蜂产品中9种硝基咪唑类药物原药及代谢物残留量的HPLC-APCI(+)MS/MS分析

运用高效液相色谱-大气压电离串联四极杆质谱(HPLC-APCI(+)MS/MS)内标法分析了蜂蜜、蜂王浆及冻干粉中甲硝唑、地美硝唑(二甲硝唑)、替硝唑、洛硝唑(罗硝唑)、特尼哒唑、异丙硝唑,以及羟基化甲硝咪唑、羟基化异丙硝唑、2-羟甲基-1-甲基化-5-硝咪唑9种硝基咪唑类药物残留量.样品添加氘代标示物HMMNI-D3、IPZ-OH-D3后,用乙腈提取,通过Oasis MCX C18 SPE柱净化,Waters Superiorex ODS C18色谱柱分离,采用梯度洗脱,流动相为0.1%甲酸水溶液和0.1%甲酸乙腈溶液,大气压电离源正离子MRM模式检测.蜂蜜和蜂王浆样品的定量下限(LOQ,S/N＞10)为0.5 μg/kg,冻干粉样品的LOQ为1.0 μg/kg.在0.5 ～50.0 μg/L范围内,峰面积与质量浓度呈良好线性,r为0.993 2 ～0.999 5.     

HPLC-APCl（＋）MS／MS分析动物源性食品中的硝基咪唑类药物残留量

运用高效液相色谱-大气压电离串联四极杆质谱（HPLC-APCI（＋）MS／MS）内标法分析动物源性食品中多种硝基咪唑类（nitroimidazoles）药物——甲硝唑（MNZ）、地美硝唑（DMZ）、替硝唑（TNZ）、洛硝唑（RNZ）的含量。样品添加氘代标示物HMMNI—D^3、IPZ—OH—D^3后，用乙腈提取，通过OASIS HLB C18 SPE柱净化，Waters Sunfire C18色谱柱分离，采用梯度洗脱，流动相为0．1％甲酸水溶液和0．1％甲酸乙腈溶液；大气压电离源正离子MRM模式检测：MNZ m／z 172．0／82．1，172．0／128．0；DMZ m／z 142．0／81．1，142．0／96．1；TNZ m／z 248．0／121．0，248．0／93．1；RNZ m／z 201．0／140．0，201．0／110．0；IPZ—OH—D^3m／z189．0／125．0，189．0／171．0；HMMNI—D^3m／z161．0／58．0，161．0／143．1。方法定量下限（LOQ，S／N〉10）0．2μg／kg，在质量浓度0．2—25．0μg/L范围内，峰面积与质量浓度成良好线性（r〉0．9991）。     

基于HPLC-TOF/MS与HPLC-MS/MS的养心氏片主要成分研究

采用高效液相色谱-高分辨飞行时间质谱联用技术(HPLC-TOF/MS),建立了快速鉴定养心氏片化学成分的定性方法,并利用高效液相色谱-串联三重四极杆质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)对养心氏片的主要成分进行定量分析。HPLC-TOF/MS法以ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18(100 mm×3.0 mm,1.8μm)为色谱柱,乙腈-0.1%甲酸为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速为0.2 mL·min~(-1),柱温30℃,质谱采用正、负离子扫描,可推断鉴定养心氏片中的30种成分。HPLC-MS/MS法采用Waters XBridgeBEH C18(150 mm×4.6 mm,2.5μm)为色谱柱,乙腈-0.1%甲酸为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速0.4 mL·min~(-1),柱温30℃,Scheduled MRM正负离子切换监测模式定量分析。对养心氏片中16种主要成分进行HPLC-MS/MS分析,16种成分的质量浓度与峰面积呈良好线性,相关系数r≥0.997,检出限为0.039 1~78.1μg/L,定量下限为0.156~312μg/L,平均加标回收率为96.8%~103.8%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.0%~3.5%。结果表明,该方法操作简便、结果准确、重复性好,可用于养心氏片中多组分的同时定性和定量分析,为养心氏产品的质量控制、药理研究和应用奠定了基础。     

固相萃取纯化-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定尿液中痕量雷公藤红素

提出了尿液中雷公藤红素的高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定方法。尿液样品经Waters Oasis HLB固相萃取柱富集、净化后,以XDB C18反相色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)为分离柱,以0.5 g.L-1乙酸-乙腈(25+75)混合溶液为流动相,以氢化可的松为内标,采用负离子模式大气压化学电离源在多反应监测模式下进行检测,雷公藤红素和内标的定量离子对分别为m/z449/405和m/z419/329。线性范围为0.2~50.0μg.L-1,检出限(3S/N)为0.07μg.L-1。日内精密度(n=6)和日间精密度(n=15)分别小于9.3%和11.4%。     

高效液相色谱-质谱法测定尿液中痕量雷公藤春碱

提出了尿液中雷公藤春碱的高效液相色谱-质谱测定方法。尿液样品经Waters Oasis(MCX固相萃取小柱富集、净化后,以Zorbax Eclipse SB C18反相色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)为分离柱,以乙酸盐缓冲溶液-乙腈(40+60)为流动相,采用正离子模式大气压化学电离源,在选择离子监测模式下进行检测,雷公藤春碱的定量离子质荷比(m/z)为874.4。线性范围为0.2~50.0μg·L-1,检出限(3S/N)为0.07μg·L-1,测定下限(10S/N)为0.2μg·L-1。回收率在86.0%~92.0%之间,日内(n=6)和日间(n=15)相对标准偏差分别小于7.5%和10.5%。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食用植物油中胆固醇含量

提出了食用植物油中胆固醇的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定方法。食用植物油经皂化后用石油醚-乙醚(1+1)溶液提取,以Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18色谱柱(50mm×2.1mm,5μm)为分离柱,以甲酸-甲醇(0.1+99.9)溶液为流动相,以2,2,3,4,4,6-d6胆固醇为内标,采用大气压化学电离源在多反应监测负离子模式下进行测定,胆固醇和内标的定量离子对分别为m/z369.2/146.9,369.2/160.9和375.2/166.5。胆固醇在0.1～5mg·L-1范围内呈线性,测定下限(10S/N)为0.02ng。在3个浓度水平上对方法做回收试验,测得回收率在102%～110%之间。     

禽蛋中头孢噻肟残留的高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)测定禽蛋中头孢噻肟药物残留的方法。禽蛋样品中的头孢噻肟用纯水提取,乙腈沉淀蛋白,Oasis HLB(500 mg,6 mL)固相萃取柱净化,8 mL甲醇洗脱。采用Zorbax XDB-C18(2.1 mm×50 mm,3.5μm)色谱柱,以0.2%甲酸水-乙腈为流动相,0.3 mL/min梯度洗脱,经高效液相色谱分离后,采用电喷雾质谱正离子模式电离,多反应选择离子检测(MRM)模式测定。检测离子对为m/z456.1/396.1、m/z456.1/324.1,其中m/z456.1/396.1为定量离子对。在1.35~135μg/L范围内标准曲线的线性关系良好,相关系数为0.999 3;在1.0、50.0、100μg/kg3个添加水平的平均加标回收率为87%~99%,相对标准偏差为1.9%~3.9%;方法检出限为0.3μg/kg,定量下限为1.0μg/kg。该方法简便、灵敏、准确、可靠,适用于禽蛋中头孢噻肟药物残留的分析。     

超高效液相色谱/质谱法测定血液中γ-氨基丁酸

研究了超高效液相色谱-质谱检测器(UPLC-QDa)对γ-氨基丁酸的分析检测,建立了UPLC测定血液中γ-氨基丁酸的含量的分析方法。采用乙腈萃取血液样品,经BEH C18色谱柱(2.1×50 mm,1.7μm)分离,以0.1%甲酸水溶液(含0.5%乙酸胺):乙腈(95:5,V/V)为流动相,流速0.2 m L/min,质谱检测器(QDa)检测,正离子SIR模式,m/z=104进行定量,进样量1μL。对照品在0.5~10μg/m L浓度范围内与峰面积线性关系良好。3个添加试验的平均回收率分别为78.9%,87.6%,79.5%,RSD分别为1.2%,1.1%,2.1%。     

动物源食品中6种甲状腺抑制剂残留的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测

建立了动物源食品中2-硫脲嘧啶、6-甲基-2-硫脲嘧啶、6-丙基-2-硫脲嘧啶、6-苯基-2-硫脲嘧啶、2-巯基-1-甲基咪唑和2-巯基苯并咪唑6种甲状腺抑制剂残留检测的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)分析方法。以BEHC18柱(50mm×2.1mm,1.7μm)为色谱柱,乙腈(含0.1%甲酸)-0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱;柱温为30℃,流速为0.3mL/min,进样量为10μL。质谱条件为:电喷雾离子源(ESI+),多反应监测(MRM)模式。结果表明:6种药物在5～500μg/L质量浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r2均大于0.996;方法检出限为2μg/kg,定量下限为5μg/kg;在10、25、100μg/kg3个添加水平下,方法的平均回收率为60%～107%,批内、批间RSD均小于16%。     

超滤管净化/高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定动物源食品中喹诺酮类药物残留

建立了超滤管净化技术结合高效液相色谱-串联质谱同时测定动物源食品中10种喹诺酮类药物残留的新方法。样品经酸化乙腈提取后,采用50 m L Millipore超滤管(截留分子量3 k D)净化,离心液氮吹复溶后,经Waters Xbridge C18色谱柱进行分离,以0.1%甲酸-乙腈作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾正离子(ESI+)模式电离,多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,外标法定量。结果表明,10种喹诺酮类药物在5.0~100μg/kg浓度范围内线性关系良好,方法的检出限为0.15~0.75μg/kg,定量下限为0.49~2.59μg/kg,在5.0,10,50μg/kg 3个加标水平下的回收率为71.4%~85.9%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为3.9%~10.7%。方法简便快速、灵敏度高、重复性好,可用于动物源食品中10种喹诺酮类药物残留的快速确证和定量分析。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.