气成分的人体呼吸道截留率.结果表明,吸烟者经口腔循环抽吸卷烟时,烟气成分在人体...     

真空紫外灯电离源飞行时间质谱仪的研制及应用

为了实时、在线分析卷烟烟气,研制了一台采用真空紫外灯作电离源的光电离飞行时间质谱仪,主要由真空系统、进样接口、光电离室、离子传输区、反射式飞行时间质量分析器和数据采集系统等组成;采用甲苯标准气体对仪器的质量精度、分辨率、检出限和标准工作曲线等性能参数进行了测试;同时考察了该质谱仪在卷烟主流烟气气相化学成分分析中的应用。结果表明:质谱仪的质量精度优于1.0×10~(-4),分辨率优于2000,对甲苯的定性检出限为0.41 mg/m~3,标准工作曲线相关系数可达0.9990;质谱仪采用毛细管进样方式,能够直接与商用吸烟机联用,可实现在2 s内获得新鲜单口烟气气相化学成分的信息,非常适合对卷烟烟气进行实时、在线分析。     

同时测定加热非燃烧卷烟主流烟气中14种酸味成分的方法

本发明公开了一种同时测定加热非燃烧卷烟主流烟气中14种酸味成分的方法,包括下列步骤:(1)用剑桥滤片捕集加热非燃烧卷烟主流烟气粒相物后,将剑桥滤片转入提取容器,加入丙酮溶液,再加入内标溶液进行震荡提取,取上清液加入衍生化试剂加热后得烟气样品;(2)采用气相色谱质谱联用(GC–MS)法对烟气样品进行检测,通过内标定量法检测出14种酸味成分含量。本发明采用溶剂萃取–GC–MS法,可同时测定加热非燃烧卷烟主流烟气中14种酸味成分的含量,具有快速检测、灵敏度高、选择性好、精确度高的优点;特别适用于测定加热非燃烧卷烟烟气中酸味成分的含量。     

赋香型麦冬颗粒的制备及在卷烟滤棒中的应用

基于不燃烧调香的理念和麦冬的生物活性成分和口味特征,针对目前低焦卷烟风格特征弱化和感官舒适性下降等问题,通过流化床造粒工艺开发赋香型麦冬颗粒并进行滤棒添加应用实验。(1)利用响应面优化法,获得麦冬多孔颗粒的最佳工艺条件;(2)所制备的麦冬颗粒经粒径分析和结构表征,应用于卷烟滤棒改善抽吸舒适性,提升烟气在口腔中的津润感和甜感,有效降低主流烟气的燥热感,强化卷烟产品的清甜香风格特征;(3)采用HPLC-EIS/MS法,多反应监测模式(MRM)对烟气粒相物中的麦冬成分进行初步的定性分析。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定加热卷烟呼出烟气中苯酚

建立加热卷烟呼出烟气中苯酚的气相色谱质谱测定方法。采用真空辅助捕集装置对抽烟者呼出烟气进行捕集，用气相色谱质谱联用法对呼出烟气中苯酚进行定量分析。苯酚的质量浓度在0.004～0.50μg/mL的范围内线性关系良好，相关系数为0.999 5，检出限为0.000 8μg/mL，定量限为0.002 6μg/mL。测定结果的相对标准偏差为3.21%(n=6)，加标回收率为81.8%～88.9%。在吸烟机上模拟抽烟者抽吸参数抽吸加热卷烟吸入烟气中苯酚的含量，并研究了苯酚的人体截留率。结果表明抽吸加热卷烟后，人体呼出烟气中苯酚的含量显著低于吸入加热卷烟烟气以及抽吸传统卷烟后呼出烟气中苯酚的含量，人体对苯酚的截留率为79.9%～97.8%，平均截留率为94.0%，与抽吸传统卷烟时人体对苯酚的截留率接近。     

卷烟主流烟气中碳中心自由基的自旋标记荧光表征

以自旋标记荧光探针4-((9-acridinecarbonyl)amino)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl(TEMPO-9-AC)研究了卷烟主流烟气中的碳中心自由基。以吸烟机抽吸卷烟,以弱荧光的TEMPO-9-AC作为捕集剂捕集卷烟主流烟气中的碳中心自由基,生成稳定的强荧光的碳中心自由基捕集加合物,以高效液相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱联用仪(HPLC-MS/MS)对其结构进行了确认,并建立了高效液相色谱-荧光检测(HPLC-FLD)的定量方法。结果表明,方法的检出限为0.318 nmol/cig,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.5%～9.7%;利用TEMPO-9-AC捕集体系鉴别出了10种碳中心自由基;对5种代表性卷烟烟气中的碳中心自由基进行了定量计算,获得了它们在主流烟气中碳中心自由基的含量数据,并发现碳中心自由基总量与焦油释放量之间具有高度的相关性。本法检出限低,重复性好,适用于卷烟主流烟气中碳中心自由基的结构验证及释放量的检测分析。     

气相色谱法测定卷烟烟气中涕灭威残留量

提出了气相色谱法测定卷烟烟气中涕灭威残留量的分析方法。通过吸烟机抽吸捕集卷烟主流烟气总粒相物和主流烟气气相物后经甲醇萃取,所得萃取液中涕灭威及其代谢物通过过氧化氢氧化转化为涕灭威砜,再用二氯甲烷提取除去干扰,然后采用DB-1701弹性石英毛细管柱分离,脉冲火焰光度检测器检测,外标法定量。方法的检出限(3S/N)为0.01μg·g~(-1),主流烟气总粒相物中涕灭威的回收率在99.0%～101.0%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)为4.7%～10.2%;主流烟气气相物中涕灭威的回收率在97.7%～99.3%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)为5.4%～9.6%。     

超临界流体色谱与气相色谱-质谱联用测定卷烟主流烟气中醛酮类化合物的研究

建立了一种卷烟主流烟气中醛酮类香气化合物的超临界流体色谱/气相色谱-质谱测定方法。将捕集卷烟主流烟气粒相物的剑桥滤片用超临界流体萃取醛酮类香气成分后,通过配备高效分离柱的超临界流体色谱(SFC)先对香气成分进行划段,分离后的各段馏分再用GC-MS分析。结果表明:经SFC分离后的各段化合物之间基本不重叠,解决了GC-MS峰容量有限的问题,且分离出的醛酮类香气成分数量远多于直接进样分析法;样品直接进样后经GC-MS分析仅鉴定出29种醛酮类化合物,其中醛类7种、酮类22种;而经SFC分段后再用GC-MS分析,可鉴定出57种醛酮类化合物,包括13种醛类和44种酮类。3种不同焦油量卷烟主流烟气中醛酮类化合物种类和含量存在较大差异,每种卷烟主流烟气中分别含有不同特有醛酮类化合物。该研究为卷烟主流烟气中醛酮类香气成分的测定提供了新方法。     

一种超临界流体色谱–气相色谱–质谱测定卷烟主流烟气中苯并[a]芘的方法

<正>申请公布号:CN106198796A申请公布日:2016.12.07申请人:云南中烟工业有限责任公司摘要本发明公开了一种超临界流体色谱(SFC)–气相色谱–质谱(GC–MS)测定卷烟主流烟气中苯并[a]芘的方法。本方法是在抽吸卷烟后,向捕集卷烟主流烟气总粒相物的滤片中加入内标物及环己烷溶液,超声提取后,萃取液用超临界流体色谱进行分离净化,切割含有苯并[a]芘的馏分再用GC–MS分析,根据目标物峰和同位素内标物峰的面积比定     

卷烟主流烟气中挥发性羰基化合物分析研究进展

挥发性羰基化合物是卷烟烟气中主要有害成分之一,在抽吸卷烟的过程中会不同程度地刺激人体的感觉器官和呼吸系统,长期吸入会对人体造成严重的危害。文章介绍了卷烟主流烟气中挥发性羰基化合物的形成机制和前提物,综述了羰基化合物的捕集方法、衍生化和检测手段。     

Direct identification of propargyl radical in combustion flames by vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry

We have developed an effusive laser photodissociation radical source, aiming for the production of vibrationally relaxed radicals. Employing this radical source, we have measured the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photoionization efficiency (PIE) spectrum of the propargyl radical (C(3)H(3)) formed by the 193 nm excimer laser photodissociation of propargyl chloride in the energy range of 8.5-9.9 eV using high-resolution (energy bandwidth = 1 meV) multibunch synchrotron radiation. The VUV-PIE spectrum of C(3)H(3) thus obtained is found to exhibit pronounced autoionization features, which are tentatively assigned as members of two vibrational progressions of C(3)H(3) in excited autoionizing Rydberg states. The ionization energy (IE = 8.674 +/- 0.001 eV) of C(3)H(3) determined by a small steplike feature resolved at the photoionization onset of the VUV-PIE spectrum is in excellent agreement with the IE value reported in a previous pulsed field ionization-photoelectron study. We have also calculated the Franck-Condon factors (FCFs) for the photoionization transitions C(3)H(3) (+)(X;nu(i),i = 1-12)<--C(3)H(3)(X). The comparison between the pattern of FCFs and the autoionization peaks resolved in the VUV-PIE spectrum of C(3)H(3) points to the conclusion that the resonance-enhanced autoionization mechanism is most likely responsible for the observation of pronounced autoionization features. We also present here the VUV-PIE spectra for the mass 39 ions observed in the VUV synchrotron-based photoionization mass spectrometric sampling of several premixed flames. The excellent agreement of the IE value and the pattern of autoionizing features of the VUV-PIE spectra observed in the photodissociation and flames studies has provided an unambiguous identification of the propargyl radical as an important intermediate in the premixed combustion flames. The discrepancy found between the PIE spectra obtained in flames and photodissociation at energies above the IE(C(3)H(3)) suggests that the PIE spectra obtained in flames might have contributions from the photoionization of vibrationally excited C(3)H(3) and/or the dissociative photoionization processes involving larger hydrocarbon species formed in flames.     

Electrospray/VUV single-photon ionization mass spectrometry for the analysis of organic compounds

For the comprehensive analysis of organic compounds, especially thermal labile and nonpolar compounds, an electrospray/vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) single-photon ionization (ES-SPI) method was developed. The fine droplets of the sample solution from the electrospray process were directed through a quartz capillary and two skimmers to form a molecular beam into a high vacuum ionization chamber. The neutral sample molecules were softly ionized with tunable VUV light and analyzed with a reflection time-of-flight mass spectrometer (RTOF-MS). The ionization energy (IE) and appearance onsets of fragments were obtained based on the photoionization efficiency (PIE) spectrum. The isomers can also be distinguished. With this new method, clean (fragment-free) mass spectra of nonpolar compounds, such as benzene, cyclohexane, and some thermal labile solid compounds (triphenylamine, thioacetamide, and urea) have been obtained without any tedious pretreatment. The components of complex mixtures (gasoline and kerosene) can be identified. Furthermore, quantitative analysis of the components can be obtained based on photoionization cross section data. This method may be used for quantitative analysis of small biomolecules and natural products.     

若干气溶胶单粒子化学成分的实时测量

利用激光解吸附电离飞行时间质谱技术获得了若干已知化学成分的气溶胶粒子的飞行时间质谱,分析标识了各类气溶胶粒子的特征离子谱峰,并对一些特征峰的形成机理进行了探讨。在此基础上,对烟花火药以及纸张燃烧产生的烟气气溶胶粒子进行了实时在线测量,通过对质谱图的分析,获得了有关此两类燃烧过程产生的烟气气溶胶单粒子的化学组成信息。     

Photoionization dynamics in pure helium droplets

The photoionization and photoelectron spectroscopy of pure He droplets were investigated at photon energies between 24.6 eV (the ionization energy of He) and 28.0 eV. Time-of-flight mass spectra and photoelectron images were obtained at a series of molecular beam source temperatures and pressures to assess the effect of droplet size on the photoionization dynamics. At source temperatures below 16 K, where there is significant production of clusters with more than 10(4) atoms, the photoelectron images are dominated by fast electrons produced via direct ionization, with a small contribution from very slow electrons with kinetic energies below 1 meV arising from an indirect mechanism. The fast photoelectrons from the droplets have as much as 0.5 eV more kinetic energy than those from atomic He at the same photon energy. This result is interpreted and simulated within the context of a "dimer model", in which one assumes vertical ionization from two nearest-neighbor He atoms to the attractive region of the He2+ potential energy curve. Possible mechanisms for the slow electrons, which were also seen at energies below IE(He), are discussed, including vibrational autoionizaton of Rydberg states comprising an electron weakly bound to the surface of a large HeN+ core.     

Rovibrationally selected and resolved pulsed field ionization-photoelectron study of propyne: ionization energy and spin-orbit interaction in propyne cation

By using a high-resolution infrared (IR) laser to prepare propyne (C(3)H(4)) in selected rotational levels of the excited nu(1) (acetylenic C-H stretching) vibration mode prior to vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) laser pulsed field ionization-photoelectron (PFI-PE) measurements, we have obtained rotationally resolved VUV-PFI-PE spectra for the C(3)H(4) (+)(X (2)E(32,12),nu(1) (+)=1) band. The analysis of these PFI-PE spectra leads to the determination of the spin-orbit constant of A=-13.0+/-0.2 cm(-1) for the C(3)H(4) (+)(X (2)E(32,12),nu(1) (+)=1) state. Using this A constant and the relative rotationally selected and resolved state-to-state photoionization cross sections thus measured, we have obtained an excellent simulation for the VUV-PFI-PE origin band of C(3)H(4) (+)(X (2)E(32,12)), yielding a value of 83 619.0+/-1.0 cm(-1) (10.367 44+/-0.000 12 eV) for the adiabatic ionization energy of C(3)H(4) [IE(C(3)H(4))]. The present two-color IR-VUV-PFI-PE study has also made possible the determination of the C-H stretching frequencies nu(1) (+)=3217.1+/-0.2 cm(-1) for C(3)H(4) (+)(X (2)E(32,12)). The spectral assignment and simulation were guided by high-level ab initio calculations on the IE(C(3)H(4)), Franck-Condon factors for photoionization transitions, and rotational constants and vibrational frequencies for C(3)H(4) (+).     

UV Photoionization Study of the Ethyl Radical

Introduction Ashighlyreactivebuildingblocksandfundamen talreactionintermediatesinorganicsynthesis,thealkyl radicalfamilyplaysacentralroleinadiversearrayof importantprocessesrangingfromcombustion[1]toat mosphericchemistry[2].Amongalkylradicals,theeth ylrad…     

Photoionization studies on various quinones by an infrared laser desorption/tunable VUV photoionization TOF mass spectrometry

Photoionization and dissociative photoionization characters of six quinones, including 1,2-naphthoquinone (1,2-NQ), 1,4-naphthoquinone (1,4-NQ), 9,10-phenanthroquinone (PQ), 9,10-anthraquinone (AQ), benz[a]- anthracene-7,12-dione (BAD) and 1,2-acenaphthylenedione (AND) have been studied with an infrared laser desorption/tunable synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photoionization mass spectrometry (IR LD/VUV PIMS) technique. Mass spectra of these compounds are obtained at different VUV photon energies. Consecutive losses of two carbon monoxide (CO) groups are found to be the main fragmentation pathways for all the quinones. Detailed dissociation processes are discussed with the help of ab initio B3LYP calculations. Ionization energies (IEs) of these quinones and appearance energies (AEs) of major fragments are obtained by measuring the photoionization efficiency (PIE) spectra. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical data.     

乙苯光电离的实验研究

利用真空紫外同步辐射和反射式飞行时间质谱研究了乙苯分子的光电离, 通过测量母体分子的光电离质谱(PIMS)以及母体离子和主要碎片离子的光电离效率曲线(PIEs), 确定了乙苯分子的电离能IE(C8H+10)=(8.66±0.02) eV, 主要碎片离子C7H+7和C6H+6的出现能分别为(10.81±0.02)和(10.99±0.02) eV; 利用经验公式计算出产生碎片离子C7H+7和C6H+6需要的解离能(Ed)分别为(2.15±0.04)和(2.33±0.04) eV. 结合相关的热化学参数, 推算出C8H+10, C7H+7和C6H+6的标准生成焓分别为865.5, 927.2和1037.9 kJ/mol. 为进一步研究乙苯的大气光氧化反应机理提供了参考.     

Photoionization mass spectrometry of aliphatic monoterpene alcohols

Summary 1. The dissociative processes observed in the photoionization of monoterpene alcohols have been investigated. It has been established that the relative intensities of the peaks of the heavy ions, including the molecular ions, are higher on photoionization than on electron impact.2. It has been found that the mass spectra of the isomeric alcohols obtained on photoionization differ from one another to a greater degree than the electronic mass spectra.Agrophysical Scientific-Research Institute. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 723–726, November–December, 1974.     

对硝基甲苯的同步辐射光电离研究

光电离对硝基甲苯（PNT）可获得其电离势及碎片离子的出现势，并由此推断出离子产生的可能通道．目前尚未见到有关PNT光电离研究的报道，仅George等［‘j使用电子轰击电离质谱测得过它的电离势．我们使用同步辐射光电离质谱测得了PNT的电离势和8种碎片离子的出现势，给出了飞行时间（TOF）质谱图，归属了质谱中的主要离子峰，初步分析了光解离电离通道．1实验部分实验装置由阈值光电子一光离子符合（TPEPICO）装置改造而成［’，’］，光电离室上方的四极质谱计由TOF质谱计代替，下方的四极质谱计由盛固体样品的小炉取代．样品蒸…