2,3-二氟代联苯类液晶化合物的合成与性能

以4-烷基环己基甲酸和4-溴-2,3-二氟苯酚为原料,经格氏、黄鸣龙还原、碘代、芳基硼酸化、Suzuki偶联、威廉姆逊和酯化等反应,合成24种侧向二氟取代联苯类液晶化合物,总收率4.2%～8.7%,产物的分子结构经核磁（1H NMR,13C NMR）、红外和质谱确认。 利用差示扫描量热仪（DSC）和偏光显微镜（POM）对目标化合物进行了液晶性能测试。 结果表明,烷基链的长度不仅影响化合物的熔点和清亮点,还影响液晶相态变化;端烯可以降低化合物的熔点（降低了3.7 ℃）,提高清亮点（提高了24.8 ℃）,拓宽向列相区间（由54.1 ℃拓宽到82.6 ℃）;酯基的引入可以提高清亮点,有助于消除近晶相。 该系列化合物在垂直取向(VA)和平面转换(IPS)显示模式中具有潜在的应用前景。     

铜催化二氟乙醇的芳基醚化反应及其机理研究（英文）

有机氟硅化合物是元素有机化学中最重要的高端产品种类之一,极具研究价值.开发了含二氟乙醇农药的新工艺技术,发展了一种条件温和和高效的铜催化二氟乙醇芳基醚化反应,通过大量的配体筛选和条件优化,建立了二氟乙醇和芳基溴或芳基碘的C—O偶联反应,简易合成出各种芳基取代的二氟乙基芳基醚.该反应以CuI为催化剂,在8-羟基喹啉和叔丁醇钾存在下顺利进行,具有广泛的底物适用性.ESI-MS分析证明,该催化过程可能存在三价铜催化机制,密度泛函理论(DFT)计算进一步表明该反应机理可能涉及三价铜的氧化加成、亲核取代及还原消除过程.     

Pd催化交叉偶联P-C键形成反应

近30年来,Pd催化交叉偶联形成P-C键的反应在药物、催化剂配体、阻燃剂和高分子材料等领域受到普遍重视。本文介绍了Pd催化交叉偶联反应形成P-C键的方法,以及利用该法制备有机膦化合物的研究进展。作为反应底物的磷亲核试剂包括亚磷酸二烷基酯、亚膦酸酯、次膦酸酯、氧化膦、伯或仲膦、三芳基膦、亚磷酸三烷基酯、膦-硅(锡)化合物和膦-硼烷复合物等,参与偶联反应的亲电试剂包括卤代烯烃、卤代芳烃、三氟甲磺酸烯基酯、三氟甲磺酸芳基酯、乙烯基硼酸酯等,并对反应机理、反应条件和反应的影响因素进行了探讨。     

镍催化芳基三氟甲磺酸酯对醛的加成反应及偶联反应

对芳基三氟甲磺酸酯对醛的加成或偶联反应进行了研究.以Ni(dppe)Br_2为催化剂,在锌粉存在下,芳基三氟甲磺酸酯与醛在甲醇溶剂中发生加成反应,在四氢呋喃中发生偶联反应,分别以中等到良好的收率获得芳基甲醇化合物或芳基甲酮化合物.     

铜催化C—H活化/C—S偶联反应合成环烷基芳基硫醚

为设计一种利用廉价催化剂以达成C—H活化构建C—S的方法,本文研究了铜催化C—H活化/C—S偶联反应合成系列环烷基芳基硫醚化合物。以芳基磺酰肼与环烷烃为原料,溴化亚铜为催化剂,二叔丁基过氧化物(DTBP)为氧化剂,120℃反应24 h,经氧化脱氮C—H活化/C—S偶联串联反应过程,合成了系列环烷基芳基硫醚化合物。该反应适合环戊烷、环己烷、环庚烷、环辛烷和环十二烷等环烷烃和不同取代基团(甲氧基、硝基、氯和甲基)的芳基酰肼,合成得到了18个芳基硫醚类化合物,产率为41%～72%。其结构经¹H NMR、¹³C NMR和HR-MS进行了表征。     

镍催化的偕二氟芳基乙烯与有机锌交叉偶联反应立体选择性合成(Z)-单氟烯烃

报道了在Ni Cl2(dppp)催化和氯化锂促进下,室温下将偕二氟芳基乙烯与有机锌试剂进行交叉偶联反应,合成一系列(Z)-单氟烯烃的方法.该方法具有反应条件温和、操作简单、官能团兼容性较好、立体选择性出色等优点.     

新型两亲性氮杂六芳基苯的合成

以5-溴-2-十二烷基嘧啶为原料,经Sonogashira偶联等反应制得1,2-双(2-十二烷基嘧啶-5-基)乙炔(4); 1-溴-4-(2-(2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙氧基)乙氧基)苯(5)与双频哪醇合二硼反应制得化合物(6); 4,4′-二溴苯偶酰与1,3-二苯基丙酮经羟醛缩合反应制得四芳基环戊二烯酮衍生物(7); 化合物4与7经Diels-Alder反应制得化合物8; 8与6〖STBZ〗通过Suzuki-Miyaura偶联反应合成新型两亲性氮杂六芳基苯(9),化合物6~9为新化合物,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和HR-MS(MALDI-TOF)表征。     

镍催化下一溴二氟甲烷对(杂)芳基溴代物的二氟甲基化反应（英文）

二氟甲基取代的(杂)芳烃化合物由于二氟甲基的独特性质越来越受到了化学家和药物学家的广泛关注.在过去的几年中,大量合成该类化合物的方法不断被发展,但这些方法中大多使用了价格昂贵的需要多步合成的二氟甲基化试剂,从而制约了其广泛应用.因此,发展以廉价易得的二氟甲基化试剂为氟源制备二氟甲基(杂)芳烃化合物的方法是十分必要的.以廉价易得的溴二氟甲烷(BrCF2H)为二氟甲基化试剂,发展了镍催化下(杂)芳基溴代物与Br CF2H的偶联反应.该反应高效温和,底物普适性好,官能团兼容性优秀,并且可以克量级合成,为合成二氟甲基(杂)芳烃化合物提供了一种高效简洁、廉价的方法.初步机理研究表明,该反应经历了一种镍催化的还原偶联历程.     

Suzuki偶联反应合成4’-乙基-2,3-二氟-1,1’-联苯

以2,3-二氟苯硼酸和4-乙基溴苯为起始原料,经Suzuki偶联反应合成了纯度99.5%以上的液晶中间体4’-乙基-2,3-二氟-1,1’-联苯,目标化合物进行了1HNMR、13CNMR、IR及GC-MS表征。考察了催化剂、溶剂体系、碱的用量、温度及环境对反应的影响,确定了最佳反应条件。     

4-戊基(4′-丙基环己基)三联苯液晶的合成

在相转移催化剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵的助催化作用下,用PdCl2催化芳基硼酸与溴代芳烃偶联反应合成了液晶化合物4－戊基（4′－丙基环己基）三联苯,反应转化率达到93％,反式产物选择性86％。结构经IR,^1H NMR和MS确证,并用DSC测定了此液晶的相变数据。考察了加料顺序和相转移催化剂对偶联反应的影响。提出了相转移条件下可能的催化循环机理,认为芳基硼酸是以ArB(OH)3^-离子形式参与偶联反应的。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).