刚性角隅内圆柱壳结构声辐射特性研究

本文对流场中处于刚性角隅内圆柱壳结构振动-声辐射问题进行研究．基于双反射方法，推导了位于两个垂直刚性壁面角隅区内圆柱壳结构的振动-声辐射方程．以此为基础，开展受线环向激励力作用的圆柱壳结构的振动-声辐射特性的数值计算．研究了刚性角隅内圆柱壳结构布置位置及计算频率对声辐射功率、声指向性的影响．计算结果可为分析含复杂声学边界的结构声振问题提供技术支持．     

伸缩虚拟边界元法解二维Helmholtz外问题

以位势理论为基础，提出了求解Helmholtz外问题的伸缩虚拟边界元法．给出了该方法在全波数域内获得唯一解的严格数学证明，其核心是通过伸缩虚拟边界使对偶内问题的特征频率(本征值)避开与波数重合，从而保证了解的唯一性，同以往前人提出的几种解法途径相比，该法简单得多；通过诸多边界曲线形状和不同边界量的声辐射算例，从计算精度、稳定性以及克服解的非唯一性等方面，对该方法进行了检验．计算结果表明：对远场或近场辐射声压，该方法都具有非常高的效率和精度．     

考虑声辐射特性的结构优化设计

传统的结构动力优化设计没有考虑声辐射特性,而随着人们对环境舒适度要求的提高,降低声辐射水平成为人们越来越关心的问题。本文首先给出了用有限元方法计算结构动力响应,边界元法计算结构声辐射特性的方程,在此基础上重点建立了结构声辐射优化设计模型,同时用序列二次规划算法进行了优化求解。在JIFEX软件中实现了上述理论和算法,并通过优化设计的数值算例,进一步说明了本文的研究方法能够有效的降低结构声辐射水平。     

基于奇异分解和自适应BEM积分算法的水下航行体机械噪声预报

提出一种改进的声学边界元法（M-BEM）用于准确计算水下航行体发动机振动引起的近场辐射噪声。分别采用奇异分解技术和自适应边界元积分算法解决了Helmholtz积分方程在求解近场声压时出现的超奇异积分和奇异积分问题。采用一脉动球源的声辐射算例对方法进行验证,数值解与精确解误差小于1．5dB。结合有限元方法并考虑流固耦合作...     

锅炉炉墙板梁结构随机响应的边界元方法

锅炉炉墙可简化成板，梁的组合结构，在燃烧脉动的激励下会形成随机性的振动。本文提出了一种借助于边界元方法进行随机激励作用下正交各向异性板，梁组合结构动力响应计算的一般方法。文中首先导出各向异性板，梁结构动力问题的边界积分方程，进而得到用于随机响应计算的板，梁结构的频率响应函数矩阵。在此基础上可以求出板，梁结构上任意点响应的均方值。这一方法的有效性在文中电站锅炉实际算例中得到了验证。     

求解水下纵向加肋无限长非圆柱壳声辐射问题的一种新的半解析方法

基于齐次扩容精细积分法和复数矢径虚拟边界谱方法，利用Fourier积分变换和稳相法，提出了一种具有较高效率和精度的新的求解水下纵向加肋无限长非圆柱壳声辐射问题的半解析方法．考虑了非圆柱壳和肋骨之间同时存在多种相互作用力和力偶矩，较已往很多学者仅计及法向相互作用力更加符合实际．不仅比较了该文方法和精确解计算纵向加肋圆柱壳在集中点力激励下的声辐射计算结果，同时还研究了肋骨数量、大小以及椭圆柱壳横截面椭圆度对声辐射特性的影响．数值计算结果表明该文方法较已有的混合FE-BE法更为有效．     

固体力学边界元分析程序包BESMAP——基本结构功能

要使边界元法象有限元法那样得到广泛应用，必须开发与有限元法相媲美的大型边界元法程序包。国外虽出现少数几个边界元法程序包，但由于结构、功能等方面的原因，还不能成为边界元法广泛应用的工具。针对这种情况，本文借鉴现有的先进的有限元法程序包，研制了大型固体力学边界元法程序包ＢＥＳＭＡＰ，ＢＥＳＭＡＰ在总体设计、计算能力、使用方便和功能齐全等方面作了研究和改进。     

建筑结构基于巴斯金风速谱的系列风振响应的简明封闭解

针对巴斯金风速谱激励下的建筑结构顺风向振动响应表达式复杂的问题,提出了一种简明封闭解法.巴斯金随机谱广泛应用于描述脉动风、随机地震动和路面不平顺等各种随机激励,本文基于留数定理给出巴斯金风速功率谱的二次正交式.综合运用复模态法和虚拟激励法获得了建筑结构系列响应(位移、层间位移及其变化率)功率谱的统一形式的二次正交式,并根据谱矩的定义获得了建筑结构系列响应的方差和谱矩及绝对加速度方差的简明封闭解.运用本文方法对一8层建筑结构进行分析,并与传统虚拟激励法进行对比研究,表明本文所得封闭解正确,并可用于验证虚拟激励法在谱矩和方差分析时的精度和效率.由于本文方法含有复模态法,故可用于各类线性结构基于巴斯金谱的随机响应分析和基于动力可靠度及舒适度的动力优化分析.     

Trefftz间接法解自由面渗流问题

渗流问题是岩体水力学研究的重点之一,较常规的有限元法和传统的边界元法而言,Trefftz型边界元法具有程序简单、计算量小及无须奇异积分等特点。本文给出定常和非定常自由面渗流问题的Trefftz解法,计算结果表明,该法收敛性好,结果比较精确。     

杆件结构强迫振动分析时域基本解

基本解是边界元法、格林函数法、基本解法等数值方法必备的理论基础之一.大多问题的基本解已经被推导出来,但杆件结构强迫振动分析的时域基本解未见相关报道.现有方法在求解强迫振动问题时通常采用一定技巧将问题等效为静力问题,并利用静力基本解进行求解,这就增加了列式过程的复杂程度和方法的计算工作量.论文通过振型分解、杜哈梅积分等步骤推导出杆件结构强迫振动分析的时域基本解,该基本解可以直接用于结构的动力响应分析,提高运算效率.论文工作可以为边界元法等数值方法在进行杆系结构强迫振动分析时提供新的思路.     

Stochastic sensitivity analysis of coupled acoustic-structural systems under non-stationary random excitations

This paper presents a new sensitivity analysis method for coupled acoustic–structural systems subjected to non-stationary random excitations. The integral of the response power spectrum density (PSD) of the coupled system is taken as the objective function. The thickness of each structural element is used as a design variable. A time-domain algorithm integrating the pseudo excitation method (PEM), direct differentiation method (DDM) and high precision direct (HPD) integration method is proposed for the sensitivity analysis of the objective function with respect to design variables. Firstly, the PEM is adopted to transform the sensitivity analysis under non-stationary random excitations into the sensitivity analysis under pseudo transient excitations. Then, the sensitivity analysis equation of the coupled system under pseudo transient excitations is derived based on the DDM. Moreover, the HPD integration method is used to efficiently solve the sensitivity analysis equation under pseudo transient excitations in a reduced-order modal space. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.     

Time-dependent hydroelastic analysis of cavitating propulsors

A 3-D potential-based boundary element method (BEM) is coupled with a 3-D finite element method (FEM) for the time-dependent hydroelastic analysis of cavitating propulsors. The BEM is applied to evaluate the moving cavity boundaries and fluctuating pressures, as well as the added mass and hydrodynamic damping matrices. The FEM is applied to analyze the dynamic blade deformations and stresses due to pressure fluctuations and centrifugal forces. The added mass and hydrodynamic damping matrices are superimposed onto the structural mass and damping matrices, respectively, to account for the effect of fluid–structure interaction. The problem is solved in the time-domain using an implicit time integration scheme. An overview of the formulation for both the BEM and FEM is presented, as well as the BEM/FEM coupling algorithm. Numerical and experiment validation studies are shown. The effects of fluid–structure interaction on the propeller performance are discussed.     

关于虚拟激励法与结构随机响应的注记

虚拟激励法自发表以来，引起了学术界和工程界的较大关注。特别是在处理大型复杂结构受多点随机激励时，该法自动计及了参振振型的互相关以及激励之间的互相关，在理论上是精确解。而且该法对于处理非经典阻尼矩阵很方便，在一般具有简谐振动／时程分析功能的有限元程序上进一步开发计算位移，内力，应变等各种平稳／非平稳响应量的自谱互谱计算功能都十分方便，所以获得了较多应用。对该算法的适应性和计算效率与传统算法明确地给出对比，将对其理解与推广应用有很大好处。本文将对此作一些说明。     

Study on calculation methods for acoustic radiation of axisymmetric structures in finite water depth

In this paper, a kind of FEM–WSM (Finite Element Method–Wave​ Superposition Method) is used to calculate the acoustic radiation of axisymmetric structures in finite water depth. FEM is used to solve the dry modes of axisymmetric structures, and WSM is applied along with the dry mode method to consider fluid–structure interaction effects and calculate the acoustic radiated field. This method combines the advantages of FEM and WSM. On one hand, it is suitable for complex or large axisymmetric structures on the one hand. On the other hand, it has higher computational efficiency than the FEM, and the computational domain size for the water is not limited. As long as the Green’s function is tailored for the boundary condition, the acoustic radiated field of axisymmetric structures in more complex ocean acoustic environments can be calculated by using this method. Besides, a least-square method is used to reduce the distortion resulting from computational errors of the modal estimates. The influence of the number of source and field points and the finite element mesh density on the calculation accuracy are discussed, eliciting some disciplinary conclusions. Using a spherical shell and a capsule shell as models, the results from the present approach, a semi-analytical method, and the crude FEM are compared to verify the correctness and efficiency. Based on numerical examples, the influence of the sea surface and the seafloor on the acoustic radiated field of structures in finite water depth is also analyzed.     

复数矢径虚拟边界谱方法在二维空穴声辐射和散射问题中的应用

基于复数矢径虚拟边界积分法,通过将虚拟积分曲线上的未知源强密度函数用Fourier级数展开,同时借助快速数值Fourier变换计算程序,提出了一种求解二维任意形状空穴声辐射和散射问题的复数矢径虚拟边界谱方法．该方法具有以下特点：(1)不存在奇异积分处理;(2)采用复数矢径虚拟边界积分方法,不仅保证了解的唯一性,而且由于虚拟源强密度函数采用Fourier级数展开,克服了用单元离散方法不能用于较高频率范围的缺点;(3)采用快速数值Fourier变换技术使计算效率大幅度提高．文中给出的计算结果表明：在求解任意形状二维空穴声辐射和散射问题上较通常采用的FEM、BEM和VBEM更为有效．     

Structural and acoustic response of a finite stiffened conical shell

In this paper, a precise transfer matrix method is presented to calculate the structural and acoustic responses of the conical shell. The governing equations of conical shells are written as a coupled set of first order differential equations. The field transfer matrix of the shell and non-homogenous term resulting from the external excitation are obtained by precise integration method. After assembling the field transfer matrixes, the whole matrix describing dynamic behavior of the stiffened conical shell is obtained. Then the structural and acoustic responses of the shell are solved by obtaining unknown sound pressure coefficients. The natural frequencies of the shell are compared with the FEM results to test the validity. Furthermore, the effects of the semi-vertex angle, driving force directions and boundary conditions on the structural and acoustic responses are studied.     

Numerical and experimental study on the dynamic behavior of a sea-star tension leg platform against regular waves

This paper describes an experimental work on a 1: 100 scaled model of a miniature sea-star tension leg platform (TLP) in a wave flume. Two different numerical models are developed: finite element model (FEM) based on the Morison equation and boundary element model (BEM) based on a 3D diffraction/radiation theory. The developed codes are used to calculate hydrodynamic forces and related coefficients. The nonlinear hull/tendon coupled dynamic equation of a mini seastar TLP is solved by using a modified Euler method (MEM). The results of numerical modeling of the motion response behavior of the platform in different degrees of freedom are compared with experimental data. This comparison shows good agreement between the results. Furthermore, this modeling reveals that the first-order diffraction method and quasi-static tendon modeling are sufficient in general for the hydrodynamic analysis of the sea-star TLP.     

一种考虑薄壁散射效应的声学计算模型

采用薄壁边界元/FW-H理论混合方法建立了考虑薄壁声学散射效应的数值计算模型.这种声学计算模型可以预测存在薄壁如风扇机匣、蜗壳等条件下的声波的传播及散射问题.计算模型的建立主要包含噪声源的计算和声源的传播两方面:首先建立FW-H的频域方程,并采用计算流体力学方法计算流场,通过流场数据计算气动噪声源;然后采用薄壁面边界元法计算固壁对声波的散射,并计算声波在固壁散射后的声场分布.数值计算结果和实验结果及经典的叶轮机管道风扇噪声理论进行了对比,结果表明,这种计算模型与理论计算结果及实验结果吻合较好,可以准确的预测机匣壁的散射效应对声源传播的影响.     

铁路客车室内噪声预测与控制技术研究

为探索铁路客车室内低频噪声预测分析与控制的可行办法,提高车室内噪声品质,本文基于有限元和边界元结合的方法给出了铁路客车结构-声场耦合系统振动分析模型的建模方法;通过对比分析结构振动模态、车室内空腔声学模态以及结构-声场耦合系统模态的相关性,澄清车室内噪声形成机理;对客车结构-声场耦合系统在0 Hz～200Hz频率范围内进行谐响应分析之后,确定了室内噪声观测平面及测试点在不同频率下的声压级,通过对客车车身面板声学贡献度的分析,确定主要噪声源和对内部声场影响较大的面板,为降低噪声而试图对客车结构进行修改提供了理论依据.     

风致复杂结构随机振动分析的一种快速算法——谐波激励法

传统完全二次型组合(CQC)在计算复杂结构随机振动响应时存在计算量巨大的问题,尽管虚拟激励法(PEM)在确保计算精度和CQC方法相同的基础上提高了计算速度,使得复杂结构随机响应的进行分析成真正应用于工程实际,但PEM需要对激励的谱矩阵进行分解,对于处理多点随机激励问题依然比较烦琐。本文从周期图方法计算随机信号功率谱密度出发,提出了一种不需要进行谱矩阵分解即可进行结构随机振动分析的快速算法——谐波激励法,它在理论上和CQC方法同样具有相同精度,计算速度要快于已有的方法,并且由于不需要直接计算激振力的功率谱密度矩阵,因而降低了对内存的需求,算例表明本文方法的有效性。文中对不同方法的适应性也进行了讨论。