Identification of Residue Involved in Nucleotidyltransferase Activity of LinA from Staphylococci by Site-directed Mutagenesis

The lincosamide class of antibacterials is widely used for the treatment of a broad spectrum of infections, and one prevalent route of resistance to lincosamides in pathogenic gram-positive cocco is antibiotic modification. Enzymes encoded by lin genes, belonging to nucleotidyltransferase superfamily, catalyze adenylylation to inactivate lincosamides. LinA can adenylylate lincosamides at either 3?-or 4?-OH of the methylthiolincosamide sugar. The crystal structure of LinA/lincomycin has confirmed its active site. However, the residue interacting with nucleotidyl donors remains elusive. Here, we modeled the complex structure of LinA/lincomycin/Mg~(2+)/AMPCPP to reveal a putative pocket for nucleotidyl donors and suggested the residue R45 in this pocket involved in the recognition of donor substrates NTP and catalysis. ITC and enzyme activity assays show that the mutation of residue R45 impairs LinA nucleotidyltransferase activity in vitro. This work provides insights into the molecular mechanism of the nucleotide binding and transferring activity of antibiotic NTases.     

南海IODP 349航次U1434站位海相红层成因——来自漫反射光谱与X荧光光谱的制约

提出IODP349航次首次在南海发现的大洋红层，与ODP124 航次苏禄海、苏拉威西海大洋红层以及三水盆地陆相红层相似，都具有直接覆盖于大规模岩浆岩之上的特征，对于揭示红层与岩浆热事件的关系具有重要意义。自上而下采集U1434站位灰绿色-红棕色海相沉积序列进行测试分析，并设计实验模拟沉积-成岩过程中氧逸度和地热温度对红层色素形成的控制作用，通过红色与非红色沉积、实测与实验样品的对比分析，探讨红层成因机制及其地质意义。采用漫反射光谱、荧光光谱分析以及二价铁滴定测试，量化分析了海相沉积与实验样品的颜色红度值、针铁矿、赤铁矿与不同价位铁元素的含量，得到以下新认识：U1434站位红色-非红色海相沉积均形成于较高的氧逸度条件，水体氧化还原环境的差异并不是控制红色与非红色沉积的主要因素；U1434站位大洋红层直接覆盖大洋玄武岩，起源于沉积-成岩阶段的高地温作用；陆相红层和白垩纪海相红层均分布于相应时期的构造-岩浆活动带，暗示了红层对地质热事件具有重要的指示意义。     

A systematical study of the chiral magnetic effects at the RHIC and LHC energies

Considering the magnetic field response of the QGP medium,we perform a systematical study of the chiral magnetic effect(CME),and make a comparison with the experimental results for the background-subtracted correlator H at the energies of the RHIC Beam Energy Scan(BES)and the LHC energy.The CME signals from our computations show a centrality trend and beam energy dependence that are qualitatively consistent with the experimental measurements of the charge dependent correlations.The time evolution of the chiral electromagnetic current at the RHIC and LHC energies is systematically studied.The dependence of the time-integrated current signal on the beam energy√s with different centralities is investigated.Our phenomenological analysis shows that the time-integrated electromagnetic current is maximal near the collision energy√s≈39 GeV.The qualitative trend of the induced electromagnetic current is in agreement with the CME experimental results at the RHIC and LHC energies.     

高清折反式视频显微镜

为了实现对细胞工厂中细胞的实时监测,设计一款高分辨率、长工作距离的视频显微镜。采用卡塞格林式物镜与折射式显微系统相结合的设计方法,在反射式系统中加入厚弯月形透镜补偿系统产生的像差,缩短光学系统的横向尺寸,校正像差。针对被观察细胞的具体特征,设计了一种工作距离100mm、分辨率1.2μm、线视场2mm的视频显微镜,达到高清水平,系统很好地校正色差、球差、场曲和畸变,达到了平场消色差显微镜的要求。实现对细胞状态的高清实时监测。     

超级微波消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱（ICP-OES）法测定土壤中18种元素

为提高土壤多元素同时检测的效率,采用超级微波消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定土壤中钾、钠、钙、镁、铜、铁、锰、锌、磷、硫、硼、砷、镉、铬、铅、钴、镓、锂等18种元素含量。比较了超级微波消解、常规微波消解和电热板消解的处理效果,采用超级微波消解法对样品进行前处理,并优化了消解条件。在最优条件下,各元素的检出限在0.05~20 mg/kg,加标回收率在86.2%~107.5%,RSD在0.1%~3.0%,方法准确度及精密度可以满足多元素同时测定的需求,且该方法具有简单、快速、成本低、用酸量少、重现性好等特点。     

10m高分布式负载有界波电磁脉冲模拟器的模式分析

利用时域奇异值分解(SVD)技术对并行时域有限差分(FDTD)方法计算得到的分布式负载平行板有界波电磁脉冲(EMP)模拟器内的场进行模式分析,给出有、无效应物时模拟器内场的3个主要模式(即TEM,TM1和TM2模)奇异值的变化及该奇异值随效应物的位置及高度的变化规律。研究结果表明:电磁波在模拟器中传播时,其主模TEM模的高频分量在衰减;效应物越靠近源时测试点场的3个主要模式所对应的奇异值变化越大;且当效应物的高度与所在位置处两极板距离之比小于等于60%时,效应物附近位置处场的TEM模对应的奇异值会出现两个极大值点,两点的水平间距与效应物的水平尺寸相当。     

高功率微波照射下半空间上方天线罩耦合特性

利用两次傅里叶变换得到半空间界面的反射波后,将直接入射波和界面反射波两个时域脉冲源通过等效原理引入到包含目标的时域有限差分(FDTD)的计算域中。计算了高功率微波入射情形下,改变入射面、极化方式时天线罩内部观察点的能流密度的变化,并总结其规律。数值算例表明,对于贴近地面的目标来讲,半空间的反射波会给目标内部带来新的能量冲击。该方法可以用于计算目标内部耦合近场及功率密度。     

NaOH改性ZSM-5分子筛在苯、甲醇烷基化反应中的应用

用NaOH溶液对高硅ZSM-5分子筛进行处理,考察其应用于苯-甲醇烷基化反应过程的最佳处理条件,并用XRD、SEM、XRF、NH3-TPD、TPO、BET等手段对试样进行表征。结果表明,NaOH在脱除分子筛硅物种的同时,也会脱出晶粒表面附着物,暴露出更多的酸性位,形成一定量的介孔,进而影响苯-甲醇烷基化性能。当NaOH处理量为2.4 mmol/gcat时,在液体积空速为85 h-1下,烷基化反应中苯的转化率达到38%,相比处理前提高了近16%,且积炭量低,稳定性好。     

一种计算HEMP环境下电缆感应电流的混合算法北大核心CSCD

对高空核爆电磁脉冲(HEMP)环境下、地面上方电缆的感应电流进行了研究。考虑有耗地面的影响,提出了一种将时域积分方程(TDIE)和时域传输模式法结合求解有耗半空间上方电缆瞬态电流的时域方法。通过电磁波本征模的关联性得到斜入射有耗半空间平面波的时域反射系数,不需计算贝塞尔函数的无穷项和便可以得到时域反射系数的精确解。最后给出了核爆脉冲照射下地面上方电缆感应的电流的仿真结果。结果表明:对于水平放置的电缆,当反射脉冲到达电缆后,反射场总是试图抵消入射场,使得电缆上感应电流小于只考虑入射脉冲时的感应电流;电缆的耦合电流会随架设的高度发生显著变化,相对于铺地的电缆,架空的电缆有更大的感应电流。     

Highly sensitive and stable SERS probes of alternately deposited Ag and Au layers on 3D SiO_2 nanogrids for detection of trace mercury ions

The hazard of Hg ion pollution triggers the motivation to explore a fast, sensitive, and reliable detection method.Here, we design and fabricate novel 36-nm-thick Ag–Au composite layers alternately deposited on three-dimensional(3D)periodic SiO_2 nanogrids as surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) probes. The SERS effects of the probes depend mainly on the positions and intensities of their localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR) peaks, which is confirmed by the absorption spectra from finite-difference time-domain(FDTD) calculations. By optimizing the structure and material to maximize the intrinsic electric field enhancement based on the design method of 3D periodic SERS probes proposed,high performance of the Ag–Au/SiO_2 nanogrid probes is achieved with the stability further enhanced by annealing. The optimized probes show the outstanding stability with only 4.0% SERS intensity change during 10-day storage, the excellent detection uniformity of 5.78%(RSD), the detection limit of 5.0×10~(-12) M(1 ppt), and superior selectivity for Hg ions. The present study renders it possible to realize the rapid and reliable detection of trace heavy metal ions by developing highperformance 3D periodic structure SERS probes by designing novel 3D structure and optimizing plasmonic material.