沿等色线的平衡微分方程及其在光弹性问题中的应用

本文利用正交曲线坐标,用简捷的方法导出正交曲线坐标系中的平衡微分方程;证明它是光弹性中著名的Lamé-Maxwell 方程和沿最大剪应力线的平衡微分方程的一般形式;并导出平面问题沿等色线的平衡微分方程,得出主应力差q、主应力和p 及主应力方向角(?)的一般关系式,举例说明了它的应用.1.正交曲线坐标的平衡微分方程设在ξη平面中,一点附近的微小单元体上的应     

大型偏心结构吊装欠约束问题研究

吊装施工过程中被吊模块的水平度是作业要求的重要指标,通常需要增加配重调平。传统有限元方法需要补充约束以消除单元刚体位移,且需要重复计算平衡方程来求解调平载荷,效率不高。将模块的运动分解为随动坐标系的整体运动以及相对该坐标系的弹性变形,可将欠约束问题化为多体系统的静平衡问题。基于虚功率原理推导了吊装平顺时刻的节点力平衡方程以及相应的切线刚度矩阵,并将配重表示为基础配重与载荷系数相乘的形式。通过对节点力平衡方程求导,得到一组以载荷系数为自变量的微分方程,通过求解微分方程并结合水平度判据,可快速搜寻满足水平度要求的载荷系数。数值算例表明,该方法在解决偏心模块吊装欠约束问题方面具有明显的优势,在确定配重载荷方面具有较快的速度和合理的精度。     

谈微元体平衡微分方程的教学法

从微梁段、部分截面微梁段、微矩形薄板和3维微元体的平衡问题入手,逐一分析平衡体中的应力与内力的关系,详细讨论这种关系的数学与力学意义并建立相应的平衡方程,考察了方程形式由常微分方程到偏微分方程组的变化,将分析结果列入表格进行对比,指出了微元体和应力状态在图示法上的区别,还总结了``用力的平衡条件可求应力'的前提条件和适用原则。     

球壳轴对称弯曲问题共轭二阶挠度微分方程

提出球壳轴对称弯曲问题共轭二阶挠度微分方程并给出了初等函数解. 球壳微分方程是薄壳理论三大壳之一旋转壳的典型方程. 共轭二阶挠度微分方程是球 壳中微分方程形式最简单的, 是人们最喜爱的挠度微分方程. 挠度微分方程满足边 界条件非常简单, 使球壳的计算得到很大的简化.     

纤维增强复合材料层合球壳的应力分析

1. 引言本文对受内压的复合材料球壳应用经典层合理论进行应力应变的分析。由一般球形壳体理论的五个平衡方程、六个几何方程及由层合理论导出的六个物理方程,共有十七个独立的方程可求解十七个未知函数,它们是三个中面位移、三个中面应变、三个曲面的曲率变化、五个应力合力、三个合力矩。应用球形壳体的应力函数U以后,得到二个基本微分方程。如为对称铺设此二基本微分方程可以简化。本文用有限差分法解此二基本微分方程。2. 基本方程的推导球壳的平衡方程如下:     

细长压杆大挠度问题非线性振动比拟

本文用非线性振动研究中的ＫＢＭ法和谐波平衡法来研究细长压杆的大挠度问题．避免解常微分方程，且结果具有较高的精度     

二次非线性粘弹性圆板的2/1⊕3/1超谐解

计及材料的非线性弹性和粘性性质 ,研究了圆板在简谐载荷作用下的 21 31超谐解 ,导出了相应的非线性动力方程。提出一类强非线性动力系统的叠加 叠代谐波平衡法。将描述动力系统的二阶常微分方程 ,化为基本解为未知函数的基本微分方程 ;及分岔解为未知函数的增量微分方程。通过叠加 迭代谐波平衡法得出了圆板的 21 31超谐解。对叠加迭代谐波平衡法和数值积分法进行了比较 ,两者结果吻合很好。并且讨论了 21 31超谐解的渐近稳定性     

细长压杆大挠度问题非线性振动比拟

本文用非线性振动研究中的ＫＢＭ法和谐波平衡法来研究细长压杆的大挠度问题，避免解常微分方程，且结果具有较高的精度。     

三维轴对称旋转等离子体的平衡方程以及与静力学平衡的比拟

对于一般三维轴对称旋转等离子体的平衡,1983年E.Hameiri曾给出其方程,它包括一个Bernoulli型积分,和一个复杂的非线性偏微分方程。后者包含五个任意一元函数。本文在假定密度是角向磁通的函数后,把偏微分方程简化为: L(f) a(f) R~2b(f) R~4c(f)=0 它仍然包含五个任意一元函数。这个方程可作为一种讨论三维轴对称旋转等离子体平衡的基础.如果c(f)=0,方程则化为Grad-Shafranov型方程.c(f)=0给出几个任意函数的一个关系。因此这时方程只包括四个任意一元函数。这样,我们就建立了有流动时的平衡与静力学平衡的比拟。对于纯环向旋转情形,1980年E.K.Maschke等曾给出其平衡方程,这是一个包含四个任意一元函数的非线性偏微分方程。本文未作任何假定,把它化为Grad-Shafranov方程,其中包括四个任意一元函数。从而也建立了纯环向旋转平衡与静力学平衡之间的比拟。如果再假定密度是磁通的函数,则可得到一个与上面方程类似的基本方程。     

薄板与圆柱薄壳大挠度计算的混合法

板壳几何非线性问题主要是从两个方面进行分析的:一是“微分方程法”,即求解非线性(对于薄板是指冯·卡门)微分方程组;二是“能量法”,即由总能量泛函的极值或驻值条件给出问题的解,也就是依据最小势能原理或最小余能原理来求解。本文提出一组介于“能量法”与“微分方程法”之间的混合方程:这就是,采用板、圆柱壳的中曲面势能泛函的极值方程以及挠曲平衡微分方程,共同作为分析其几何非线性问题的控制方程组。这组混合方程既有能量的概念又有平衡的概念——控制方程组中既有积分方程又有微分方程,这与传统的计算途径有所不同而具有一定的优越性。文中从变分原理证明了所提出的混合方程组的极值解即为该问题的真实解,并给出“中面自变函数u、v的泛函π的极值原理”。     

经典梁热过屈曲问题的解析解

基于非线性经典梁理论,建立了控制轴向和横向变形的基本方程,将两个非线性方程化简为一个关于横向挠度的四阶非线性积分-微分方程。对于本文所考虑的三类边界条件,该方程与相应的边界条件构成了微分特征值问题;直接求解该问题,得到热过屈曲构形的解析解,该解是外加热载荷的函数。为考察热载荷以及边界条件的影响,根据得到的解析解给出了一些数值算例,讨论了梁过屈曲行为的性质。本文得到的解析解可用于验证或改进各类近似理论和数值方法。     

Nonlinear flexural waves and chaos behavior in finite-deflection Timoshenko beam

Based on the Timoshenko beam theory, the finite-deflection and the axial inertia are taken into account, and the nonlinear partial differential equations for flexural waves in a beam are derived. Using the traveling wave method and integration skills, the nonlinear partial differential equations can be converted into an ordinary differential equation. The qualitative analysis indicates that the corresponding dynamic system has a heteroclinic orbit under a certain condition. An exact periodic solution of the nonlinear wave equation is obtained using the Jacobi elliptic function expansion. When the modulus of the Jacobi elliptic function tends to one in the degenerate case, a shock wave solution is given. The small perturbations are further introduced, arising from the damping and the external load to an original Hamilton system, and the threshold condition of the existence of the transverse heteroclinic point is obtained using Melnikov＇s method. It is shown that the perturbed system has a chaotic property under the Smale horseshoe transform.     

Stress concentration near a thin elastic inclusion under interaction with harmonic waves in the case of smooth contact

We solve the problem on the interaction of plane harmonic waves with a thin elastic plate-shaped inclusion. The ambient medium is assumed to be in plane strain. The smooth contact conditions are satisfied on both sides of the inclusion. The bending displacements of the inclusion are determined from the corresponding differential equation. In the statement of boundary conditions for this equation, one should take into account the transverse forces and bending moments applied to the lateral edges of the inclusion, while the boundary conditions are posed on the midplane of the inclusion. Using the discontinuous solution method, we reduce the problem to a system of two singular integral equations, which are solved numerically by the mechanical quadrature method. We obtain approximate formulas for the stress intensity coefficients near the ends of the inclusion and for the transverse forces and moments applied to the inclusion.     

Constructing an analytical solution for lamb waves using the cosserat continuum approach

The problem of propagation of a Lamb elastic wave in a thin plate is considered using the Cosserat continuum model. The deformed state is characterized by independent displacement and rotation vectors. Solutions of the equations of motion are sought in the form of wave packets specified by a Fourier spectrum of an arbitrary shape for three components of the displacement vector and three components of the rotation vector which depend on time, depth, and the longitudinal coordinate. The initial system of equations is split into two systems, one of which describes a Lamb wave and the second corresponds to a transverse wave whose amplitude depends on depth. Analytical solutions in displacements are obtained for the waves of both types. Unlike the solution for Lamb waves, the solution obtained for the transverse wave has no analogs in classical elasticity theory. The solution for the transverse wave is compared with the solution for the Lamb wave. __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 143–150, January–February, 2007. An erratum to this article is available at .     

弱粘结的斜交铺设层合圆柱壳的柱形弯曲

导出了两端简文的具有弱粘结界面的任意斜交铺设层合圆柱壳柱形弯曲问题的一个精确弹性理论解。分析中采用线性弹簧模型来表征界面的弱粘结特性。引进新的物理量改写了基本方程,导出了对应的状态空间列式,并利用变量替换技术将该状态方程转换成常系数状态方程,从而方便求解。最后给出了数值算例,并讨论了弱界面的影响。     

Geometrically non-linear free and forced vibrations of simply supported circular cylindrical shells: A semi-analytical approach

The non-linear free and forced vibrations of simply supported thin circular cylindrical shells are investigated using Lagrange's equations and an improved transverse displacement expansion. The purpose of this approach was to provide engineers and designers with an easy method for determining the shell non-linear mode shapes, with their corresponding amplitude dependent non-linear frequencies. The Donnell non-linear shell theory has been used and the flexural deformations at large vibration amplitudes have been taken into account. The transverse displacement expansion has been made using two terms including both the driven and the axisymmetric modes, and satisfying the simply supported boundary conditions. The non-linear dynamic variational problem obtained by applying Lagrange's equations was then transformed into a static case by adopting the harmonic balance method. Minimisation of the energy functional with respect to the basic function contribution coefficients has led to a simple non-linear multi-modal equation, the solution of which gives in the case of a single mode assumption an expression for the non-linear frequencies which is much simpler than that derived from the non-linear partial differential equation obtained previously by several authors. Quantitative results based on the present approach have been computed and compared with experimental data. The good agreement found was very satisfactory, in comparison with previous old and recent theoretical approaches, based on sophisticated numerical methods, such as the finite element method (FEM), the method of normal forms (MNF), and analytical methods, such as the perturbation method.     

On the Interaction of Closely Spaced Circular Openings in a Transversely Isotropic Shallow Cylindrical Shell

A transversally isotropic shallow cylindrical shell with two different circular openings under axial tension is examined. The centers of the openings are aligned along a generatrix. Stresses are evaluated by finding an approximate analytical solution to differential equations of a two-dimensional shell theory that takes transverse shears into account. The results are compared with those obtained by the finite-element method     

The effect of initial geometric imperfection on the nonlinear resonance of functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite rectangular plates

The purpose of the present study is to examine the impact of initial geometric imperfection on the nonlinear dynamical characteristics of functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite (FG-CNTRC) rectangular plates under a harmonic excitation transverse load. The considered plate is assumed to be made of matrix and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). The rule of mixture is employed to calculate the effective material properties of the plate. Within the framework of the parabolic shear deformation plate theory with taking the influence of transverse shear deformation and rotary inertia into account, Hamilton’s principle is utilized to derive the geometrically nonlinear mathematical formulation including the governing equations and corresponding boundary conditions of initially imperfect FG-CNTRC plates. Afterwards, with the aid of an efficient multistep numerical solution methodology, the frequency-amplitude and forcing-amplitude curves of initially imperfect FG-CNTRC rectangular plates with various edge conditions are provided, demonstrating the influence of initial imperfection, geometrical parameters, and edge conditions. It is displayed that an increase in the initial geometric imperfection intensifies the softening-type behavior of system, while no softening behavior can be found in the frequency-amplitude curve of a perfect plate.     

轴向运动导电薄板磁弹性耦合动力学理论模型

针对磁场环境中轴向运动导电薄板的动力学理论建模问题进行研究,得到较为完备的磁弹性耦合振动基本方程及相应的补充关系式。在考虑几何非线性效应下,给出薄板运动的动能、应变能以及外力虚功的表达式。应用哈密顿变分原理,推得磁场中轴向运动薄板的非线性磁弹性耦合振动方程,并得到力和位移满足的边界条件。基于麦克斯威尔电磁场方程,并考虑相应的电磁本构关系和电磁边界条件,推得任意磁场环境中轴向运动导电薄板满足的电动力学方程和所受电磁力表达式。分别针对纵向磁场环境、横向磁场环境、条形板等具体情形,给出了振动方程、电动力学方程和电磁力的简化形式。所得结果,可为此类问题的进一步求解和分析提供理论参考。