离散精细时程积分的自适应求积算法研究

基于Hamilton体系下的精细时程积分方法,通过对载荷项进行离散,应用中值法使载荷项在时间步长内为常值,从而将非齐次动力方程转化为齐次动力方程,避免了矩阵的求逆运算;基于积分区间逐次半分的思想实现了任意时间步长的自适应求积。数值算例结果表明:在同等时间步长的非齐次系统中,精细时程积分的最大误差为中心差分法的2.8%,为Newmark法的2.2%,最大求解误差仅为0.029%。这充分说明了本文的离散精细时程积分的自适应求积算法具有很好的收敛性。     

一种广义精细积分法

提出了求解非齐次动力方程特解的一种精细数值积分法，该方法与通解 精细积分法具有相同精度. 首先选取一个积分形式的非齐次方程特解，将积分区域划分为 2$^{N}$份，并对之进行精细的数值积分；然后针对载荷为多项式、指数函数及三角函数的情 况，将积分求和转化为一个递推过程，按此只需$n$次矩阵乘法就能计算出积分和，从而得到 非齐次方程的特解. 该方法的优点是能与通解的精细积分过程有机地结合起来，具有极高的 精度和效率，同时还具有较广泛的适用范围. 算例结果证明了该方法的有效性.     

精细时程积分法及其数值衍生格式应用评估

旋翼气动弹性耦合动力学方程本质上是一组刚性比较大的非线性偏微分方程。在有限元结构离散后，可改写为非齐次微分方程组，其中非齐次项是桨叶运动量（位移与速度）和气动载荷的函数。针对这类方程，本文尝试引入精细积分法及其衍生格式，借助数值方法计算Duhamel积分项。从积分精度与数值稳定性方面比较研究具有代表性的精细库塔法和高精度直接积分法。结合隐式积分算法，评估精细积分法应用于旋翼动力学方程的可行性。算例表明，精细积分法对矩形直桨叶动力学方程具有足够的求解精度。     

精细时程积分法及其数值衍生格式应用评估

旋翼气动弹性耦合动力学方程本质上是一组刚性比较大的非线性偏微分方程。在有限元结构离散后,可改写为非齐次微分方程组,其中非齐次项是桨叶运动量(位移与速度)和气动载荷的函数。针对这类方程,本文尝试引入精细积分法及其衍生格式,借助数值方法计算Duhamel积分项。从积分精度与数值稳定性方面比较研究具有代表性的精细库塔法和高精度直接积分法。结合隐式积分算法,评估精细积分法应用于旋翼动力学方程的可行性。算例表明,精细积分法对矩形直桨叶动力学方程具有足够的求解精度。     

饱和两相介质动力固结问题时域求解的精细时程积分方法

针对u-p形式的饱和两相介质波动方程,采用精细时程积分方法计算固相位移u,采用向后差分算法求解流体压力p,建立了饱和两相介质动力固结问题时域求解的精细时程积分方法。针对标准算例,对该方法的计算精度进行了校核。开展了该方法相关算法特性的研究,对采用不同数值积分方法计算非齐次波动方程特解项计算精度的差异进行了对比研究,并对采用不同积分点数目的高斯积分法计算特解项条件下计算精度的差异进行了对比研究。研究结果表明,(1)该方法具有良好的计算精度。(2)计算非齐次波动方程特解项的数值积分方法中,梯形积分法的计算精度最差,高斯积分法、辛普生积分法和科茨积分法都具有较好的计算精度。(3)增加高斯积分点数目对于提高计算精度的作用并不显著。     

一类指数矩阵函数及其应用

研究了一阶常微分方程组特解的精细积分方法. 针对非齐次项为多项式、指数函数以及二者的乘积的情况,在Duhamel积分形式特解的基础上,引入了一类指数矩阵函数. 通过该类函数的线性组合即可表达出非齐次方程的特解. 建立了该类指数矩阵函数的一种高效递推算法,并在此基础上实现了特解的精细积分. 由于特解的积分过程能充分利用通解精细积分过程的中间量,因此两个精细积分过程能有机地结合起来,形成了一种高效、统一的广义精细积分法. 对上述递推算法做了进一步优化,并给出了通用的计算公式.算例结果证明了该方法的有效性.      

非线性动力方程的三次样条-增维精细算法

提出一种针对非线性动力方程的改进精细积分方法。该方法是在时间步长内采用分段的三次样条函数拟合非齐次项,保持高精度拟合的同时避免了求导运算和高次多项式插值带来的Runge现象。通过引入4×2个变量将动力方程增加四维转化为齐次方程,并建立相应的通解格式,避免了状态空间下系统矩阵求逆。将指数矩阵分为四个子模块,利用各模块的特点分别进行理论推导及基于精细积分法进行分步、分块计算得到相应的理论解和高精度数值解,无需反复计算整个指数矩阵,提高了解算效率。针对含未知状态量的非齐次项,引入预测-校正的方法进行迭代求解。数值计算结果表明了本文方法的有效性。     

非齐次动力方程Duhamel项的精细积分

提出了不需要矩阵求逆运算的求解Duhamel积分项的精细积分方法.通过将精细积分法的关键思想--加法定理和增量存储--直接应用于Duhamel积分响应矩阵的求解,可给出当非齐次项分别为多项式、正弦/余弦以及指数函数等基本形式时Duhamel积分在计算机上的精确解.特别的,该算法不依赖于系统矩阵(或相关矩阵)的形态.当系统矩阵奇异或接近奇异时,其优越性更为显著.算例验证了该算法的有效性.     

瞬态热传导问题的精细积分-双重互易边界元法

采用双重互易边界元法结合精细积分法求解二维含热源的瞬态热传导问题。针对边界积分方程中热源项和温度关于时间导数项引起的域积分,采用双重互易法处理,将域积分转换为边界积分。采用边界元法将边界积分方程离散后,得到关于时间的微分方程组,并利用精细积分法处理其中的指数型矩阵;对于微分方程组中由边界条件和热源项引起的非齐次项,采用解析的方法计算。为了比较精细积分-双重互易边界元法的计算效果,同时使用有限差分法计算温度对时间的导数项。通过数值算例验证了本文方法的有效性和精确性。计算结果表明:时间步长对于精细积分-双重互易边界元法的结果影响较小,而有限差分法对时间步长比较敏感且只在时间步长选取较小时有效;当选取较大时间步长时,精细积分-双重互易边界元法依然具有良好的计算精度。     

增维精细积分法的适用范围研究

对线性定常结构动力系统提出的增维精细积分法,能够将非齐次动力方程转化为齐次动力方程,不用对状态矩阵求逆就能方便高效地求解出结构的动力响应。本文在仔细分析增维精细积分法性质的基础上,提出了其适用条件,进一步拓宽了其应用范围,并给出了将荷载项展开成傅里叶级数时,相应增维精细积分法的表达式。同时,在一个时间步长内,通过对非齐次项作线性化假设,成功地将增维精细积分法应用到了非线性动力分析领域。本文方法计算格式统一,易于编程,具有很高的计算效率。数值算例证明了本文方法的有效性。     

An iterative parallel algorithm of finite element method

In this paper, a parallel algorithm with iterative form for solving finite element equation is presented. Based on the iterative solution of linear algebra equations, the parallel computational steps are introduced in this method. Also by using the weighted residual method and choosing the appropriate weighting functions, the finite element basic form of parallel algorithm is deduced. The program of this algorithm has been realized on the ELXSI-6400 parallel computer of Xi'an Jiaotong University. The computational results show the operational speed will be raised and the CPU time will be cut down effectively. So this method is one kind of effective parallel algorithm for solving the finite element equations of large-scale structures.     

Analysis of multifluid flows with large time steps using the particle finite element method

Multifluids are those fluids in which their physical properties (viscosity or density) vary internally and abruptly forming internal interfaces that introduce a large nonlinearity in the Navier–Stokes equations. For this reason, standard numerical methods require very small time steps in order to solve accurately the internal interface position. In a previous paper, the authors developed a particle‐based method (named particle finite element method (PFEM)) based on a Lagrangian formulation and FEM for solving the fluid mechanics equations for multifluids. PFEM was capable of achieving accurate results, but the limitation of small time steps was still present. In this work, a new strategy concerning the time integration for the analysis of multifluids is developed allowing time steps one order of magnitude larger than the previous method. The advantage of using a Lagrangian solution with PFEM is shown in several examples. All kind of heterogeneous fluids (with different densities or viscosities), multiphase flows with internal interfaces, breaking waves, and fluid separation may be easily solved with this methodology without the need of small time steps. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

岩质圆形隧洞围岩应力场弹塑性新解

针对动态接触问题的有限元并行计算，提出了一种新的接触算法. 新算法引入局部拉氏 乘子技术来计算接触力. 由于同时考虑了无穿透的接触约束条件和相邻接触对的相互影响， 较之广泛使用的罚参数法，新算法使接触约束条件和系统平衡方程得到更充分的满足. 虽然 为提高接触计算精度而在局部采用了迭代技术，但算法仍然具有较高的效率，且与显式时间 积分方案完全相容. 此外，通过构造专门的区域分解方案，实现了将现有为串行程序开发的 搜索算法平滑移植到并行环境的目标. 数值算例表明，所提出的接触算法具有很好的并行性， 在保证了接触问题并行计算精度的同时，取得了满意的并行效率.     

Recursive geometric integrators for wave propagation in a functionally graded multilayered elastic medium

The differential equations governing transfer and stiffness matrices and acoustic impedance for a functionally graded generally anisotropic magneto-electro-elastic medium have been obtained. It is shown that the transfer matrix satisfies a linear 1st order matrix differential equation, while the stiffness matrix satisfies a nonlinear Riccati equation. For a thin nonhomogeneous layer, approximate solutions with different levels of accuracy have been formulated in the form of a transfer matrix using a geometrical integration in the form of a Magnus expansion. This integration method preserves qualitative features of the exact solution of the differential equation, in particular energy conservation. The wave propagation solution for a thick layer or a multilayered structure of inhomogeneous layers is obtained recursively from the thin layer solutions. Since the transfer matrix solution becomes computationally unstable with increase of frequency or layer thickness, we reformulate the solution in the form of a stable stiffness-matrix solution which is obtained from the relation of the stiffness matrices to the transfer matrices. Using an efficient recursive algorithm, the stiffness matrices of the thin nonhomogeneous layer are combined to obtain the total stiffness matrix for an arbitrary functionally graded multilayered system. It is shown that the round-off error for the stiffness-matrix recursive algorithm is higher than that for the transfer matrices. To optimize the recursive procedure, a computationally stable hybrid method is proposed which first starts the recursive computation with the transfer matrices and then, as the thickness increases, transits to the stiffness matrix recursive algorithm. Numerical results show this solution to be stable and efficient. As an application example, we calculate the surface wave velocity dispersion for a functionally graded coating on a semispace.     

非线性阻尼动力方程的复合积分法

非线性动力方程直接积分法的基础是构造$t$时刻与t+\Delta t时刻状态量间的关系, 由此形成基本量的非线性方程组, 再在每个时间步内采用 Newton-Raphson或BFGS等迭代方法求解. 该文基于Bathe复合积分法(composite implicit time integration), 提出了非线性阻尼系统基于速度变量的复合时间 积分迭代格式. 以非线性黏滞阻尼Sdof系统为例, 按上述方法以及基于BFGS迭代 的Newmark-\beta法编制Fortran程序, 结果与Adina软件对比, 验证了该文方法的有效性.     

General solution for large deflection problems of nonhomogeneous circular plates on elastic foundation

In this paper, a new method is presented based on [1]. It can be used to solve the arbitrary nonlinear system of differential equations with variable coefficients. By this method, the general solution for large deformation of nonhomogeneous circular plates resting on an elastic foundation is derived. The convergence of the solution is proved. Finally, it is only necessary to solve a set of nonlinear algebraic equations with three unknowns. The solution obtained by the present method has large convergence range and the computation is simpler and more rapid than other numerical methods.Numerical examples given at the end of this paper indicate that satisfactory results of stress resullants and displacements can be obtained by the present method. The correctness of the theory in this paper is, confirmed.     

结构动力方程的样条精细积分法

结合精细积分法和样条函数拟合技术的优点,提出了求解结构动力方程的一种有效方法.首先对非齐次项用三次正规化B样条函数进行拟合,然后利用正规化B样条函数形状相同、仅相差一个平移量的特点,构造了一个高效的特解求解方法.按此方法只需求出一个标准B样条项所对应的特解,然后通过时间坐标的平移并结合叠加原理,即可求出任意时刻的特解值.由于特解计算中采用数值积分的方法,避免了矩阵求逆,因而本方法具有较大的适用范围.算例结果证明了该方法的有效性.     

用拟压缩性方法求解不可压Euler方程

用拟压缩性方法和Ｊａｍｅｓｏｎ的有限体积算法求解了二维和三维定常可可压Ｅｕｌｅｒ方程。分别采用显、隐式时间离散推进求解;分析了人工粘性的阶数对定常解收敛性的影响,应用该方法计算了单个翼型和翼身组合体的低速绕流,结果与实验吻合较好。     

一种基于Hamel形式的无条件稳定动力学积分算法

Time integration algorithm is a key issue in solving dynamical system. An unconditionally stable Hamel generalized α method is proposed to solve the instability issue arising in the time integration of dynamic equations and to eliminate the pseudo high order harmonics incurred by the spatial discretization of finite element simultaneously. Therefore, the development of numerical integration algorithm to solve the above-mentioned problems has important theoretical and application value. The algorithm proposed in this paper is developed based on the moving frame method and Hamel’s field variational integrators along with the strategy to construct an unconditionally stable Hamel generalized α method. It is shown that a new numerical formalism with higher accuracy can be derived under the same framework of the unconditional stable algorithm established through a special variational formalism and variational integrators. The above-mentioned formalism can be extended from general linear space to Lie group by utilizing the moving frame method and the Lie group formalism of the Hamel generalized α method has been obtained. Both the convergence and stability of the algorithm are discussed, and some numerical examples are presented to verify the conclusion. It is demonstrated by the theoretical analysis that the Hamel generalized α method proposed in the paper is unconditionally stable, second-order accurate and can quickly filter out pseudo high-frequency harmonics. Both conventional and proposed methods have been applied to numerical examples respectively. Comparisons between results of numerical examples show that the aforementioned advantages of the proposed method in terms of accuracy, dissipation and stability are tested and verified. At the same time, it can be developed that new numerical integration algorithms with even higher order accuracy. The scheme can also be proposed, which is suitable for both general linear space and Lie group space. A new way for constructing variational integrators is also obtained in this paper.