邻苯三酚红修饰碳糊电极吸附伏安法测定痕量铜

报道了采用邻苯三酚红修饰碳糊电极测定痕量铜的方法。通过在邻苯二甲酸氢钾 -氢氧化钠 (p H4.5)介质中富集 ,Cu2 +和邻苯三酚红形成络合物富集于电极表面 ,然后转换到 0 .0 50 mol· L-1的 H3PO4 中 ,经阴极还原后再进行阳极溶出伏安法测定。Cu2 +浓度在 1 .6× 1 0 -9～ 2 .8× 1 0 -7mol·L-1范围内与二次导数峰电流呈线性关系 ,检出限达 8× 1 0 -10 mol·L-1。同时 ,对电极反应机理进行了探讨。应用于合金样的测定 ,取得满意的结果。     

聚乙烯吡咯烷酮修饰碳糊电极上酪氨酸的电化学研究及其测定

研究了酪氨酸在聚乙烯吡咯烷酮修饰碳糊电极的伏安行为,优化了测定条件,在此基础上建立了一种直接测定酪氨酸的电分析方法。氧化峰电流与酪氨酸的浓度在2×10-7～5×10-5mol·L-1之间有良好的线性关系,开路富集3min,检出限为1×10-7mol·L-1。用此方法测定了酒样和人尿中酪氨酸的含量,结果满意。     

溶出伏安法对维生素K3的研究与测定

应用微分脉冲溶出伏安法(DPSV)对维生素K3在玻碳电极(GCE)上的电化学行为进行了研究.在氨水-NH4Cl(pH 9.0)底液中,对维生素K3进行循环伏安扫描,发现有一对良好的氧化还原峰出现,对电极反应机理进行了探讨.阴极溶出伏安峰电流与其浓度在2.0×10-6～1.0×10-4mol·L-1范围内呈线性关系(r=0.998 5),检出限为4.0×10-7mol·L-1.对于1.0×10-5mol·L-1的维生素K3,平行7次测定结果的RSD为1.15%.应用此方法对亚硫酸氢钠甲萘醌注射液进行了测定,方法的回收率为97.3%～102.5%.     

钴-锌试剂络合吸附伏安法测定中草药中钴

研究了测定痕量钴的一种灵敏的吸附伏安法 ,利用钴和锌试剂络合物在悬汞电极上的吸附性 ,有效地提高了分析的灵敏度。在 0 .0 0 5mol·L-1NH3 和 0 .0 6mol·L-1NH4Cl及 2 .5× 1 0 -6mol·L-1锌试剂底液条件下 ,该体系 1 .5 ,2 .5阶微分吸附伏安法测定钴的线性范围为 1× 1 0 -10 ～ 1× 1 0 -7mol·L-1,用 2 .5阶微分吸附伏安法 ,富集 3min的检出限为 5× 1 0 -11mol·L-1。用此法直接测定了中草药中痕量钴     

铋离子修饰碳糊电极的研制与应用

报道了一种以碘化铋与诺氟沙星形成的缔合物为电活性物质的修饰碳糊电极。电极对离子的线性响应范围为4．0×10-6～1．0×10-2mol·L-1,级差电位为20 mV／pc,检出限为2．5×10-6mol·L-1。测定了枸橼酸铋钾胶囊中铋的含量,测定结果与药典法的结果相符。     

茜素紫修饰碳糊电极吸附阳极溶出伏安法测定痕量锑的研究

报道了采用茜素紫修饰碳糊电极测定痕量锑的阳极溶出伏安法。在 0 .0 3mol·L- 1邻苯二甲酸氢钾 盐酸缓冲溶液 (pH 2 .4 )中 ,通过开路富集 ,Sb(Ⅲ )与茜素紫形成络合物而富集于电极表面 ,然后交换介质至 0 .6mol·L- 1盐酸中 ,于 - 0 .6 0V还原后再进行阳极化扫描 ,于 - 0 .50V左右获得一灵敏的锑的溶出峰 ,二次导数峰电流与Sb(Ⅲ )的浓度在 4 .1× 10 - 9～ 2 .9× 10 - 7mol·L- 1范围内呈线性关系 ,检出限达 1.6× 10 - 9mol·L- 1。方法应用于水样中锑的测定 ,结果满意     

阳离子表面活性剂增敏碳糊电极电化学测定维生素E胶丸中维生素E的含量

以硝酸作氧化剂,将非电活性的维生素E氧化为具有电活性的醌型化合物-生育酚红,采用循环伏安法研究了生育酚红在碳糊电极上的电化学行为,探讨了阳离子表面活性剂的增敏效果、电极反应机理和表面活性剂的增敏机制。试验结果表明:在乙醇-硝酸(69+31)电解质溶液中,在一定量的阳离子表面活性剂十八烷基三甲基氯化铵存在时,生育酚红在碳糊电极上,具有一对可逆的氧化还原峰,峰电位差为30 mV,维生素E的浓度在1.6×10~(-8)～4.0×10~(-6)mol·L~(-1)范围内与其峰电流呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为4.0×10~(-9)mol·L~(-1)。该阳极溶出伏安法应用于分析维生素E药品,回收率在92.9%～110.2%之间。     

Nafion-1,10-二氮杂菲修饰玻碳电极及其在钌的伏安分析中的应用

制备了Nafion 1,10 二氮杂菲修饰电极 ,研究了钌在此修饰电极表面的伏安特性。用微分脉冲伏安法测定钌 ,钌的浓度在 1× 10 - 6 ～ 1× 10 - 9mol·L- 1范围内 ,电流与浓度呈线性关系 ,其检出限为 5 .14× 10 - 9mol·L- 1。     

桑色素修饰碳糊电极吸附溶出伏安法测定人尿中痕量铅

制作了用桑色素作修饰剂的碳糊修饰电极 ,利用该电极为工作电极 ,建立了测定痕量铅的新方法。在甲酸钠 盐酸缓冲溶液 (pH 4 .9)中 ,在 - 0 .10V(vs .SCE)下搅拌富集 ,铅 (Ⅱ )与化学修饰碳糊电极表面的桑色素形成电活性络合物而吸附富集于电极表面 ,经 - 0 .85V(vs.SCE)静止还原后 ,阳极化线性扫描 ,在 - 0 .4 3V(vs .SCE)获得一灵敏的二次导数溶出峰。在最佳条件下分别富集 360s和 180s ,其二次导数峰电流与铅 (Ⅱ )浓度分别在 5 .0× 10 - 9～ 1.0× 10 - 7mol·L- 1和 2 0×10 - 8～ 1.0× 10 - 6 mol·L- 1两个范围内呈良好的线性关系 ,富集 6min ,检出限可达 1.0× 10 - 9mol·L- 1(S/N =3)。同时 ,探讨了电极反应机理。方法应用于尿铅测定 ,获得满意的结果     

CTAB化学吸附修饰电极线性扫描伏安法直接测定苯酚

本文提出了以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)修饰碳糊电极直接测定苯酚的电化学方法。在pH=8.0的0.1mol·L-1磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,苯酚在+0.63V出现一个灵敏的氧化峰,其峰电流与苯酚浓度在4.0×10-7～5.0×10-5mol·L-1之间呈线性关系,检出限为5.0×10-8mol·L-1。本文对CTAB对苯酚氧化的增敏机理进行了探讨。该电极用于工业废水中苯酚的检测,取得了满意的结果。     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Synthesis of substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles by intramolecular nitrilimine cycloaddition

Both substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles have been synthesized by the 3+2 intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines to alkynes. This cyclization has been extended to more versatile 3-bromo derivatives by the use of alkynylbromides as dipolarophiles.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Catalyst free,visible-light promoted photoaddition reactions between C60 and N-trimethylsilylmethyl-substituted tertiary amines for synthesis of aminomethyl-1,2-dihydrofullerenes

An efficient and benign method for the preparation of aminomethyl-substituted fullerenes has been developed. The process, involving catalyst free, visible-light irradiation of 10% EtOH-toluene solutions containing fullerene C₆₀ and N-trimethylsilylmethyl-substituted amines by using a 20 W compact fluorescent lamp, leads to formation of aminomethyl-substituted fullerene adducts in a highly efficient manner. The photoaddition reaction takes place via a pathway initiated by visible light absorption by C₆₀, followed by SET from the amine to the triplet excited state of C₆₀. Ethanol-promoted desilylation of the resulting a minimum radical then generates the corresponding α-amino radical which couples with the C₆₀ radical anion to form the anion precursor of the fullerene adducts. The new approach using visible-light takes place under mild conditions and it does not require the use of photocatalysts. Thus, the method developed in this effort could broadens the range of functionalized fullerene derivatives that can be readily prepared.     

Highly efficient and stereoselective cycloaddition of nitrones to indolyl- and pyrrolylacrylates

The reactions of various nitrones with indolyl- and pyrrolylacrylates proceeds regioselectively with high diastereoselectivity in the case of aldonitrones, and represents an effective method for obtaining new indolyl- and pyrrolyl-substituted isoxazolidine carboxylates stabilized by weak (CH?O) and moderate (NH?N) strength intramolecular hydrogen bonding. The resulting cycloadducts exhibit promising in vitro anti-influenza activities.     

Transition metal-free direct amination of benzoxazoles using formamides as nitrogen sources

A transition metal-free method for the direct amination of benzoxazoles using formamides as nitrogen sources is reported, which was mediated by an inexpensive and environmentally friendly tetrabutylammonium iodide/tert-butyl hydroperoxide system and gave the 2-aminobenzoxazole derivatives with moderate to good yields.     

l-Proline-catalyzed five-component domino reaction leading to multifunctionalized 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridines

Multifunctionalized 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridines are concisely synthesized in good yields via l-proline-catalyzed or l-proline/FeCl₃-cocatalyzed one-pot multicomponent reactions (MCRs). The MCRs involve a domino hydroamination/prins reaction/Mannich-type reaction/intramolecular dehydration-cyclization process. The molecular structure of 5baa, one of multifunctionalized 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridines, was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.