三峡升船机船—水—厢耦合系统的非线性有限元时域计算

根据三峡升船机船厢的受力特点，在船厢的纵剖面上建立了非线性水波方程和船—水—厢的耦合运动方程。对非线性水波方程利用摄动理论进行分解得到一阶方程和二阶方程，然后运用伽辽金法得到耦合的有限元离散方程，结合精细积分法进行时域计算。计算采用平面八节点等参单元，并给出了若干算例。     

弱非线性动力学方程的 Noether 准对称性与近似 Noether 守恒量

自然界和工程技术领域存在大量的非线性问题,它们通常需要用非线性微分方程来描述. 守恒量在微分方程的求解、约化和定性分析方面发挥重要作用. 因此,研究非线性动力学方程的近似守恒量具有重要意义. 文章利用 Noether 对称性方法研究弱非线性动力学方程的近似守恒量. 首先,将弱非线性动力学方程化为一般完整系统的 Lagrange 方程,在 Lagrange 框架下建立 Noether 准对称性的定义和广义 Noether 等式,给出近似 Noether 守恒量. 其次,将弱非线性动力学方程化为相空间中一般完整系统的 Hamilton 方程,在 Hamilton 框架下建立 Noether 准对称性的定义和广义 Noether 等式,给出近似 Noether 守恒量. 再次,将弱非线性动力学方程化为广义 Birkhoff 方程,在 Birkhoff 框架下建立 Noether 准对称性的定义和广义 Noether 等式,给出近似 Noether 守恒量. 最后,以著名的 van der Pol 方程,Duffing 方程以及弱非线性耦合振子为例,分析三个不同框架下弱非线性系统的 Noether 准对称性与近似 Noether 守恒量的计算. 结果表明:同一弱非线性动力学方程可以化为不同的一般完整系统或不同的广义 Birkhoff 系统;Hamilton 框架下的结果是 Birkhoff 框架的特例,而 Lagrange 框架下的结果与 Hamilton 框架的等价. 利用 Noether 对称性方法寻找弱非线性动力学方程的近似守恒量不仅方便有效,而且具有较大的灵活性.      

波-流相互作用的缓坡方程及其波作用量守恒

当表面波从开阔海域传播至近岸水域时，普遍的波一流相互作用经受着海底的强烈影响．运用水波Hamilton变分原理，建立了近岸水域任意水深变化海底上波一流相互作用的缓坡方程．它可包含波、流和水深一般变化的二阶效应，约化为某些典型的缓坡型方程．据此得出广义程函方程，并且证明该缓坡方程的波作用量守恒．     

NOETHER QUASI-SYMMETRY AND APPROXIMATE NOETHER CONSERVATION LAWS FOR WEAKLY NONLINEAR DYNAMICAL EQUATIONS 1)

自然界和工程技术领域存在大量的非线性问题,它们通常需要用非线性微分方程来描述. 守恒量在微分方程的求解、约化和定性分析方面发挥重要作用. 因此,研究非线性动力学方程的近似守恒量具有重要意义. 文章利用 Noether 对称性方法研究弱非线性动力学方程的近似守恒量. 首先,将弱非线性动力学方程化为一般完整系统的 Lagrange 方程,在 Lagrange 框架下建立 Noether 准对称性的定义和广义 Noether 等式,给出近似 Noether 守恒量. 其次,将弱非线性动力学方程化为相空间中一般完整系统的 Hamilton 方程,在 Hamilton 框架下建立 Noether 准对称性的定义和广义 Noether 等式,给出近似 Noether 守恒量. 再次,将弱非线性动力学方程化为广义 Birkhoff 方程,在 Birkhoff 框架下建立 Noether 准对称性的定义和广义 Noether 等式,给出近似 Noether 守恒量. 最后,以著名的 van der Pol 方程,Duffing 方程以及弱非线性耦合振子为例,分析三个不同框架下弱非线性系统的 Noether 准对称性与近似 Noether 守恒量的计算. 结果表明：同一弱非线性动力学方程可以化为不同的一般完整系统或不同的广义 Birkhoff 系统;Hamilton 框架下的结果是 Birkhoff 框架的特例,而 Lagrange 框架下的结果与 Hamilton 框架的等价. 利用 Noether 对称性方法寻找弱非线性动力学方程的近似守恒量不仅方便有效,而且具有较大的灵活性.     

考虑地基耦合效应时中厚矩形板的非线性自由振动分析

基于各向同性中厚板理论，考虑板的非线性效应和地基耦合效应．应用Hamilton变分原理，建立了双参数地基上周边自由中厚矩形板的非线性运动控制方程，提出了一组满足问题全部边界条件的试函数。应用伽辽金法和谐波平衡法对方程进行求解。讨论了板的结构参数和地基的物理参数对弹性地基上周边自由中厚矩形板的非线性自由振动特性的影响。     

非线性最优控制系统的时程精细计算研究

针对非线性最优控制问题 ,通过一阶 Taylor级数展开 ,得到线性化的动力学方程 ,进而在方程原变量的基础上 ,引入对偶向量 (Lagrange乘子向量 ) ,将动力学方程从 Lagrange体系引入到了 Hamilton体系 ,在全状态下 ,从一个新的角度对非线性最优控制问题进行了描述 ,进一步基于时程精细积分理论 ,对其方程进行了有效的精细求解 ,并通过算例说明了文中方法的有效性     

一种新的岩石非线性黏弹塑性蠕变模型研究

为了克服传统元件组合模型不能描述岩石蠕变过程中非线性特征的缺陷，首先根据加速蠕变阶段的应变和应变率随蠕变时间急剧增大的特点，建立黏塑性应变与蠕变时间的指数函数关系并提出非线性黏塑性体．将该非线性黏塑性体与广义Burgers蠕变模型串联，建立可以描述岩石全蠕变过程的非线性黏弹塑性蠕变模型，根据叠加原理得到一维应力状态下的轴向蠕变方程．然后基于塑性力学理论指出岩石三维蠕变本构方程建立过程中的不足之处，并给出非线性黏弹塑性蠕变模型合理的三维蠕变方程．最后采用不同应力水平下砂岩轴向蠕变试验对模型合理性进行验证，结果表明：拟合曲线与试验曲线吻合度较高，所建蠕变模型能够很好地描述砂岩在不同应力水平下的蠕变变形规律，尤其对加速蠕变阶段的非线性特征描述效果很好，验证了模型的合理性．     

受面内冲击载荷下加筋板的非线性动态屈曲

分析了受面内冲击载荷下加筋板的非线性弹性动态屈曲．考虑板与筋的膜力，忽略面内位移，运用Hamilton变分原理，得出非线性控制方程，采用双级数形式的挠度假设，由Galerkin方法得到离散方程组，根据B-R准则，判断加筋板的动态屈曲．     

非保守非线性刚-弹-液-控耦合分析动力学及其应用研究

非保守非线性刚-弹-液-控耦合分析动力学是与航天动力学和多体动力学相关的重要研究课题之一, 研究这一理论和应用课题具有重要理论意义和实际应用价值. 本研究建立了非保守非线性两类变量的刚-弹-液-控耦合分析动力学的Hamilton型拟变分原理, 并以该Hamilton型拟变分原理的泛函为依据, 分析了刚-弹-液-控耦合中的刚-弹耦合、刚-液耦合与弹-液耦合、控-刚耦合的特点. 借助于Lagrange-Hamilton体系, 从Hamilton型拟变分原理出发推导出非保守非线性刚-弹-液-控耦合系统的Lagrange方程, 并应用该Lagrange方程推导出系统的控制方程. 进一步以该控制方程为依据, 分析了刚-弹-液-控耦合中的刚-弹耦合、刚-液耦合与弹-液耦合、控-刚耦合的机理. 从两个方面概要地研究了非保守非线性刚-弹-液-控耦合系统的Lagrange方程的应用: 一方面, 应用该Lagrange方程建立了相应的有限元计算模型, 分析了这类计算模型的优越性; 另一方面, 应用系统的控制方程对实际问题进行解析的分析讨论, 说明了应用解析的分析讨论来研究问题与应用数值的、定量的分析方法来研究问题的互补特性. 最后, 讨论了几个相关的问题.      

NON-CONSERVATIVE NONLINEAR RIGID-ELASTIC-LIQUID- CONTROL COUPLING ANALYTICAL DYNAMICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS$^{\bf 1)}$

非保守非线性刚-弹-液-控耦合分析动力学是与航天动力学和多体动力学相关的重要研究课题之一, 研究这一理论和应用课题具有重要理论意义和实际应用价值. 本研究建立了非保守非线性两类变量的刚-弹-液-控耦合分析动力学的Hamilton型拟变分原理, 并以该Hamilton型拟变分原理的泛函为依据, 分析了刚-弹-液-控耦合中的刚-弹耦合、刚-液耦合与弹-液耦合、控-刚耦合的特点. 借助于Lagrange-Hamilton体系, 从Hamilton型拟变分原理出发推导出非保守非线性刚-弹-液-控耦合系统的Lagrange方程, 并应用该Lagrange方程推导出系统的控制方程. 进一步以该控制方程为依据, 分析了刚-弹-液-控耦合中的刚-弹耦合、刚-液耦合与弹-液耦合、控-刚耦合的机理. 从两个方面概要地研究了非保守非线性刚-弹-液-控耦合系统的Lagrange方程的应用: 一方面, 应用该Lagrange方程建立了相应的有限元计算模型, 分析了这类计算模型的优越性; 另一方面, 应用系统的控制方程对实际问题进行解析的分析讨论, 说明了应用解析的分析讨论来研究问题与应用数值的、定量的分析方法来研究问题的互补特性. 最后, 讨论了几个相关的问题.     

A new framework for studying the stability of genus-1 and genus-2 KP patterns

The Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation - or KP equation - is a model equation for waves that are weakly two-dimensional in a horizontal plane, and models water waves in shallow water with weak three-dimensionality. It has a vast array of interesting genus—k pattern solutions which can be obtained explicitly in terms of Riemann theta functions. However the linear or nonlinear stability of these patterns has not been studied. In this paper, we present a new formulation of the KP model as a Hamiltonian system on a multi-symplectic structure. While it is well-known that the KP model is Hamiltonian - as an evolution equation in time - multi-symplecticity assigns a distinct symplectic operator for each spatial direction as well, and is independent of the integrability of the equation. The multi-symplectic framework is then used to formulate the linear stability problem for genus-1 and genus-2 patterns of the KP equation; generalizations to genus—k with k > 2 are also discussed.     

Hamiltonian long-wave approximations to the water-wave problem

This paper presents a Hamiltonian formulation of the water-wave problem in which the non-local Dirichlet-Neumann operator appears explicitly in the Hamiltonian. The principal long-wave approximations for water waves are derived by the systematic approximation of the Dirichlet-Neumann operator by a sequence of differential operators obtained from a convergent Taylor expansion of the Dirichlet-Neumann operator. A simple and satisfactory method of obtaining the classical two-dimensional approximations such as the shallow-water, Boussinesq and KdV equations emerges from the process. A straightforward transformation theory describes the relationship between the classical symplectic structure appearing in the water-wave problem and the various non-classical symplectic structures that arise in long-wave approximations. The discussion extends to include three-dimensional approximations, including the KP equation.     

The Symplectic Evans Matrix,¶and the Instability of Solitary Waves and Fronts

Hamiltonian evolution equations which are equivariant with respect to the action of a Lie group are models for physical phenomena such as oceanographic flows, optical fibres and atmospheric flows, and such systems often have a wide variety of solitary-wave or front solutions. In this paper, we present a new symplectic framework for analysing the spectral problem associated with the linearization about such solitary waves and fronts. At the heart of the analysis is a multi-symplectic formulation of Hamiltonian partial differential equations where a distinct symplectic structure is assigned for the time and space directions, with a third symplectic structure – with two-form denoted by Ω– associated with a coordinate frame moving at the speed of the wave. This leads to a geometric decomposition and symplectification of the Evans function formulation for the linearization about solitary waves and fronts. We introduce the concept of the symplectic Evans matrix, a matrix consisting of restricted Ω-symplectic forms. By applying Hodge duality to the exterior algebra formulation of the Evans function, we find that the zeros of the Evans function correspond to zeros of the determinant of the symplectic Evans matrix. Based on this formulation, we prove several new properties of the Evans function. Restricting the spectral parameter λ to the real axis, we obtain rigorous results on the derivatives of the Evans function near the origin, based solely on the abstract geometry of the equations, and results for the large |λ| behaviour which use primarily the symplectic structure, but also extend to the non-symplectic case. The Lie group symmetry affects the Evans function by generating zero eigenvalues of large multiplicity in the so-called systems at infinity. We present a new geometric theory which describes precisely how these zero eigenvalues behave under perturbation. By combining all these results, a new rigorous sufficient condition for instability of solitary waves and fronts is obtained. The theory applies to a large class of solitary waves and fronts including waves which are bi-asymptotic to a nonconstant manifold of states as $|x|$ tends to infinity. To illustrate the theory, it is applied to three examples: a Boussinesq model from oceanography, a class of nonlinear Schr?dinger equations from optics and a nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation from atmospheric dynamics. Accepted August 7, 2000 ?Published online January 22, 2001     

Structure-preserving Analysis on Folding and Unfolding Process of Undercarriage

The main idea of the structure-preserving method is to preserve the intrinsic geometric properties of the continuous system as much as possible in numerical algorithm design. The geometric constraint in the multi-body systems, one of the difficulties in the numerical methods that are proposed for the multi-body systems, can also be regarded as a geometric property of the multi-body systems. Based on this idea, the symplectic precise integration method is applied in this paper to analyze the kinematics problem of folding and unfolding process of nose undercarriage. The Lagrange governing equation is established for the folding and unfolding process of nose undercarriage with the generalized defined displacements firstly. And then, the constrained Hamiltonian canonical form is derived from the Lagrange governing equation based on the Hamiltonian variational principle. Finally, the symplectic precise integration scheme is used to simulate the kinematics process of nose undercarriage during folding and unfolding described by the constrained Hamiltonian canonical formulation. From the numerical results, it can be concluded that the geometric constraint of the undercarriage system can be preserved well during the numerical simulation on the folding and unfolding process of undercarriage using the symplectic precise integration method.     

High order symplectic conservative perturbation method for time-varying Hamiltonian system

This paper presents a high order symplectic conservative perturbation method for linear time-varying Hamiltonian system.Firstly,the dynamic equation of Hamiltonian system is gradually changed into a high order perturbation equation,which is solved approximately by resolving the Hamiltonian coefficient matrix into a "major component" and a "high order small quantity" and using perturbation transformation technique,then the solution to the original equation of Hamiltonian system is determined through a series of inverse transform.Because the transfer matrix determined by the method in this paper is the product of a series of exponential matrixes,the transfer matrix is a symplectic matrix;furthermore,the exponential matrices can be calculated accurately by the precise time integration method,so the method presented in this paper has fine accuracy,efficiency and stability.The examples show that the proposed method can also give good results even though a large time step is selected,and with the increase of the perturbation order,the perturbation solutions tend to exact solutions rapidly.     

Hamilton体系下介电弹性体圆形薄膜的动力学建模与辛求解

采用辛算法研究了Hamilton体系下介电弹性体圆形薄膜的动力学响应。首先，将该问题引入Hamilton对偶变量体系，借助Legendre变换，给出系统的广义动量和Hamilton函数，通过对Hamilton函数作用量的变分，得到Hamilton体系下的正则方程。其次，对于得到的正则方程给出了辛Runge-Kutta的计算格式。最后，采用二级四阶辛Runge-Kutta算法对动力学系统进行了数值求解，和四级四阶经典Runge-Kutta算法进行对比，结果表明，二级四阶辛Runge-Kutta算法具有保能量以及长时间数值稳定的优势，同时说明四级四阶经典Runge-Kutta算法对于步长依赖的局限性。     

多体动力学的几何积分方法研究进展

动力系统的几何积分研究是近20年来工程计算领域非常活跃的方向.多体动力学方程(微分方程, 微分代数方程)是一类典型的动力系统,将其从Lagrange体系向Hamilton系统过渡,目的在于从欧氏几何过渡到辛几何形态, 将对偶变量引入到力学研究中,然后利用辛几何的数学框架对多体系统动力学方程进行数值计算,可以预知多体动力学系统的一些定性信息,并在数值离散时能保持这些定性性质特征,尤其在表示关键的物理意义时需要强调保持这些几何性质.简要介绍多体系统(无约束多刚体系统、完整约束多刚体系统和柔性多体系统)的Hamilton正则方程的建立和几何积分方法的构造,着重介绍了在多体动力学计算中非常有应用前景的高阶辛算法(合成辛算法、分裂合成辛算法和辛精细积分法)、多辛算法,以及广义Hamilton 系统与Lie 群积分方法等计算几何力学方法, 并对Lie群积分的投影方法、流形局部坐标法等方法进行了阐述.      

平面刚体系统的参数预调节保辛算法

保辛积分方法在约束哈密顿系统中有着重要的应用,是因为其在长时间仿真中表现出极好的稳定性。然而随着仿真时长增加,保辛格式通常具有较大的相位误差累积。本文提出了一种平面多刚体系统的参数预调节保辛积分方法。通过推导具有待定参数的改进的拉格朗日方程,并将其与已有保辛格式相结合并预先调节相关参数取值,可以大幅降低数值解的相位误差。理论分析与数值结果表明参数预调节保辛积分方法不仅保持了辛结构,而且具有很低的相位误差累积。因此,参数预调节保辛积分方法可应用于长时间仿真分析。     

Multiresolution Symplectic Scheme for wave propagation in complex media

A fast adaptive symplectic algorithm named Multiresolution Symplectic Scheme (MSS) was first presented to solve the problem of the wave propagation (WP) in complex media, using the symplectic scheme and Daubechies‘ compactly supported orthogonal wavelet transform to respectively discretise the time and space dimension of wave equation. The problem was solved in multiresolution symplectic geometry space under the conservative Hamiltonian system rather than the traditional Lagrange system. Due to the fascinating properties of the wavelets and symplectic scheme, MSS is a promising method because of little computational burden, robustness and reality of long-time simulation.