KMnO4引发魔芋粉-丙烯腈的接枝共聚反应

以KMnO4为引发剂进行魔芋粉与丙烯腈的接枝共聚反应。研究了魔芋粉预氧化时间、引发剂浓度、单体浓度、酸度、反应时间、反应温度和反应物加料方式等聚合条件对接枝效率的影响，并对接枝机理作了探讨。     

高锰酸钾/硫脲引发魔芋粉-丙烯酰胺接技共聚合及产物增稠性研究

用高锰酸钾／硫脲为引发剂，引发魔芋粉(KGM)与丙烯酰胺(AM)的接枝共聚。研究了引发剂浓度、单体浓度、酸度、反应温度、反应时间、反应介质以及KGM预处理方式等对接枝反应的影响，同时还研究了产物的水溶性及增稠性，并探讨了接枝反应机理。     

[Mn(H_2P_2O_7)_3]~(3-)引发淀粉与丙烯腈接枝聚合反应的动力学研究

以[Mn(H_2P_2O_7)_3]~(3-)为引发剂,研究了丙烯腈与玉米淀粉的接枝共聚反应。由实验结果求出了反应速率与引发剂浓度、单体浓度、淀粉浓度和反应温度的关系,推导并验证了接枝反应动力学模型,探讨了反应机理,求得了接枝反应活化能。     

淀粉乙酸酯的阴离子接枝己内酯聚合研究

将淀粉在二甲基甲酰胺、吡啶存在下 ,以乙酸酐进行部分乙酰化 ,制备取代度为 0 7～ 1 9的淀粉乙酸酯 (St Ac) .以萘钠与淀粉乙酸酯中残余的羟基反应 ,将羟基转化为醇盐 (ONa) ,引发己内酯进行阴离子开环接枝聚合 ,合成了淀粉 聚己内酯接枝共聚物 (St g PCL) .采用凝胶渗透色谱法 (GPC)研究了接枝前后聚合物分子量的变化情况 ,并以接枝率、单体转化率对接枝反应进行了表征 .研究了接枝条件如温度、溶剂、引发剂和单体的用量对接枝率及单体转化率的影响 .研究发现随着反应温度升高 ,接枝率、单体转化率呈S曲线变化 ,单体浓度、引发剂浓度的增大有利于接枝反应的进行 .     

羟乙基纤维素接枝N-异丙基丙烯酰胺的研究

利用硝酸铈铵引发了羟乙基纤维素与N-异丙基丙烯酰胺的接枝反应.通过红外光谱和1H-NMR谱证明了接枝反应是成功的讨论了单体浓度、引发剂浓度、反应温度对接枝共聚反应的影响。通过差示扫描量热仪和动态激光光散射仪。研究了接枝产物的溶液性质,证明了接枝产物具有温敏性。     

羟丙基甲基纤维素的接枝共聚及其在复合材料中的应用研究

在水溶液中以KMnO4／草酸／硫酸(氧化-还原引发体系)引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯在羟丙基甲基纤维素上的乳液接枝共聚。研究了引发剂组成、反应温度、反应介质的H^ 浓度等对接枝率的影响。结果表明：反应温度和引发剂组成对接枝率有显著影响。接枝纤维素经IR和DTA表征。用接枝纤维素填充聚氯烯(PVC)所得PVC复合材料的拉伸强度提高了20％。     

木棉纤维接枝聚苯乙烯吸油材料的制备及性能

以过氧化苯甲酰为引发剂,制备了木棉纤维接枝聚苯乙烯吸油材料。考察了引发剂浓度、单体浓度、反应温度和反应时间等因素对吸油材料吸油性能的影响。红外光谱表明苯乙烯接枝到了木棉纤维分子骨架上。在引发剂浓度为1.77 mmol/L、单体浓度为0.16 mol/L、反应温度80°C和反应2 h的条件下,吸油材料有最大的吸油倍率,对...     

4-烯丁氧基-2-羟基丙磺酸钠接枝改性聚乙烯醇的研究

以水为溶剂,过硫酸铵(APS)为引发剂,将4-烯丁氧基-2-羟基丙磺酸钠(AGES)与聚乙烯醇(PVA)进行自由基接枝反应,对改性反应生成物进行分离得到了AGES-g-PVA接枝物。对AGES-g-PVA接枝物用IR、XRD、DTA和TG进行了结构表征。结果表明:随着引发剂浓度增大、AGES用量提高、反应时间延长及反应温度的升高,AGES对PVA接枝率增大。     

淀粉与丙烯酰胺的接枝共聚

本文以木薯淀粉为骨架,以丙烯酰胺为单体,进行淀粉—丙烯酰胺接枝共聚的研究。对接枝共聚过程中引发剂浓度、单体浓度、反应温度、反应时间、介质酸浓度及淀粉糊化温度等因素的影响进行了讨论,寻找接枝共聚的最佳反应条件。     

溶液法马来酸酐接枝氯化聚丙烯的研究

采用溶液法用马来酸酐对氯化聚丙烯接枝改性。考察了反应温度、引发剂浓度、单体浓度、溶剂用量等因素对接枝率的影响，测定了反应前后氯含量的变化。采用FT-IR和DSC对产物进行了表征。     

Polymerization of vinyl monomers initiated by organoaluminium compounds/benzoyl peroxide systems

The free-radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) initiated by systems comprizing benzoyl peroxide (BPO) and different organoaluminium compounds (OACs) has been studied. The influence of the type of OAC, concentration of components of the initiation system, temperature, and time on the reaction yield have been determined. Systems containing BPO and diethylaluminium chloride (Et₂AlCl) have been found to enable us to obtain, in high yields at room temperature, of homopolymers of MMA, methyl acrylate, acrylonitrile (AN), vinyl acetate, and the alternating AN/styrene (St) copolymer; they are, however, not very active in the homopolymerization of St and vinyl chloride. Factors affecting the polymerization yield have been discussed in terms of the mechanism of the reaction between BPO and OACs, reactivity of alkyl radicals formed in these systems, and catalytic effect of OAC in the propagation step.     

Poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate‐co‐N,O‐dimethacryloylhydroxylamine) particles by dispersion polymerization

Poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate‐co‐N,O‐dimethacryloylhydroxylamine) particles were prepared by dispersion polymerization in toluene/2‐methylpropan‐1‐ol medium using cellulose acetate butyrate and dibenzoyl peroxide (BPO) as a steric stabilizer and initiator, respectively. The particle size was reduced with decreasing solvency of the reaction medium (more nuclei were generated) because the critical chain length of the precipitated oligomers decreased with an increasing toluene content, which is a poorer solvent for the polymer than 2‐methylpropan‐1‐ol. There is an optimum initiator concentration (2 wt % BPO relative to monomers) for producing low‐polydispersity particles under given conditions. Additionally, discrete spherical particles were obtained at a low monomer concentration and/or higher polymerization temperature. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 1625–1632, 2002     

过氧化物引发交联聚ε-己内酯的研究

以过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂,对聚ε-己内酯(PCL)进行交联,研究了过氧化物含量,交联温度和交联时间对交联反应的影响,较高的交联温度可以提高BPO引发交联反应的速率.采用DSC、WAXD和DMA等方法对交联后聚ε-己内酯的结晶行为、玻璃化转变、力学性能及其生物降解特性进行了研究.结果表明,交联PCL的结晶度下降,熔点降低,玻璃化转变温度降低,但结晶温度有所提高.交联PCL的断裂伸长率和杨氏模量均下降.但是仍具有完全的生物降解能力.     

Kinetics and mechanism of the reaction of Cr(II) aqua ions with benzoylpyridine N-oxide

Aqueous chromium(II) ions, Cr(aq)(2+), react with benzoylpyridine oxide (BPO) much more rapidly than with other pyridine N-oxides previously explored. The kinetics were studied under pseudo-first order conditions with either reagent in excess. Under both sets of conditions, the major kinetic term exhibits first order dependence on limiting reagent, and second order dependence on excess reagent, i.e.k(Cr) = k2(Cr)[BPO][Cr(aq)(2+)]2 (excess Cr(aq)(2+)), and k(BPO) = k2(BPO)[Cr(aq)(2+)][BPO](2) (excess BPO), where k2(Cr) = (6.90 +/- 0.27) x 10(4) M(-2) s(-1) and k2(BPO) = (3.32 +/- 0.28) x 10(5) M(-2) s(-1) in 0.10 M HClO4. The rate constant k2(Cr) contains terms corresponding to [H+]-independent and [H+]-catalyzed paths. In the proposed mechanism, the initially formed Cr(aq)(BPO)(2+) engages in parallel oxidation of Cr(aq)(2+) and reduction of BPO. The latter reaction provides the basis for a convenient new preparative route for the BPO complex of Cr(III).     

Thermal runaway reaction evaluation of benzoyl peroxide using calorimetric approaches

Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) has been used as initiator or medicine in the chemical industries. Several thermal runaway reactions, fires, and explosions have occurred in Taiwan due to its thermal reactivity and explosive properties. A serious accident was analyzed occurring at Fu-Kao Chemical Plant in Taiwan because of runaway reaction in a batch reactor including methyl acrylate (MA), acrylic acid (AA), and BPO. This accident resulted in one death and more than 100 injuries. Differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry (TG) were used to investigate and calculate the thermal hazard and safety parameter of BPO. Finally, the effects of MA and AA mixed with BPO by DSC/TG were analyzed in this study. The T ₀ of BPO was 109 °C in this study. Therefore, the T ₀ of BPO/MA was calculated to be 105 °C by DSC. AA and MA were identified as catalyst for thermal decomposition of BPO.     

含胺基功能性单体的聚合研究——ⅩⅦ.N-(4-二甲氨基苯基)马来酰亚胺的聚合及其光化学行为

关于在同一分子中既含有给电子生色基团又含有受电子碳碳双键基的单体的合成、聚合及它们的光化学行为,我们所报道过的多是一元不饱和羧酸的衍生物。本文报道含有给电子生色基因的1,2-不饱和二元羧酸类单体N-(4-二甲氨基苯基)马来酰亚胺(DMAPMI)的合成、聚合及其光化学行为。     

含胺基功能性单体的聚合研究——ⅩⅦ.N-(4-二甲氨基苯基)马来酰亚胺的聚合及其光化学行为

N-(p-Dimethylaminophenyl)maleimide (DMAPMI) was synthesized and copolymerized with vinyl acetate. The photochemical behavior of DMAPMI and its polymer was studied. It was found that the intensity of monomer was lower than that of its copolymer due to the structural self-quenching effect as we have reported previously. The relationship between Stern-Volmer constant and 'e' value of quenchers was discussed. DMAPMI could act as both of a photosensitizer for vinyl polymerization upon UV irradiation and a component of redox initiation system by combining with BPO to initiate the vinyl thermo-polymerization.     

磺化聚醚砜/磷酸硼复合质子交换膜的制备与性能

采用sol-gel法成功制备了一系列有望用于高温质子交换膜燃料电池的新型磺化聚醚砜(SPES)/磷酸硼(BPO4)复合膜, 并经热重分析(TGA)-傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)联用技术、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等对膜的结构和性能进行了表征. 结果表明, 复合膜较纯SPES膜具有更高的热稳定性和玻璃化转变温度, 较低的溶胀性及较高的氧化稳定性; SEM图片显示BPO4在聚合物基体中的分布十分均匀, 这将有利于连续质子传输通道的形成; 复合膜的质子传导率随BPO4含量的增加而增加, 当温度超过120 ℃后, 复合膜仍保持着较高的质子传导率, 这表明该复合膜在高温质子交换膜燃料电池中具有良好的应用前景.     

Carbon dot-based fluorescent and colorimetric sensor for sensitive and selective visual detection of benzoyl peroxide

Benzoyl peroxide(BPO) has been added in wheat flour because of its bleaching effect. However, the abnormal used BPO has caused increasing concern due to its strong oxidization capability which may have adverse effects on living organisms. Herein, we present a carbon dot(CD)-based fluorescent and colorimetric probe for visually, sensitively and selectively sensing BPO. The addition of BPO could quench the red fluorescence of CDs peaked at 622 and 677 nm, and decrease the absorbance at 613 nm, whi...     

PMMA/nano-SiO2纳米复合材料的制备和表征

PMMA/nano-SiO2纳米复合材料的制备和表征;二氧化硅;聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯;溶液聚合