含氟/硅丙烯酸酯乳液的合成进展

含氟丙烯酸酯聚合物具有良好的成膜性、光泽性、柔韧性、耐污性及耐腐蚀性,广泛应用于防腐耐候涂料。但其对基体的附着性差,对颜料、填料的润湿性差,不耐低温,加之含氟丙烯酸酯单体价格昂贵,大量使用受到限制。含氟/硅丙烯酸酯共聚物不仅兼备了含氟聚合物的诸多优良性能,而且能有效地提高与基体的附着力并降低聚合物成本。本文综述了氟/硅改性丙烯酸酯乳液常用单体;核壳型乳胶粒的结构及影响因素;氟/硅丙烯酸酯共聚物合成路线。     

“梳形”含氟功能聚合物的构建与应用

含氟化合物因具耐热性、耐化学性和低表面能等优异性能,在设计具有特殊功能和特定化学物理性质的功能聚合物时展现出优秀的特性。然而目前大部分含氟聚合物仍是通过传统的自由基聚合获得,难以对聚合物的聚合过程进行调控,导致具有新型结构的含氟聚合物的构建较为困难。随着可控/活性自由基聚合方法的发展,如原子转移自由基聚合(atom transfer radical polymerization, ATRP),可逆加成-断裂链转移聚合(rever-sible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization, RAFT)和开环易位聚合(ring opening metathesis poly-merization, ROMP)等,构建新型结构的含氟聚合物成为可能。通过对含氟聚合物的聚合过程和结构的精准控制,结合“grafting-from”、“grafting-to”和“grafting-through”三种接枝方法可得到“梳形”结构的含氟聚合物。由于含氟链段的高温自迁移性,将含氟链段作为“梳段”,使其具有独特的物理化学性质,在光电、生物医药等高端...     

含氟/硅丙烯酸酯核壳型乳液的合成及性能

采用半连续种子乳液聚合法, 在十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)/辛基苯基聚氧乙烯醚(TX-10)复合乳化剂的作用下, 合成了以丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为核, 以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯(DFHMA)、3-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(MPTMS)和甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)为壳的核壳型含氟/硅丙烯酸酯聚合物乳液. 利用FTIR, TEM, SEM-EDX和DSC等手段对乳液组成、乳胶粒子结构、膜表面及断面形态等进行了表征, 讨论了氟/硅含量对聚合物膜性能的影响. 结果表明, 核-壳粒子尺寸为20~30 nm, 乳液膜的性能与膜表面氟和硅的含量及相容性有较大的相关性, 当m(氟)∶m(硅单体)=3∶1时, 形成的膜均匀透明, 吸水率较低, 尺寸稳定性较好.     

涂料用含氟聚合物乳液的研究和应用

含氟聚合物乳液因具有优异的表面特性、耐候性和环境友好性,可望在高耐候涂料和特殊性能涂料领域获得广东的应用。本文对含氟聚合物乳液的制血、性能、应用以及聚合物结构与性能间的关系进行了较详细的综述。     

含氟聚合物乳液的研制及应用

综述含氟聚合物乳液的合成方法及应用,介绍了国外在此领域的研究现状。     

含氟的聚合物及其应用

综述含氟聚合物的各种性能和一些新型的合成及复合技术。得出加工、二次加工及产品材料缺陷的改善，成为从各方面确定其高附加价值的稀量指，从而可使含氟聚合物材料的多种功能性最大限度地得到发挥。     

低分子量含氟聚合物的制备、官能化及特性

低分子量含氟聚合物是重要的新型功能材料,在国防工业中占有特殊地位。同时,作为高科技战略物资,近年来逐渐成为研究热点。本文对低分子量含氟聚合物的制备方法、官能化及特性进行了综述,重点介绍了低分子量含氟聚合物的制备和官能化方法的研究进展,并总结和详细介绍了低分子量含氟聚合物的特性,最后对该领域的前景和发展方向进行了展望。     

低表面能侧基含氟聚合物*

含氟聚合物材料具有优异的热稳定性、极低的表面能、强化学稳定性和生物相容性等,在功能涂料、织物整理、微电子、汽车以及航空航天等领域具有很好的应用前景。本文综述了侧基含氟聚合物的主链、全氟烷基链、主链与全氟烷基链段间连接基团的结构对聚合物表面性能的影响,并总结了环境友好型低表面能侧基含氟聚合物的研究进展。     

一些含氟单体的合成及其聚合反应的初步研究

合成了含氟单体3-氧杂全氟戊烷-1,5-二磺酰溴(3),N-烯丙基-2-(ω-碘-n-全氟烷氧基)-1,1,2,2-四氟乙磺酰胺(16～18).初步研究了含氟单体3与非共轭二烯的聚合反应、连二亚硫酸钠引发的含氟单体16～18的聚合反应以及α,ω-全氟烷基二碘代烷22,23与非共轭端二烯的聚合反应,得到了相应的含氟聚合物或寡聚物.     

光固化含氟聚合物的合成进展

综述了自由基光固化和阳离子光固化含氟聚合物的合成进展,并对其进行了讨论.     

聚合物科学进展

本文对2011~2013年我国高分子科学重要研究进展进行了综述。全文分为高分子化学、响应性高分子、高分子物理、高分子组装、超分子聚合物、光电功能聚合物、生物医用高分子、石墨烯/聚合物复合体系、聚合物杂化体系和高分子工程等10部分。近年我国内地学者发表的高分子领域研究论文总量跃居世界第一,论文引用数跃居第二,在诸多分支领域中学科发展水平大幅提高,达到或接近国际水平的研究成果快速增多,国际影响力逐年提高。我国高分子学者通过基础研究,为高分子工业技术水平提升和创新也做出了许多贡献。本文还对本学科前沿、发展趋势进行了介绍与展望。文中共引用了227篇参考文献。     

生物催化在高分子合成中的应用

生物催化剂已被越来越多地用于高分子学中,产生了许多新的反应、工艺和商业用途.酶和全细胞工艺都引起了众多关注,生物催化剂的立体选择性是它们的主要优势之一,新的或改良的方法层出不穷.生物催化的进程主要集中在几个方面上:聚合反应、聚合物修饰反应、聚合物降解反应以及单体和低聚物的合成.在这篇文章中,我们总结了生物催化在高分子合成中的最新应用.     

The effect of different stabilizers on the formation of self‐assembled porous film via the breath‐figure technique

The Breath‐Figure technique was employed to imprint honeycomb structures in the polymer films via the condensation of water vapor on the surface of an evaporating polymer solution. Generally, the condensed water droplets can be stabilized by an end‐functional polymer or by particles added to the polymer solution. In this study, we carried out a systematic experiment on the effect of different stabilizers on the porous honeycomb structure under identical physical conditions. The end‐functional polymer produced a large area of regular spherical bubbles, whereas adding particles to the polymer solution leads to smaller arrays of the flattened bottom bubbles. The separation length between pores was larger for polymer/particle sample than that of the end‐functional polymer films. In the regular area of polymer/particle film many bubbles were not decorated by particles. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 49: 1430–1436, 2011     

Characterizing polymers with heterogeneous micro‐ and macrostructures

The potentially extreme heterogeneity of polymer micro‐ and macrostructures has been demonstrated and a means for characterizing them has been suggested. To ensure that all possible microstructures, such as diad stereosequences in vinyl homopolymers and monomer sequences in copolymers, including their locations along polymer chains, that is, all macrostructures, are represented, it became necessary to generate samples with huge quantities (many many tons) of constituent polymer chains. This suggested a practical need for distinguishing between polymer samples with chains that have homogeneous and heterogeneous populations of micro‐ and macrostructures. A combination of high resolution ¹³C‐nuclear magnetic resonance to determine the types and amounts of constituent short‐range microstructures, and dilute solution electrical birefringence or Kerr effect measurements to locate them along the polymer chains has been suggested, and may be able to achieve this distinction. This combination of techniques is required to reduce the innumerably large numbers of different possible polymer macrostructres whose Kerr constants would have to be calculated, for comparison to the observed values. The ability to determine polymer macrostructures is critical to the development of relevant, more meaningful, and therefore, improved structure–property relations for polymer materials. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2015 , 53, 409–414     

硅氧烷基聚合物电解质*

聚合物锂离子电池的核心技术是研制高离子传导率、适宜机械性能以及化学和电化学性能稳定的聚合物电解质材料。在众多寻求高性能聚合物电解质的研究工作中,由于硅氧烷基聚合物电解质具有灵活多样的分子结构设计、易于合成实施、优异的电化学性能和室温电导率等特点,一直是人们关注的热点领域。本文综述了近年来新型硅氧烷基聚合物电解质的设计与合成的研究工作,重点介绍了采用聚硅氧烷嵌段、接枝聚合物通过共混、互穿网络结构、交联网络结构以及无机-有机复合等方法开展的相关聚合物电解质的研究工作。同时也介绍了聚硅氧烷电解质的研究方法和基于聚硅氧烷电解质的应用研究进展。     

树枝化聚合物催化剂的合成与应用

树枝化聚合物具有大量的分子内空腔、密集的表面官能团和纳米尺寸等特点,是均相催化剂的理想载体。树枝化聚合物催化剂结合了均相催化剂和多相催化剂的优点,能使反应在温和条件下达到高活性和高选择性。本文介绍了树枝化聚合物的合成,重点论述了树枝化聚合物催化剂的合成与催化作用,并展望了这类新型催化剂的发展前景。     

聚合物体系拉伸流变行为的表征及研究进展

聚合物的拉伸流动在吹膜、纺丝、热成型等加工中扮演着支配的角色,因此掌握聚合物熔体在拉伸条件下的流动行为对于控制和预测其加工性能具有重要意义。相对于剪切流动,拉伸粘度对于大分子的结构、填充粒子的各向异性、共混物中两相的结构等更加敏感。本文简要介绍了当前用于拉伸流变研究的常用装置及其原理,并举例描述了单一组分聚合物、聚合物纳米复合材料和聚合物共混物等体系拉伸流变研究的现状和成果,最后指出了当前拉伸流变研究领域存在的一些不足之处并进行了展望。     

Polymers as drugs—Advances in therapeutic applications of polymer binding agents

Polymer drugs are those in which a polymer agent has a direct therapeutic effect on the body. A major investigated area of polymer drugs is their use as binding agents, or sequestrants, which can neutralize or remove undesired components from the body. By taking advantage of the unique properties of crosslinked, insoluble polymers, new polymer drugs continue to be developed for oral use, acting in the gastrointestinal tract and excreted in the feces. Soluble polymer binders may be administered by a variety of routes and act at diverse sites of therapeutic action. This article reviews the properties of polymer drugs, particularly sequestrants, with an emphasis on recent advances in polymer properties which may enhance the utility of this class of drugs. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017 , 55, 3146–3157     

Organogelation by polymer organogelators with a L-lysine derivative: formation of a three-dimensional network consisting of supramolecular and conventional polymers

Polymer compounds consisting of a L-lysine derivative and conventional polymers, such as poly(ethylene glycol), polycarbonate, polyesters, and poly(alkylene), have been synthesized and their organogelation properties examined in various solvents. These polymer compounds function as good organogelators that form organogels in many organic solvents and oils. The organogelation ability is almost independent of the polymer backbone. Observation by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) demonstrates that the polymer organogelators form a supramolecular polymer with a diameter of several tens of nanometers and create a three-dimensional network in organogels. FT-IR spectroscopic analysis shows that the supramolecular polymer is mainly formed by the self-assembly of L-lysine segments through hydrogen-bonding and van der Waals interactions. Furthermore, the organogels formed by the polymer organogelators have a lower gel-sol temperature and higher gel strength than those of a low-molecular-weight model organogelator.