高效液相色谱-大气压化学电离-串联质谱法同时测定动物源食品中复硝酚钠的3种组分

复硝酚钠(SNP)是一种生长调节剂,在我国动物源食品检测中被列为禁用药物。由于复硝酚钠痕量分析方法不成熟,至今尚无标准检测方法,因此建立复硝酚钠中3种组分(5-硝基愈创木酚钠、对硝基酚钠和邻硝基酚钠)同时检测的方法对我国动物源食品中复硝酚钠残留水平的控制、检测标准的制定和政府相应管理措施的实行采取具有一定的理论和现实意义并兼具创新性。研究建立了高效液相色谱-大气压化学电离-串联质谱(HPLC-APCI-MS/MS)对猪肉、鸡肉、鱼肉和肝脏中复硝酚钠3种组分残留量的检测方法。样品采用氢氧化钠溶液提取,用盐酸调节pH值为酸性后,加氯化钠使溶液饱和,再用乙腈溶液反萃两次后,合并上清液并加入饱和氯化钠溶液,再经正己烷液液萃取除脂后吸出中间乙腈层,浓缩并定容后,以甲醇-水溶液作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用CORTECT C₁₈色谱柱分离,大气压化学电离,在多反应监测(MRM)负离子模式下测定,外标法定量分析。5-硝基愈创木酚钠、对硝基酚钠和邻硝基酚钠分别在0.5~10、1.0~20和2.5~50 μg/L范围内线性良好,定量限分别为1.0、2.0和5.0 μg/kg,在定量限、2倍定量限和10倍定量限加标水平上的回收率分别为81.5%~98.4%、81.5%~102%和81.4%~95.1%,相对标准偏差分别为1.51%~5.98%、1.10%~8.85%和0.91%~8.61%(n=6),均符合要求,能够满足动物源食品中复硝酚钠残留量的检测要求。     

同位素稀释-气相色谱三重四极杆质谱法测定水性内墙涂料中的苯酚与氯代苯酚防霉杀菌剂

建立了同位素稀释-气相色谱串联三重四极杆质谱(GC-MS/MS)测定水性内墙涂料中苯酚及氯代苯酚(2-氯苯酚、2,4-二氯苯酚、2,4,6-三氯苯酚、2,3,4,6-四氯苯酚、五氯苯酚、邻苯基苯酚和六氯芬)防霉杀菌剂的方法。样品加入同位素内标,经甲醇超声提取,乙酸酐衍生后正己烷提取,采用GC-MS/MS测定,内标法定量,方法检出限均为0.005 mg/kg。目标物在0.02~1 mg/kg范围内线性良好,相关系数大于0.99,添加回收率为75.3%~107.6%,相对标准偏差为4.3%~14%。方法可以满足以丙烯酸、聚醋酸乙烯-丙烯酸和聚苯乙烯-丙烯酸为基材的水性内墙涂料中氯酚类防霉杀菌剂残留的检测要求。     

高效液相色谱法测定复硝酚钠的三种组分

提出了高效液相色谱法同时测定植物激素复硝酚钠的3个组分,5-硝基愈创木酚钠、邻硝基苯酚钠、对硝基苯酚钠含量的方法。以Hypersil BDS C_(18)(200mm×4.6mm,5μm)色谱柱为分离柱,以甲醇-水(55+45)溶液为流动相,用二极管阵列检测器在235nm波长处测定。3个组分的质量浓度均在5～300 mg·L~(-1)之间与其峰面积呈线性关系。标准加入法测得回收率在99.5%～101.7%之间。加入50 mg·L~(-1)上述3个组分的混合标准溶液对方法的精密度进行试验,测得其相对标准偏差(n=6)依次为0.46%,0.37%,0.53%。     

超高效液相色谱–串联质谱法同时测定露酒中伐地那非、西地那非和他达拉非含量

以甲醇提取样品,采用超高效液相色谱–串联质谱(UPLC–MS/MS)法同时测定露酒中西地那非、伐地那非和他达拉非。以甲醇–0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相,质谱采用电喷雾ESI+扫描模式,通过多反应监测模式进行定性及定量分析。伐地那非、西地那非和他达拉非的线性范围均为5~1 000μg/L,检出限均为0.001 mg/kg,线性相关系数均大于0.999。实际样品中伐地那非、西地那非、他达拉非的加标回收率分别为91.0%~96.0%,92.0%~96.0%,89.5%~92.4%。测定结果的相对标准偏差均小于2%(n=6)。该方法操作简单、快捷,精密度、回收率高,适用于露酒中伐地那非、西地那非和他达拉非的含量分析。     

气相色谱-质谱联用法测定纺织品中2-正辛基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮等5种防腐剂

建立了气相色谱-质谱联用法测定纺织品中2-正辛基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮(OIT)、4-氯-3-甲基苯酚(PCMC),2,4,6-三溴苯酚(2,4,6-TBP),2,6-二甲基苯酚(2,6-DMP)、对苯基苯酚(PPP)等5种防腐剂的方法。样品采用甲醇超声提取,提取液浓缩定容后,经DB-5MS石英毛细管柱分离,进行气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析,全扫描定性,选择离子定量。OIT、2,4,6-TBP、2,6-DMP的线性范围为0.3~20μg/m L,r≥0.9991,检出限为0.3 mg/kg;PCMC,PPP的线性范围为0.15~10μg/m L,r≥0.9993,检出限为0.15 mg/kg。5种防腐剂的回收率为72.7%~110%,RSD≤8.4%(n=6)。     

长江沿岸某化工园区土壤、底泥中酚类化合物的污染现状

建立了同时测定土壤（底泥）样品中12种酚类化合物的检测方法。采用加速溶剂萃取（ASE）与凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）协同净化进行前处理,气相色谱和质谱联用技术（GC-MS）进行定性定量分析。方法检出限为0.410~13.1 μg/kg（干重）,回收率在70.7%~122%之间,相对标准偏差（RSD）为1.2%~16%。基于上述分析方法研究了长江沿岸某化工园区土壤及长江底泥中12种酚类化合物的污染水平。17个土壤样品和7个底泥样品中除对苯二酚外的11种酚类化合物均有检出。土壤和底泥中酚类污染物总含量范围分别为10.16~30.66 mg/kg和18.00~29.83 mg/kg,平均含量分别为18.26 mg/kg和22.51 mg/kg。土壤和底泥中最主要的酚类污染物为4-硝基苯酚和4-氯-3-甲酚,其次为邻氯对苯二酚、4,6-二硝基邻甲基苯酚和2,4,6-三氯酚。该化工园区周边土壤及长江底泥中12种酚类污染物污染水平较低、环境风险较小。     

QuEChERS-UHPLC-MS/MS法测定烟草中硝苯菌酯EI北大核心CSCD

建立了Qu ECh ERS-UPLC-MS/MS测定烟草中硝苯菌酯(2,4-DNOPC)残留的方法。烟草样品采用改进的Qu ECh ERS技术提取,在碱性条件下超声水解后进样分析,采用负离子多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,通过测定2,4-DNOPC相应的水解产物2,4-二硝基-6-(1-甲基庚基)苯酚(2,4-DNOP)来计算烟草中硝苯菌酯残留量。结果表明,2,4-DNOPC质量浓度在0.001~0.5 mg/L范围线性关系良好,相关系数(r2)大于0.999,检出限为3μg/kg,2,4-DNOPC在烟草中的回收率为92.4%~100.5%,RSD为2.5%~3.3%。方法适用于烟草中硝苯菌酯残留量的检测。     

QuEChERS-UHPLC-MS/MS法测定烟草中硝苯菌酯

建立了Qu ECh ERS-UPLC-MS/MS测定烟草中硝苯菌酯(2,4-DNOPC)残留的方法。烟草样品采用改进的Qu ECh ERS技术提取,在碱性条件下超声水解后进样分析,采用负离子多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,通过测定2,4-DNOPC相应的水解产物2,4-二硝基-6-(1-甲基庚基)苯酚(2,4-DNOP)来计算烟草中硝苯菌酯残留量。结果表明,2,4-DNOPC质量浓度在0.001~0.5 mg/L范围线性关系良好,相关系数(r2)大于0.999,检出限为3μg/kg,2,4-DNOPC在烟草中的回收率为92.4%~100.5%,RSD为2.5%~3.3%。方法适用于烟草中硝苯菌酯残留量的检测。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定木材中的五氯苯酚

建立采用气相色谱–质谱法检测木材中五氯苯酚含量的方法。用甲醇为萃取溶剂超声提取木材中五氯苯酚,以气相色谱–质谱仪进行定量分析。五氯苯酚的质量浓度X在0.025～2.0 mg/L范围内与其色谱峰面积Y呈良好的线性关系,线性回归方为Y=394.4X–8 435,线性相关系数r~2为0.999,检出限为0.03 mg/kg。在20,40,125μg/L加标水平下,样品加标回收率为94.1%～101.8%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.90%～2.13%(n=6)。该方法的样品前处理简单,不需要衍生化,具有较高的准确度与精密度,可用于木材中五氯苯酚的测定。     

ICP–MS法测定食品接触纸制品中铬、镍、砷、镉、铅、汞

建立电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP–MS)测定食品接触纸制品中铬、镍、砷、镉、铅、汞6种重金属含量的方法。样品经微波消解处理后用ICP–MS进行测定,内标法定量。在优化实验条件下,测定汞元素的线性范围在0~10μg/L之间,测定铅、镉、铬、镍、砷元素的线性范围在0~100μg/L之间,相关系数均大于0.999。各元素的检出限为0.001~0.1 mg/kg,加标回收率为89.3%~116.0%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为3.5%~7.9%(n=6)。该方法样品处理简单,检测灵敏度高,适用于食品接触纸制品中铬、镍、砷、镉、铅、汞的检测。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.