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红外光谱法测定St—BMA的竞聚率 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对于共聚合反应中同一对单体的竞聚率,由于采用的实验方法、计算方法不同,可能有几对、甚至上百对不同的数据。在实际生产中已逐渐趋向于在较高温度下进行共聚合,而文献的竞聚率一般均在较低温度下获得,因此缺乏实用意义。本文用FTIR方法测定苯乙烯(St)-甲基丙烯酸正丁酯(BMA)共聚竞聚率参数r_1和r_2,讨论了温度的影响。 相似文献
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测定了亲水性甲基丙烯酸羟烷基酯如HEMA、MHPMA分别与AN或AAM,在60℃不同溶剂中自由基聚合反应的竞聚率。AN(M_1)-HEMA(M_2)共单体,在DMSO或DMF溶剂以AIBN或KPS-IPA引发剂条件下共聚,用Kelen-Tüds法计算的竞聚率变化不大,r_1=0.22-0.25、r_2=0.97-1.05,说明在此均相溶液共聚中,所用的溶剂及引发剂对竞聚率的影响较小,这两种单体能很好共聚。但AAM-MHPMA或AAM-HEMA共单体时,r_1与r_2值相差很大,如前者r_1=0.0433、r_2=3.98,后者r_1=0.0535、r_2=1.89,说明不易共聚,共聚物中主要是MHPMA或HEMA组分。 相似文献
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1—辛烯/戊烯—4—醇—1共聚物的合成和表征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
合成了极性单体4-戊烯氧基三甲基硅烷.在络合Ⅱ型TiCl_(3)/Al(i-Bu)_3催化体系下,该单体与1-辛烯共聚.进一步酸化水解,得到了不同羟基含量的1-辛烯、戊烯-4-醇-1共聚物.用元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振谱对其进行表征.探讨了聚合条件对共聚反应的影响,测得竞聚率为r_1(辛)=2.28士0.15,r_2(极)=0.47土0.05. 相似文献
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研究了与偏二溴乙烯(VDBr,M_1)共聚的不同单体(M_2)——丙烯酸甲酯(MA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)和苯乙烯(St)的性质和共聚物的序列分布对记录材料紫外光敏性的影响。结果表明,含St的紫外光敏性最高,含MA的较差。对同一类共聚物记录材料而言,光敏性与共聚物的序列分布,主要是P_2(M_1M_2)有对应关系。本文还报道了VDBr与MA、MMA及St在55±0.2℃以偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂的自由基共聚反应竞聚率(r)分别为,VDBr-MA:r_1=0.72±0.05,r_1=0.72±0.05;VDBr-MMA:r_1=0.50±0.04,r_2=1.74±0.04;VDBr-St:r_1=0.40±0.04,r_2=1.12±0.04。 相似文献
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本文考查了Pauling电负性与价电子静电位能的表征参数(电荷与半径比),以及内层电子分布概率密度径向衰减的表征参数R_0/r_(cov)、p(r_(cov))等的关系。求得用z~*/r_(cov)、R_0/r_(cov)等计算电负性的经验公式。在此基础上设计了新的键参数作图方法。讨论了电负性的物理意义和有关认识论的一些问题。 相似文献
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本文研究了氯丁二烯(CP)与丙烯酸甲酯(MA)在AlEt_(1.5)Cl_(1.5)和Mn_2(CO)_(10)/CCl_4存在下的交替共聚反应。共聚速度正比于MA-AlEt_(1.5)Cl_(1.5)络合物的浓度和引发剂浓度平方根,而与单体浓度无关。所有动力学数据符合交替共聚的交叉增长机理。AlEt_(1.5)Cl_(1.5)明显地加速——CP·与MA的增长速度,从而引起交替,单体竞聚率r_(CP)和r_(MA)分别由11.1和0.078下降到0.072和0.062。 也观察了向CBr_4的链转移,并求出了一些动力学参数。 相似文献
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T. A. Duever K. F. O'Driscoll Park M. Reilly 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1988,26(4):965-971
A general method for estimating kinetic parameters in polymerization reactions using Monte Carlo simulation to represent the models of the reactions is developed. From a statistical point of view, the procedure is a Bayesian one in which a posterior probability density surface (PPDS) is calculated for points on a grid in the parameter space. A smoothing function is fitted to the PPDS, then a posterior probability region, which is similar to a confidence region, is calculated for the parameters. An application to a relatively trivial example, the Mayo–Lewis copolymerization model is shown in detail. Many other potential applications are suggested. 相似文献
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Bojan Janković 《国际化学动力学杂志》2010,42(11):641-658
The new procedure for identification of the effective distribution function for determination of the distributed activation energy models, which is based on the Bayesian statistics, has been established. The five different continuous probability functions (exponential, logistic, normal, gamma and Weibull probability functions (the extended set of distributions)) were used for searching the most appropriate reactivity model for two heterogeneous processes: (a) the isothermal reduction process of nickel oxide under hydrogen atmosphere and (b) the isothermal degradation process of bisphenol‐A polycarbonate (Lexan) under nitrogen atmosphere. Using the Bayes weights, it was shown that for both processes, the most suitable distributed reactivity model is the Weibull distribution model. The kinetic parameters (ln A, Ea) attached with the Weibull distribution model were calculated for both investigated processes, using three different computational methods (the maximum likelihood method (MLM), the nonlinear regression analysis (NRA), and the posterior mean (the expected value of scale parameter η, E(η)). It was shown that there is an excellent agreement between the values of kinetic parameters calculated by the MLM, NRA, and E(η) approaches. Using Bayes weights, it is possible to discriminate between different probability models and to quantify how well a distribution fits the experimental data. For the formal reactivity model comparison, the use of the (nonnormalized) Jeffreys prior is recommended. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 42: 641–658, 2010 相似文献
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丙烯腈和(甲基)丙烯酸酯基团转移共聚合的竞聚率 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
研究了丙烯腈(AN)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、乙酯(EMA)、丁酯(BMA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)和顺丁烯二酸二丁酯(DBM)等5种酯类单体的基团转移无规共聚.用Kelen Tudus法测定了二元共聚体系的竞聚率,分别为rAN=1022、rMMA=077、rAN=568、rEMA=016、rAN=859、rBMA=009、rAN=408、rBA=006;rAN=138,rDBM=006.发现竞聚率,单体组分对聚合速率的影响等都和阴离子共聚类似. 相似文献
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采用分子力学和半经验量子化学的方法 ,计算出了数十种有机过氧化物氧氧键均裂的键离解能 ,以及过氧化物生成的自由基的氧净电荷及其校正值 .数据的多重线性回归证明 ,影响有机过氧化物引发剂活性(常用 1 0h HLT表示 )的主要因素为自由基的电性和空间效应 ,这两者可以用自由基的氧净电荷及其校正值来表征 .在同种溶剂中 ,过氧化物生成的两个自由基的氧净电荷及其校正值 ,这四个因素与其半分解温度之间有较好的相关性 .这种相关性可以用来预测过氧化物的 1 0h HLT值 . 相似文献
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J. W. Stafford 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1983,21(6):1627-1642
The size distributions of a number of different polycondensations with nonself-condensing monomers were calculated by a kinetic method. The results of linear polycondensations with and without reversibility or stoichiometry and of multifunctional polycondensations are exactly the same as those obtained by Flory with probability methods and do not differ, when comparable, from the size distributions produced by the polycondensation of self-condensing monomers. Size distributions were also obtained for reactions in which the order of reaction changes with conditions or during reaction. These results clearly show that a Flory distribution is obtained as long as the principle of equal reactivity applies at any given instant, although this reactivity may vary in the course of the reaction. 相似文献
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采用Kolinski等建立的类蛋白质分子的格点模型,通过计算类蛋白质分子的末端距分布函数P(r)来研究类蛋白质分子形成紧密接触对的速率k .发现不同的氨基酸序列,其分布函数P(r)不同.对于序列(H) x和(P) x,分布函数P(r)有二个峰值;而对于序列(HP) x,分布函数P(r)只有一个峰值.对于类蛋白质分子形成紧密接触对的速率k ,当链长N <11,随着N的增加而增加;当N >11,形成紧密接触对的速率k随着N的增加而减少,这个趋势与实验结果一致,并存在关系k~N-α(N >11) ,系数α与氨基酸序列有关.这些研究能够帮助我们加深对蛋白质结构形成的了解. 相似文献
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对130℃下1,3 二烯基 1,1,3,3 四甲基二硅氧烷(DVDS)/苯乙烯(St)的溶液环化共聚合动力学进行了研究.根据低转化率(<10%)的共聚物组成及环状结构比例,通过参数估计方法,求得环化率与竞聚率,分别为r1=0102、r2=348、rc=00210、Kc=381mol/L、K′c=0389mol/L,同时得到它们95%置信概率的联合置信区间及其交互影响的联合置信区间.表明DVDS的反应活性较St低,其非环状结构自由基具有较强的分子内环化反应能力;环的位阻效应使环状结构DVDS自由基的活性低于其非环状结构自由基. 相似文献