天然食品甜味剂甘草酸

从甘草中提取的甘草酸是一种高甜度、低热量、安全无毒的非热源性甜味剂,甜度约为蔗糖的200至250倍.甘草酸可用水、稀氨、醇氨等萃取;用硫酸或乙醇等进行精制;用2,4-二硝基苯肼鉴别;可在252nm的波长处紫外分光光度法测定其含量.     

加速溶剂提取-高效液相色谱法测定甘草中甘草酸的含量

采用加速溶剂提取法(ASE)提取甘草中有效成分甘草酸,高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定其含量,探索ASE法提取甘草酸的最佳工艺条件,寻找一种快速、高效测定甘草中甘草酸含量的新方法.结果表明,ASE法提取甘草酸的最佳工艺条件为:提取温度为60℃,提取3次,每次静态提取时间为15 min,提取率高达2.15%.ASE-HPLC法是一种准确、快速测定甘草酸含量的新方法.     

天然食品甜昧剂甘草酸

从甘草中提取的甘草酸是一种高甜度、低热量、安全无毒的非热源性甜味剂,甜度约为蔗糖的200至250倍.甘草酸可用水、稀氨、醇氨等萃取;用硫酸或乙醇等进行精制;用2,4-二硝基苯肼鉴别;可在252 nm的波长处紫外分光光度法测定其含量.     

利用双水相体系的温度诱导效应萃取甘草酸

利用双水相分配技术结合温度诱导效应提取甘草酸，研究甘草酸单铵盐在环氧乙烷－环氧丙烷共聚物（EOPO）／混合磷酸钾（KHP）体系中的分配行为，通过实验确定了最佳体系：EOPO L64浓度为28（wt)%，K2HPO4浓度为32（wt）％。甘草酸单铵盐最大总收率达68.4%，为工业上采用双水相技术提取干草酸提供了一种新途径。     

空化效应在有机废水处理中的应用研究

综述了空化效应的机理及其在有机废水处理中应用的研究进展.介绍了超声降解水中有机污染物的机理、影响超声降解的因素以及超声降解与其它处理方法的联用,评述了射流和涡流空化效应产生的机理及其在有机物处理中的应用,表明射流和涡流空化比超声空化效率更高,并且在处理量上具有明显优势,还对空化效应在有机废水处理中的应用前景作了展望.     

铜铁甘草酸配合物的合成及其抗氧化活性研究

甘草酸(G lycyrrhizic acid)又名甘草皂甙和甘草甜素,是从豆科植物甘草和光甘草的根茎中提取的一种三萜皂甙,是常见中药甘草的主要成分。分子结构如图1所示,其分子中含有的羧基和酮基易与金属离子作用形成配合物[1-5]。图1甘草酸的结构图F ig·1 The structure patterns of gly     

聚合物材料空化效应研究进展

综述了聚合物基材料中的各种空化现象,对橡胶增韧聚合物体系中的空化现象进行了详细讨论.同时讨论了聚合物基材料的形态、结构等因素对空化效应的影响,介绍了各种空化现象的原因及其对材料性能的影响和作用机理.     

甘草酸的电化学行为研究

用循环伏安法、单扫描示波极谱法研究了甘草酸（ｇｌｙｃｙｒｒｈｉｚｉｃ，ＧＡ）在汞电极上的电化学行为及反应机理．证明甘草酸在ｐＨ＝４～１２的缓冲溶液（Ｈ３ＢＯ３＋Ｈ３ＰＯ４＋乙酸＋ＮａＯＨ）中有吸附峰，且示波极谱导数峰值与甘草酸浓度在８．３×１０－５～１．２×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内成正比，使用悬汞电极（ＨＭＤＥ）线性扫描伏安法可使检测下限达２．４×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ．根据实验结果首次提出了甘草酸在汞电极上的反应机理．该机理同时被紫外光谱证明，得到合理解释     

单扫描示波极谱法测定甘草酸

本文报道测定甘草酸的单扫描法波极谱方法，在０．１ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａＡｃ－ＨＡｃ（ｐＨ４．１±０．１）缓冲液中，甘草酸还原波峰电位为－１．３８Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ），峰高与其浓度在２．０×１０＾－６～１．０ ×１０＾－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内有线性关系，检测限为１．２×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。甘氨酸，半胱氨酸等不干扰测定。应用本方法测定强力宁注射液中甘草酸含量，结果令人满意。本文还讨论了电极过程机理。     

原子吸收法在有机分析中的应用（Ⅴ）─甘草及其制品中甘草酸分析法的研究

原子吸收法在有机分析中的应用（Ⅴ）─甘草及其制品中甘草酸分析法的研究郎惠云，谢志海，赵怡（西北大学化学系西安，７１００６９）关键词原子吸收法，有机分析，甘草酸现代医药研究证明，甘草草药理作用的活性成分为甘草甜素或甘草酸，其定量测定方法国内外虽有报导￣...     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.