抗震结构弹塑性变形能力可靠度时域随机算法

采用杆系-层模型，将计算结构静力可靠度的改进的JC法、常规有限元法及时程分析法相结合，建立了抗震结构弹塑性变形能力可靠度时域随机算法。本文方法可充分考虑结构参数及地震作用的随机性以及地震作用与静载的共同影响；可对结构侧向变形能力作地震全过程弹塑性时变可靠度分析。采用本文方法及MC模拟算法分析了一榀三层铪框架侧向变形能力弹塑性时变可靠度，结果表明了本文方法的合理性与有效性。     

基于概率密度演化理论的LRB隔震支座时变可靠度研究

铅芯橡胶隔震支座LRB （Lead Rubber Bearing）的等效水平刚度是隔震建筑物的重要力学指标，橡胶材料由于其复杂活跃的化学组分，在使用过程中极易发生老化，是LRB支座中随时间变化的活跃因素。考虑铅芯橡胶隔震支座中橡胶材料退化的时变性和随机性，引入时变变异系数。基于概率密度演化方法，得到LRB支座等效水平刚度的概率密度演化曲线和时变可靠度。结果表明，随着时间的增长，支座等效水平刚度产生增大的趋势，支座的可靠度发生非线性降低，老化对支座等效水平刚度的离散性产生了明显的影响。     

地下开采过程损伤场演化与地表变形的时变分析

以形状随时间变化的物体——时变体为研究对象，将损伤理论与时变力学结合，引入与时变过程相关的损伤参数，形成损伤时变力学分析方法。针对岩石介质特性给出了弹性损伤时变力学本构方程，并利用虚功原理建立相应数值化方法和分析过程。利用损伤时变力学分析方法对某地下煤层开采过程进行计算机仿真分析，给出形状时变引起的损伤场与地表移动的动态演化过程，并对比了非时变以及施工分析结果。研究表明，损伤时变分析可得到连续变化的位移及损伤演化图，相比非时变的常规分析和施工分析能更好地模拟连续施工，为工程施工分析与预测提供更加科学和有效的手段。为实现开采过程的经济和安全，应该采用损伤时变力学的分析方法。     

既有结构已服役荷载对可靠度评估结果的验证影响

服役荷载的验证作用影响既有结构的抗力分布,进而影响结构可靠度评估结果。文章利用的时变可靠度理论,给出了一个时变可靠指标简化计算公式,分析了服役荷载的验证作用,同时考虑了抗力衰减、结构已服役时间以及恒荷载效应与可变荷载效应比值等因素影响。     

针对非线性极限状态方程的时变可靠度分析

提出了一种针对一般非线性极限状态方程的时变结构可靠度分析方法. 该方法首先将时变功能函数中的随机过程进行离散,获得多个不同时间段的静态功能函数. 之后,将各功能函数在最大可能点处进行线性化,并运用全概率公式将其化简为一新的静态可靠度分析模型,该模型可运用传统的一次二阶矩方法进行高效求解.最后通过管状悬臂梁、十杆桁架、汽车发动机主轴3 个算例验证了该方法的有效性.      

时变参数时滞减振控制研究

时滞动力吸振器对谐波激励有着良好的减振控制效果,但对随机激励的减振控制效果却并不明显,具体表现为时滞动力吸振器对随机激励的减振控制效果与被动吸振器几乎相同。针对上述问题,本文提出了一种新的时变参数时滞减振控制方法。在原有时滞减振控制方法的基础上,首先将时滞增益系数由定值形式变为时间函数形式,然后通过时变优化得到多组时滞控制参数并使其以一定时间周期循环作用于减振控制过程,通过这种方法进一步改善了时滞动力吸振器减振性能。本文最后以二自由度时滞动力吸振器减振模型为例,以主系统的振动响应为仿真对象,运用精细积分法求解了具有时变时滞参数的时滞动力学方程,以此得到了在谐波激励和随机激励作用下主系统振动的时域仿真结果。研究结果表明,在时变参数时滞动力吸振器的控制下,主系统无论是受谐波激励作用还是受随机激励作用,其振动位移、振动速度和振动加速度均比在定值参数时滞动力吸振器控制下时有大幅的减少,时滞动力吸振器的减振性能有了明显的改善。      

面向桥梁长期健康监测的大数据处理技术及应用

简要介绍了桥梁长期健康监测系统的应用,总结了基于桥梁长期健康监测大数据分析技术的研究现状。介绍了基于长期健康监测大数据分析在多尺度关联性分析、异常数据挖掘和分析以及时变可靠度研究三个方面取得的研究进展。通过多尺度关联性分析对各频率组分下的桥梁应变进行了分类,确定了温度对应变的影响;发展了利用应变阈值和小波细节系数进行异常信号识别的方法;提出了局部时变可靠度的计算方法。最后,对基于云计算的桥梁健康监测服务平台的研制及应用进行了介绍和展望。     

一类Markov过程的最大绝对值过程概率密度求解的新方法

随机过程或随机系统响应的最大绝对值概率分布往往是科学与工程中关心的重要挑战性问题.本文从理论与数值上进行了Markov过程的时变最大绝对值过程及其概率分布研究.文中,通过引入扩展状态向量,构造了最大绝对值$\!$-$\!$-$\!$状态量联合向量过程,由此将不具有Markov性的最大值过程转化为具有Markov性的向量随机过程.在此基础上,通过最大绝对值$\!$-$\!$-$\!$状态量之间的关系,建立了联合向量过程的转移概率密度函数.进而,结合Chapman-Kolmogorov方程和路径积分方法,提出了最大绝对值概率密度函数求解的数值方法.由此,可以得到Markov过程最大绝对值过程的时变概率密度函数,可进一步用于结构动力可靠度分析等.通过数值算例,验证了本文所提方法的有效性. 该方法有望推广到更一般随机系统的极值分布估计之中.      

向量V函数方法与时变非线性大系统的轨线性态

本文分析时变非线性大系统的不变集与稳定性。利用向量Ｖ函数建立大系统的Ｗａｚｅｗｓｋｉ型时变非线性集结模型，即“比较系统”，根据比较原理得以直接的检验性判据。避免了求解比较系统的困难。同时还得到时变线性系统稳定性的新结果。     

一般大气环境下锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁的时变可靠度分析

根据一般大气环境下锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁中的钢筋截面损失时变模型和抗剪、抗弯承载力退化模型,建立了考虑其随机性的极限状态方程。基于概率守恒原理分析得到满足该极限状态方程的概率密度演化方程,并引入吸收边界条件,提出了梁时变可靠度的计算方法。以受对称集中荷载的锈蚀钢筋混凝土简支梁为例,展示了目标函数的概率密度演化过程,并讨论了配置不同直径箍筋和不同厚度保护层时的时变可靠度。结果表明,在保证梁具有足够初始抗剪强度和抗弯强度的前提下,适当增大保护层厚度和箍筋直径(具有相同配箍率)能延缓混凝土构件力学性能的退化。通过和100万次蒙特卡洛模拟结果的对比可知,选用本文方法能在以付出较小计算代价的前提下,获得计算精度良好的分析结果。     

Time‐dependent turbulent cavitating flow computations with interfacial transport and filter‐based models

Turbulent cavitating flow computations need to address both cavitation and turbulence modelling issues. A recently developed interfacial dynamics‐based cavitation model (IDCM) incorporates the interfacial transport into the computational modelling of cavitation dynamics. For time‐dependent flows, it is known that the engineering turbulence closure such as the original k–ε model often over‐predicts the eddy viscosity values reducing the unsteadiness. A recently proposed filter‐based modification has shown that it can effectively modulate the eddy viscosity, rendering better simulation capabilities for time‐dependent flow computations in term of the unsteady characteristics. In the present study, the IDCM along with the filter‐based k–ε turbulence model is adopted to simulate 2‐D cavitating flows over the Clark‐Y airfoil. The chord Reynolds number is Re=7.0 × 10⁵. Two angles‐of‐attack of 5 and 8° associated with several cavitation numbers covering different flow regimes are conducted. The simulation results are assessed with the experimental data including lift, drag and velocity profiles. The interplay between cavitation and turbulence models reveals substantial differences in time‐dependent flow results even though the time‐averaged characteristics are similar. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于降维积分的结构系统可靠性分析研究

复杂结构系统一般具有多个失效模式. 传统系统可靠性分析模型是在假设各失效模式相互独立的条件下建立的. 而在工程实际问题中,由于结构系统的组成单元之间紧密联系,系统的失效模式大多是相互耦合的. 简单地在失效模式相互独立的假设条件下进行系统可靠性分析与评价常常会导致过大的误差,甚至得出错误的结论. 提出一种相关失效模式结构系统可靠性分析方法. 利用降维法和Gauss-Hermite数值积分技术计算随机参数结构系统极限状态函数的统计矩,采用极限状态函数的前四阶累积量拟合其累积量生成函数,通过鞍点逼近方法拟合结构系统极限状态函数的概率密度函数和累积分布函数,进而获取结构系统的可靠度(或失效概率).数值算例表明该方法具有较高的计算精度和效率,通用性强.     

Time‐domain BEM solution of convection–diffusion‐type MHD equations

The two‐dimensional convection–diffusion‐type equations are solved by using the boundary element method (BEM) based on the time‐dependent fundamental solution. The emphasis is given on the solution of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) duct flow problems with arbitrary wall conductivity. The boundary and time integrals in the BEM formulation are computed numerically assuming constant variations of the unknowns on both the boundary elements and the time intervals. Then, the solution is advanced to the steady‐state iteratively. Thus, it is possible to use quite large time increments and stability problems are not encountered. The time‐domain BEM solution procedure is tested on some convection–diffusion problems and the MHD duct flow problem with insulated walls to establish the validity of the approach. The numerical results for these sample problems compare very well to analytical results. Then, the BEM formulation of the MHD duct flow problem with arbitrary wall conductivity is obtained for the first time in such a way that the equations are solved together with the coupled boundary conditions. The use of time‐dependent fundamental solution enables us to obtain numerical solutions for this problem for the Hartmann number values up to 300 and for several values of conductivity parameter. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A variational analytical approach to time dependent flow of oldroyd B fluid in circular tube

In the present investigation the time dependent flow of an Oldroyd fluid B in a horizontal cylindrical pipe is stuided by the variational analytical approach developed by author. The time dependent problem is mathematically reduced to a partial differential equation of third order. Using the improved variational approach due to Kantorovich the partial differential equation can be reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations for different approximations. The ordinary differential equations are solved by the method of the Laplace transform which is led to an analytical form of the solutions. Project supported by TWAS and Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Science Foundation of China     

A VARIATIONAL ANALYTICAL APPROACH TO TIME DEPENDENT FLOW OF OLDROYD B FLUID IN CIRCULAR TUBE

ＡＶＡＲＩＡＴＩＯＮＡＬＡＮＡＬＹＴＩＣＡＬＡＰＰＲＯＡＣＨＴＯＴＩＭＥＤＥＰＥＮＤＥＮＴＦＬＯＷＯＦＯＬＤＲＯＹＤＢＦＬＵＩＤＩＮＣＩＲＣＵＬＡＲＴＵＢＥＨａｎｓｈｉ－ｆａｎｓ（韩式方）（Ｒｅｓ．Ｌａｂ．Ｎｏｎ－ＮｅｗｔｏｎｉａｎＦｌｕｉｄＭｅｃｈ...     

Reference values for drag and lift of a two‐dimensional time‐dependent flow around a cylinder

This paper presents a numerical study of a two‐dimensional time‐dependent flow around a cylinder. Its main objective is to provide accurate reference values for the maximal drag and lift coefficient at the cylinder and for the pressure difference between the front and the back of the cylinder at the final time. In addition, the accuracy of these values obtained with different time stepping schemes and different finite element methods is studied. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Optimal shape design for the time‐dependent Navier–Stokes flow

This paper is concerned with the problem of shape optimization of two‐dimensional flows governed by the time‐dependent Navier–Stokes equations. We derive the structures of shape gradients for time‐dependent cost functionals by using the state derivative and its associated adjoint state. Finally, we apply a gradient‐type algorithm to our problem, and numerical examples show that our theory is useful for practical purposes and the proposed algorithm is feasible in low Reynolds number flows. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

满足"抑制波动原则"的广义紧致格式的特性及应用

详细分析了满足“抑制波动原则”和“稳定性原则”的五阶精度三点广义紧致格式的数值特性。该格式可以无波动地捕捉激波，并五具有类似于谱方法的高分辨率，以及很好的各向同性性质。另外还采用了时间相关的边界处理方法，以保证边界点上也满足“抑制波动原则”和“稳定性原则”。典型数值实验表明，本文格式及其边界处理方法能够有效求解Euler方程与N—S方程。     

Least‐squares finite element processes in h,p, k mathematical and computational framework for a non‐linear conservation law

This paper considers numerical simulation of time‐dependent non‐linear partial differential equation resulting from a single non‐linear conservation law in h, p, k mathematical and computational framework in which k=(k₁, k₂) are the orders of the approximation spaces in space and time yielding global differentiability of orders (k₁?1) and (k₂?1) in space and time (hence k‐version of finite element method) using space–time marching process. Time‐dependent viscous Burgers equation is used as a specific model problem that has physical mechanism for viscous dissipation and its theoretical solutions are analytic. The inviscid form, on the other hand, assumes zero viscosity and as a consequence its solutions are non‐analytic as well as non‐unique (Russ. Math. Surv. 1962; 17 (3):145–146; Russ. Math. Surv. 1960; 15 (6):53–111). In references (Russ. Math. Surv. 1962; 17 (3):145–146; Russ. Math. Surv. 1960; 15 (6):53–111) authors demonstrated that the solutions of inviscid Burgers equations can only be approached within a limiting process in which viscosity approaches zero. Many approaches based on artificial viscosity have been published to accomplish this including more recent work on H(Div) least‐squares approach (Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 1965; 18 :697–715) in which artificial viscosity is a function of spatial discretization, which diminishes with progressively refined discretizations. The thrust of the present work is to point out that: (1) viscous form of the Burgers equation already has the essential mechanism of viscosity (which is physical), (2) with progressively increasing Reynolds (Re) number (thereby progressively reduced viscosity) the solutions approach that of the inviscid form, (3) it is possible to compute numerical solutions for any Re number (finite) within hpk framework and space–time least‐squares processes, (4) the space–time residual functional converges monotonically and that it is possible to achieve the desired accuracy, (5) space–time, time marching processes utilizing a single space–time strip are computationally efficient. It is shown that viscous form of the Burgers equation without linearizing provides a physical and viablemechanism for approaching the solutions of inviscid form with progressively increasing Re. Numerical studies are presented and the computed solutions are compared with published work. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

New stabilized finite element method for time‐dependent incompressible flow problems

A new stabilized finite element method is considered for the time‐dependent Stokes problem, based on the lowest‐order P₁?P₀ and Q₁?P₀ elements that do not satisfy the discrete inf–sup condition. The new stabilized method is characterized by the features that it does not require approximation of the pressure derivatives, specification of mesh‐dependent parameters and edge‐based data structures, always leads to symmetric linear systems and hence can be applied to existing codes with a little additional effort. The stability of the method is derived under some regularity assumptions. Error estimates for the approximate velocity and pressure are obtained by applying the technique of the Galerkin finite element method. Some numerical results are also given, which show that the new stabilized method is highly efficient for the time‐dependent Stokes problem. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.