尖晶石对β／β″—Al2O3膜相组成和离子导电性的影响

以wag／P”－AI。O。为固体电解质的CO。、SO。、NO。等气体传感器的研究已有很多报道［‘－‘］，多采用的是个AI。O。结构的电解质。AI刀。和p”－AI刃。的结构具有一定的相似性，但后者具有更高的迁移离子浓度和更开放的晶体结构，表现出更好的离子导电性‘’‘．由于卢”－AI。O。为介稳结构，需要加入如Li。O、MgO等作为稳定剂才能稳定存在．以Li对稳定的产”－al。O。烧结较容易，P”－AI。O。相转化率高，但以MsO为稳定剂制备的”－AI刃。其显微结构和抗吸湿性能更为优越．LJLi对和MgO共同稳定的产”－AI。O。可以…     

全日制六年制重点中学高中一年级化学课本编写提纲（求证意见稿）

复习初中学过的重要基础知识和基本技能。（9） （一）摩尔（12）物质的量的单位——摩尔。阿佛加德罗常数。关于摩尔的计算。气体的摩尔体积及其计算。溶液的摩尔浓度及其计算。反应热及其计算。热化学方程式。燃烧热。说明：中和热在高二讲述。     

全日制六年制重点中学单课性选修的高中二、三年级化学课本编写提纲(征求意见稿)

原子核。同位素。电子云。电子层和电子亚层。s电子云和p电子云的图象。d电子,f电子。电子的自旋。H到Kr的电子层排布。原子结构与周期系。     

关于全国化学竞赛（浙江赛区）的调查问卷

说明;问卷可选答,肯定的可在圈中打V或境空。否定的打X。回答问题如空格不够可另外附纸。认为学生参加化学竞赛活动的结果是：①学习动力增强了。②学习兴趣增加了,i牛刀向觉性增加了。④学习情绪高涨了。呈学到的知识总墓地加了。③对化学知识的理解加深了。e对高考试题的应答能力增强了。③高考成功率提高了。o会考不费力了,＠想将来学化学了。＠对中学化学大纲规定的内容的理解能力提高厂。农学到了一些学家的思想方法和工作方法。跨对科学技术对祖国现代化的作用有厂更深刻的认识。D更感到化学是一一／〕似是而北的乏味的科学。⑤…     

氯化反应合成聚甲基氯硅烷的研究

以四氯化碳为氯化剂。利用聚甲基硅烷(PMS)Si-H键的反应活性。在室温条件下即可通过氯化反应制备PCMS。研究发现。随着反应时间的增长。硅氢反应程度增大,所得PCMS的氯含量相应增大。但分子量分布变化不大。PCMS仍保持其离域结构;同时。PMS分子的支化程度越高,氯化反应的速度越快。PCMS的结构以^1H-NMR和^29Si CP MAS-NMR等手段予以表征和确认。初步讨论认为反应属于自由基反应,四氯化碳对Si-H具有较高的选择性。     

不等式在化学中的应用

中学化学中的数字运算有等式和不等式两种。等式属定式、较具体。呈定向思维;不等式属受式、较抽象。呈发散思维。中学生对化学中的等式运算大多能得心应手。但对不等式的化学意义的建立和求解常感陌生。为此设计不等式的应用。对加强学科间联系。启迪发散思维。提高分析和解决问题的能力。无疑很有必要。本文浅析了不等式在中学化学中的常见应用。     

化学情感领域的目标管理教学实践与研究

教育是一复杂的动态系统。涉及多种因素。本文拟从实际出发。通过初中化学情感领域的目标管理教学试验。探索深化学科改革的新途径。以期达到提高基础教育质量的目的。     

编写《初中化学资料索引》初探

随着全国教育改革的步伐。化学科的教学改革也在不断深入。我们从事教研的人员更要及时捕捉新的教改信息。吸取外地的成功经验。研究、学习新的教育教学理论。     

中国古代造酒的化学工艺

酒是人类知道火食以后,最早制造的嗜好品饮料。所以,未开化的国家。也往往有酒。但酒的制法,各国各地不同。古今的酒的制法和气味,也不能一致。我国的酒,依史籍上考证,孟子说:“禹恶旨酒”。战国策是战国时人著的,它也记载说:“仪狄(人名)作酒,禹饮而甘之。曰,后世必有以酒亡其国者。遂疏仪狄而绝旨酒”。可见,夏禹时候已有了酒。而旨酒是美酒,仪狄做的特别美。禹怕给他做的美酒耽误事,所以不愿喝他的酒,和他疏远了。想在仪狄以前,也许早有做酒的,不过史书上没有记载。有人因黄帝素问和神农本草经已载了     

红外导数光谱鉴定铁系复合氧化物中的γ-Fe_(2)O_3

用于丁烯氧化脱氢的铁系复合氧化物催化剂具有复杂的相组成，可能存在着。Fe。O。、1贝。0。、Fe。0。、铁酸盐尖晶石相及尖晶石相之间形成的固溶体，这些相的鉴定对于弄清活性位／相的结构具有本质意义．由于缺乏有效的相结构表征手段，导致对于活性位／相的结构和上述各相所起的作用的观，入歧异．Misono山曾测出7－Fe。O。具有较高的活性，故认为它是该系催化剂的活性相，但XRD难以把7－Fe。O。与其它尖晶石相区分开，因而无法确认它在催化剂中是否存在及起何作用．Gillot门提出了可用红外光谱鉴定了一FeZO。：1－Fe。O。在600～…     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

Effect of the Method of Modification of Zeolite X on Selectivity of Catalytic Methylation of Toluene

Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry - The effect of the method of modification of catalysts based on zeolite X by cesium and magnesium cations (ion exchange and impregnation) on the selectivity...