拉压异性材料含受压圆孔大平板的极限分析

探讨了广义双剪应力强度理论在平面应力状态下的屈服轨迹及其方程式,并用于拉压异性材料圆孔受内压的极限分析,得到了与拉压比有关的弹性极限内压力,弹塑性区的应力、塑性内压力与弹塑性分界半径之间的关系、塑性区的最大半径和最大内压力,所得极值均高于用莫尔强度理论分析的结果。     

不同拉压特性的厚壁球壳分析

为了研究内压作用下厚壁球壳的弹塑性性能,以双剪统一强度理论为基础,考虑材料拉压模量不同、拉压强度差异,建立了厚壁球壳的弹性、塑性及安定极限内压的统一解,分析了拉压模量、拉压强度、壁厚不同对各个统一解的影响。研究结果表明:材料的拉压模量不同、拉压强度差异对厚壁球壳的极限内压产生一定的影响;弹性、塑性及安定极限内压均随壁厚的增加而增大,随拉压比的增大而减小。安定极限内压随半径比的变化趋势,可为选择最优壁厚提供参考。该结论为厚壁球壳的设计及工程应用提供一定的参考。     

双连梁短肢剪力墙结构的随机损伤演化分析

基本于概率密度演化方法和混凝土弹塑性损伤本构模型,本文针对一类新型双连梁短肢剪力墙开展了随机损失演化模拟研究.基于广义概率密度方程分别研究了结构荷载与受拉、受剪损伤随机过程,分析了三者在结构受力全过程中均值、方差以及变异系数的变化特征;通过不同随机参数组合计算结果与结构均值反应的对比,发现宏观结构荷载-位移曲线和细观受拉、受剪损伤随位移变化过程之间存在很大差异;通过分析研究典型位移水平下结构荷载与受拉、受剪损伤的概率密度曲线以及其极限状态下各自所对应的等概率线分布,不仅阐释了随机损伤演化的多样性与复杂性,而且为从本质上认识非线性问题提供了可能途径.     

基于双剪统一强度理论的厚壁圆筒塑性极限载荷分析

应用双剪统一强度理论,考虑材料的拉压异性和同性,推导了在内压和轴力联合作用下的厚壁圆筒的塑性极限载荷表达式．在该表达式中,当其系数取不同的值时,就能得到按Tresca屈服准则、线性逼近的Mises屈服准则和双剪应力屈服准则进行计算的结果．     

不同拉压特性的厚壁圆筒极限内压统一解

厚壁圆筒在实际工程领域中应用广泛,若能精确计算出极限内压,对预防事故发生,降低风险有重要意义.工程中存在许多材料,其拉压强度和拉压模量均存在差异,这些差异对极限内压的大小有显著影响.以往研究表明,仅考虑拉压强度与拉压模量的一个方面,计算结果与实际情况存在一定的误差.本文基于双剪统一强度理论,综合考虑中间主应力效应及材料拉压强度和拉压模量的不同,推导了内压作用下厚壁圆筒的弹、塑性状态的应力分布及弹性极限内压、塑性极限内压与安定极限内压的统一解,通过与其他文献对比分析验证了本文计算结果的正确性,分析了半径比、统一强度理论参数、拉压强度比与拉压模量系数对弹性极限内压、塑性极限内压及安定极限内压的影响.结果表明:统一解均随半径比和统一强度理论参数的增大而增大,随拉压强度比的增大而减小,弹性极限内压随材料拉压模量系数的增大而减小,当壁厚增加到一定值后,安定极限内压随材料拉压模量系数的增大而减小;材料的拉压模量不同、拉压强度差异对厚壁圆筒的安定性影响显著,考虑中间主应力效应可使材料的潜能得到更充分发挥,极限内压随半径比的变化规律可为选择合理壁厚提供参考,该结论可为厚壁圆筒的工程应用提供理论依据.     

砂土统一模型的显式计算及加载速度影响研究

以砂土体渐进破坏问题为背景，采用显式方法进行高、低压下砂土统一模型的二次开发以克服隐式算法在软化计算中的强非线性不收敛问题，实现具有剪胀软化、剪缩硬化特性材料的模拟计算．在此基础上开展三个压力等级、不同位移加载速度条件下的平面应变压缩试验，分析位移加载速度对显式计算结果的影响效应．通过分析得到结论：(1)采用动力学显式算法对常压至高压范围的砂土统一模型进行计算是可行的，受荷响应随加载速度的降低逐渐趋于稳定并最终得到静力学计算结果，能够反映砂土在低压下的剪胀软化以及高压下的剪缩硬化特性；(2)砂土统一模型的显式计算结果受加载速度的影响呈双折线趋势，并存在加载速度界限值，试样在加载速度界限值前后呈现不同的受荷变形破坏形态；(3)采用显式计算方法开展砂土统一模型的准静态模拟过程中，须结合计算结果偏差面积比随加载速度的关系曲线，来确定满足一定偏差面积比并且小于界限值的准静态位移加载速度．     

由一个实例引发的对莫尔理论和双剪统一强度理论的改进

以某型火炮身管设计为例,采用双剪统一强度理论对火炮身管的壁厚进行了设计。然而,在火炮身管强度计算中得出了如下结论:当身管外径平方与内径平方之比小于1+b时,若材料的其它参数不变,材料的压缩屈服极限越大,其所能承受内压的能力越差,b为双剪统一强度理论中的参数。这是有悖常理的。针对该现象本文考虑各主应力的正负取值情况,对库伦—莫尔理论和双剪统一强度理论的改进问题进行了探讨。并应用改进的双剪统一强度理论再次计算,得到了满意的结果。     

拉压性能不同材料厚壁圆筒和厚壁球壳的极限压力分析

本文用广义双剪应力强度理论对拉压性能不同的材料制成的厚壁圆筒和厚壁球壳进行了弹塑性应力分析，得出与拉压比有关的弹性极限内压力、塑性极限内压力、弹塑性区的应力以及弹塑性内压力与弹塑性半径之间的关系式．     

裂纹尖端弹塑性变形的实验测量与有限元计算

用显微网格数字图像处理方法，测量了Ｆｅ－Ｓｉ材料平面应力条件下Ⅰ型单边裂纹尖端附近的应变场，并且用弹塑性有限元程序进行了数值模拟。对实测结果和有限元计算模拟结果进行了对比分析。结果表明：逐级更新拉格朗日坐标体系下的弹塑性有限元计算在裂纹尖端不出现严重钝化和损伤的条件下，可以正确反映裂尖区域的弹塑性变形。在裂纹接近临界扩展时，有限元计算与实测结果之间有较大差别，其原因有待进一步研究。     

考虑拉压强度差效应的厚壁圆筒承载能力分析

应用双剪统一强度理论，考虑材料的拉压异性和同性，推导了在内压力和轴力联合作用下的厚壁圆筒的塑性极限载荷表达式．在该表达式中，当反映中间主应力效应的系数取不同的值时，就能得到按Tresca屈服准则、线性逼近的Mises屈服准则和双剪应力屈服准则的计算结果，并且绘制了在相应准则下的极限应力线图．从而可知：在三维应力状态下，应用该理论，可以获得极限载荷分析的精确解；极限载荷线图与三种屈服准则的屈服曲线是相吻合的；计算的结果可以用于拉压异性和同性的材料，为工程应用提供了理论依据．     

Unified elastoplastic finite difference and its application

Two elastoplastic constitutive models based on the unified strength theory (UST) are established and implemented in an explicit finite difference code, fast Lagrangian analysis of continua (FLAC/FLAC3D), which includes an associated/non-associated flow rule, strain-hardening/softening, and solutions of singularities. Those two constitutive models are appropriate for metallic and strength-different (SD) materials, respectively. Two verification examples are used to compare the computation results and test data using the two-dimensional finite difference code FLAC and the finite element code ANSYS, and the two constitutive models proposed in this paper are verified. Two application examples, the large deformation of a prismatic bar and the strain-softening behavior of soft rock under a complex stress state, are analyzed using the three-dimensional code FLAC3D. The two new elastoplastic constitutive models proposed in this paper can be used in bearing capacity evaluation or stability analysis of structures built of metallic or SD materials. The effect of the intermediate principal stress on metallic or SD material structures under complex stress states, including large deformation, three-dimensional and non-association problems, can be analyzed easily using the two constitutive models proposed in this paper.     

Effect of intermediate principal stress on flat-ended punch problems

The intermediate principal stress has certain effects on the yield strength of metallic materials under complex stress states. The flat-ended punch problem is a classical and fundamental problem in plasticity theory and mechanical engineering in which the metal beneath a flat-ended punch is under complex stress states. Using the finite difference codes, fast Lagrangian analysis of continua and Unified Strength Theory, the effect of the intermediate principal stress on the flat-ended punch problem is analyzed in this paper. First, the limit pressures of strip and circular punches pressed into an elastoplastic and homogeneous metallic medium are calculated by the two-dimensional finite difference method. The problems of square and rectangular punches are analyzed by the three-dimensional finite difference method. Finally, the effect of the intermediate principal stress on flat-ended punch problems with different punch geometries is analyzed.     

基于双剪统一强度理论的复式钢管混凝土轴压承载力计算

考虑内、外钢管对混凝土的双重约束作用, 分析复式钢管混凝土的轴压应力状态, 采用双剪统一强度理论分析混凝土和钢管各自的极限轴压强度, 得出复式钢管混凝土轴压承载力公式; 通过推导钢管在极限状态的强度折减系数及钢管与混凝土之间的紧箍力值, 计算出的轴压承载力与试验数据进行对比, 吻合较好, 验证了双剪统一强度理论在复式钢管混凝土轴压承载力计算中的适用性; 并给出了内圆钢管的径厚比和直径与轴压承载力提高系数的关系, 为复式钢管混凝土的优化设计提供理论依据.     

Postbuckling analysis of laminated composite plates subjected to the combination of in-plane shear,compression and lateral loading

This study deals with postbuckling behavior of laminated composite plates under the combination of in-plane shear, compression and lateral loading using an Element-based Lagrangian formulation. Natural co-ordinate-based strains, stresses and constitutive equations are used in the present shell element. The Element-based Lagrangian formulation described in this paper, in comparison with the traditional approaches, is more attractive not only because it uses only single mapping but also it converges faster. In addition, the finite element (FE) formulation based on the assumed natural strain method for composite structures shows excellence from the standpoints of computational efficiency as well as its ability to avoid both membrane and shear locking behavior. The numerical results obtained are in good agreement with those reported by other investigators. In particular, new results reported in this paper show the influence of various types of loading, materials and number of layers on postbuckling behavior.     

Finite element analysis of the piezocone test in cohesive soils using an elastoplastic–viscoplastic model and updated Lagrangian formulation

In this research, the finite element analysis of piezocone penetration has been conducted using the elastoplastic–viscoplastic bounding surface model in the updated Lagrangian reference frame. A finite element formulation has been performed considering the viscoplastic contribution of the model and the theory of mixtures has been incorporated to explain the behavior of the soil. The formulated model has been implemented into a finite element program, EPVPCS-S (elastoplastic–viscoplastic coupled system-soil), to analyze the mechanism of piezocone penetration. The results of the finite element analysis have been compared and investigated with the experimental results from the piezocone penetration and dissipation tests conducted using LSU/CALCHAS (Louisiana State University Calibration Chamber System).     

On the plastic bifurcation and post-bifurcation of axially compressed beams

The paper presents two new results in the domain of the elastoplastic buckling and post-buckling of beams under axial compression. (i) First, the tangent modulus critical load, the buckling mode and the initial slope of the bifurcated branch are given for a Timoshenko beam (with the transverse shear effects). The result is derived from the 3D J₂ flow plastic bifurcation theory with the von Mises yield criterion and a linear isotropic hardening. (ii) Second, use is made of a specific method in order to provide the asymptotic expansion of the post-critical branch for a Euler-Bernoulli beam, exhibiting one new non-linear fractional term. All the analytical results are validated by finite element computations.     

无额外自由度广义有限元非线性分析

将无额外自由度的广义有限元法由线弹性分析扩展到弹塑性大变形分析.局部强化函数的构建依赖于已有节点,不引入额外自由度,避免了线性相关性问题.在更新拉格朗日框架下,通过控制方程弱形式的线性化推导得到了节点内力的率形式,并分为材料和几何两部分.考虑超弹性和亚弹-塑性两种材料模型,采用Newton-Raphson迭代求解,给出了相关的一致切线刚度阵.三个典型算例的数值结果表明,本文发展的非线性无额外自由度广义有限元方法不仅能够准确求解超弹性和弹塑性大变形问题,同时相比于传统的线性有限元方法具有更高的精度.本文工作进一步拓宽了无额外自由度广义有限元方法的应用领域.