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介孔二氧化锆分子筛的合成机理述评 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
MCM-41介孔分子筛的成功开发,不仅打破了微孔分子筛在吸附、择形催化、吸附分离等领域的应用局限性,而且拓宽了新型材料的制备途径.它使人们在材料合成中由过去仅有的经典单分子作用机制,拓展到多分子的液晶模板机理,即超分子自组装过程.由此可以清楚地看到介孔分子筛的开发为人们探索新材料、新结构提供了另一途径,即引入表面活性剂胶束/液晶导向结构. 相似文献
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STM实验发现长链烷烃分子能够改善多种有机分子的吸附性能,本文利用CVFF力场对长链烷烃与石墨吸附体系进行了分子力学模拟,用半经验ZINDO/1,AM1方法对烷基取代酞菁和卟啉的STM形貌反差机制进行了研究。理论计算表明,长链烷烃分子与基底的吸附作用增强了分子的吸附稳定性,而烷烃分子间的二维结晶作用使取代酞菁和卟啉分子形成密排的二维有序结构。前线轨道电子密度和STM实验结果比较证明,分子核部分的电子性质和烷基部分的几何结构决定了取代酞菁和卟啉分子的STM形貌反差。 相似文献
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液晶嵌段共聚物PET/60PHB-b-PC的合成及结构与性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用PET齐聚物的原位乙酰化法通过加入少量乙二醇(EG)合成了端羟基液晶聚合物PET/60PHB,并将其作为大单体,与双酚A及碳酸二苯酯通过熔融酯交换法,进一步制得了液晶嵌段共聚物PET/60PHB b PC.研究了合成规律,并借助粘度测定、DSC、偏光显微镜、X 光衍射和红外光谱分析等手段对合成的液晶嵌段共聚物进行了表征.研究表明,当PET齐聚物的ηinh=005~007dL/g,Ac2O/PHB(mol/mol)=13,EG/PET(mol/mol)=006时能获得颜色、液晶性、溶解性均很好的端羟基液晶聚合物PET/60PHB,以此液晶聚合物为原料,采用合适的配方与工艺,能获得粘度较高、液晶性较好,并且熔体流动性很好的液晶嵌段共聚物PET/60PHB b PC.通过偏光显微镜与X 光衍射观察,证明此嵌段共聚物呈现向列型液晶织构,但其液晶态织构与纯PET/60PHB、PET/60PHB和PC的混合物明显不同.此外,还初步建立了用红外的分析手段鉴定液晶聚合物PET/60PHB端基的方法. 相似文献
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载体对负载型TiO2催化剂光催化性能的影响 总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22
以活性碳(AC)和镁铝尖晶石(MA)为载体,采用真空吸附水解法制备了负载型光催化剂TiO2/AC和TiO2/MA,并采用TiO2溶胶负载法制备了活性碳负载催化剂TiO2(C)/AC.以氯仿为探针分子研究了其在催化剂上的吸附及光催化降解反应性能.结果表明,催化剂的制备方法、TiO2负载量与载体的吸附性能对光催化活性有明显的影响.通过优化制备条件,TiO2/AC催化剂的催化活性可提高到纳米TiO2的2.5倍.氯仿在AC上的饱和吸附量较高,但吸附强度较弱;在纳米TiO2上的吸附情况则正好相反.氯仿在AC和TiO2上吸附性质的差异有利于吸附在TiO2/AC上的氯仿分子从活性碳载体向TiO2光催化活性中心迁移.镁铝尖晶石载体对光催化反应没有明显的促进作用,与其基本上不吸附氯仿分子有关.与TiO2胶体负载法相比,真空吸附水解法是一种较好的负载型TiO2光催化剂制备方法. 相似文献
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对于固液界面分子行为的研究在以下几个方面有着重要意义,如对润滑和吸附的更深入的了解、液晶在表面的取向、界面的分子的识别现象、催化、电荷及物质在超薄有机层中的传输等。从理论角度来说,单分子层的有序性也是人们非常感兴趣的课题。扫描隧道显微镜(STM)是80年代初发展起来的一种新型表面分析工具,对于单分子 相似文献
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乳状液广泛用干工、农业、医药、食品与化妆品生产中.近年来,许多研究集中在如何制备颗粒细小、均匀的乳状液方面.用通常的机械法制备细小乳状液,需要较昂贵的设备和消耗较多能量,其颗粒分布仍不够均匀.近来,一些研究发现,有可能采用物理化学方法,而不需乳化机械,只要选用合适的乳化剂,在轻微的搅拌下,可制得颗粒细小而均匀的微小乳状液[1,2].我们在采用反相乳化法和自发形成O/W型微小乳状液的研究中发现,在自发乳化的中间过程中常有液晶棺和粘稠的胶状物形成[3,4].有关液晶对乳状液的稳定作用前人有过较多研究[5],但在… 相似文献
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Scanningtunnelingmicroscope(STM)hasrecentlybeenappliedtothestudyoftheadsorptionoforganicandbiologicalmoleculesinvariousenvironments,includingliquidcrystal(LC),onsurface.Inparticular,4_n_alkyl4′cyanobiphenyls(mCB,wheremisthenumberofcarbonsinthealkylgroup)on… 相似文献
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Yin XL Birkner A Hänel K Löber T Köhler U Wöll C 《Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP》2006,8(13):1477-1481
The adsorption of atomic hydrogen on a single crystal ZnO(1010) surface has been studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) under ultrahigh vacuum conditions at room temperature and at elevated temperatures. High resolution STM images indicate that a well-ordered (1x1) H adlayer is formed on the ZnO(1010) surface. The STM data strongly indicate that the hydrogen adsorbs on top of the oxygen atoms forming hydroxyl species. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) studies reveal a H atom induced metallization at room temperature. In contrast to the clean surface for the hydrogen-covered surface distinct defects structures consisting of missing O and Zn atoms could be identified. 相似文献
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Jeon SM Jung SJ Lim do K Kim HD Lee H Kim S 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2006,128(19):6296-6297
The adsorption of thiophene on Ge(100) has been studied using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), high-resolution core-level photoemission spectroscopy (HRPES), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Until now, thiophene is known to react with the Ge(100) dimer through a [4 + 2] cycloaddition reaction at room temperature, similar to the case of thiophene on Si(100). However, we found that thiophene has two adsorption geometries on Ge(100) at room temperature, such as a kinetically favorable Ge-S dative bonding configuration and a thermodynamically stable [4 + 2] cycloaddition adduct. Moreover, our STM results show that under 0.25 ML thiophene molecules preferentially produce one-dimensional molecular chain structures on Ge(100) via the Ge-S dative bonding configuration. 相似文献
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Merz L Güntherodt HJ Scherer LJ Constable EC Housecroft CE Neuburger M Hermann BA 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2005,11(8):2307-2318
A detailed STM study of monolayers of 3,5-bis[(3,5-bisoctyloxyphenyl)methyloxy]benzaldehyde and 3,5-bis[(3,5-bisoctyloxyphenyl)methyloxy]benzyl alcohol adsorbed on graphite is presented. Very highly resolved scanning tunnelling microscopy images are observed at room temperature in air allowing the analysis of the conformation of the adsorbed molecules. These long-chain alkyl-decorated Fréchet-type dendrons are a powerful assembly motif and initially form a pattern based on trimeric units, assembled into hexagonal host structures with a pseudo-unit cell of seven molecules, one of which remains highly mobile. Over time, the supramolecular ordering changes from a trimeric into a dimeric pattern. The chirality arising from the adsorption onto a surface of the dendrons is discussed. 相似文献
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Schofield SR Curson NJ Warschkow O Marks NA Wilson HF Simmons MY Smith PV Radny MW McKenzie DR Clark RG 《The journal of physical chemistry. B》2006,110(7):3173-3179
A detailed atomic-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and density functional theory study of the adsorption, dissociation, and surface diffusion of phosphine (PH(3)) on Si(001) is presented. Adsorbate coverages from approximately 0.01 monolayer to saturation are investigated, and adsorption is performed at room temperature and 120 K. It is shown that PH(3) dissociates upon adsorption to Si(001) at room temperature to produce both PH(2) + H and PH + 2H. These appear in atomic-resolution STM images as features asymmetric-about and centered-upon the dimer rows, respectively. The ratio of PH(2) to PH is a function of both dose rate and temperature, and the dissociation of PH(2) to PH occurs on a time scale of minutes at room temperature. Time-resolved in situ STM observations of these adsorbates show the surface diffusion of PH(2) adsorbates (mediated by its lone pair electrons) and the dissociation of PH(2) to PH. The surface diffusion of PH(2) results in the formation of hemihydride dimers on low-dosed Si(001) surfaces and the ordering of PH molecules along dimer rows at saturation coverages. The observations presented here have important implications for the fabrication of atomic-scale P dopant structures in Si, and the methodology is applicable to other emerging areas of nanotechnology, such as molecular electronics, where unambiguous molecular identification using STM is necessary. 相似文献
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Cañas-Ventura ME Klappenberger F Clair S Pons S Kern K Brune H Strunskus T Wöll Ch Fasel R Barth JV 《The Journal of chemical physics》2006,125(18):184710
The adsorption of terephthalic acid [C(6)H(4)(COOH)(2), TPA] on a Pd(111) surface has been investigated by means of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy under ultrahigh vacuum conditions at room temperature. We find the coexistence of one- (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) molecular ordering. Our analysis indicates that the 1D phase consists of intact TPA chains stabilized by a dimerization of the self-complementary carboxyl groups, whereas in the 2D phase, consisting of deprotonated entities, the molecules form lateral ionic hydrogen bonds. The supramolecular growth dynamics and the resulting structures are explained by a self-limiting deprotonation process mediated by the catalytic activity of the Pd surface. Our models for the molecular ordering are supported by molecular mechanics calculations and a simulation of high resolution STM images. 相似文献
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Shanchao Tan Jiayu Tao Wendi Luo Hao Jiang Yuhong Liu Haijun Xu Qingdao Zeng Hongyu Shi 《中国化学快报》2021,32(3):1149-1152
Functional groups in the molecule play an important role in the molecular o rganization process.To reveal the influence of functional groups on the self-assembly at interface,herein,the self-assembly structures of three liquid crystal molecules,which only differ in the functional groups,are explicitly characterized by using scanning tunneling microscopy(STM).The high-resolution STM images demonstrate the difference between the supramolecular assembly structures of three liquid crystal molecules,which attribute to the hydrogen bonding interaction and π-π stacking interaction between different functional groups.The density functional theory(DFT) results also confirm the influence of these functional groups on the self-assemblies.The effort on the self-assembly of liquid crystal molecules at interface could enhance the understanding of the supramolecular assembly mechanism and benefit the further application of liquid crystals. 相似文献
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Choi Y Jeong Y Chung H Ito E Hara M Noh J 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2008,24(1):91-96
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) were formed by the spontaneous adsorption of octythiocyanate (OTC) on Au(111) using both solution and ambient-pressure vapor deposition methods at room temperature and 50 degrees C. The surface structures and adsorption characteristics of the OTC SAMs on Au(111) were characterized by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The STM observation showed that OTC SAMs formed in solution at room temperature have unique surface structures including the formation of ordered and disordered domains, vacancy islands, and structural defects. Moreover, we revealed for the first time that the adsorption of OTC on Au(111) in solution at 50 degrees C led to the formation of SAMs containing small ordered domains, whereas the SAMs formed by vapor deposition at 50 degrees C had long-range ordered domains, which can be described as (radical3 x 2 radical19)R5 degrees structures. XPS measurements of the peaks in the S 2p and N 1s regions for the OTC SAMs showed that vapor deposition is the more effective method as compared to solution deposition for obtaining high-quality SAMs by adsorption of OTC on gold. The results obtained will be very useful in understanding the SAM formation of organic thiocyanates on gold surfaces. 相似文献