微波消解-氢化物原子荧光光谱法测定食品中的微量元素硒

采用HNO3-HClO4作为消解剂,在微波消解炉中消解样品,原子荧光光谱法测定食品中的微量元素硒.在最佳测定条件下测定元素硒的线性回归方程为:IF=95.4853C 9.2045,线性范围为0.5-10.0μg/L,相关系数r=0.9997.回收率2.0μg/L为95.65%-103.04%,6.0μg/L为95.61%-102.42%;相对标准偏差2.0μg/L为2.18%-3.55%,6.0μg/L为2.22%-3.98%.食品样品采用微波消解后,可用氢化物原子荧光光谱法测定其中的微量元素硒.     

微波消解-氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定土壤中砷和硒

采用王水(1 1)作消解剂,以微波消解的方法处理土壤样品,氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定土壤中砷、硒,设定了最佳的样品处理条件和仪器测定条件.利用加标回收试验,对分析方法进行了验证.砷、硒的检出限分别为0.94μg/L和0.15μg/L,测定土壤中砷、硒的回收率分别为90%-105%、89%-104%,RSD分别为2.2%-4.0%、1.9%-3.1%.     

La(OH)3共沉淀氢化物-原子荧光光谱法测定钾肥中的有效硒

氢氧化镧作为共沉淀剂,沉淀用盐酸溶解,氢化物-原子荧光光谱法测定钾肥中的有效硒.方法检出限LD(Se)=0.02μg/L,RSD为2.82%-4.54%,回收率为:98.25%-103%.实验结果表明,该方法检出限低、灵敏度高、测定结果准确可靠、操作简单快速等特点,完全满足钾肥中有效硒的测定.     

双道原子荧光光谱法同时测定农产品中的砷和硒

研究了AFS-930型双道原子荧光光度计同时测定农产品中砷和硒的方法.该法快速,简便,准确,砷回收率为91.9%-99.6%,硒回收率为93.5%-103.8%,相对标准偏差(RSD)砷小于2%,硒小于1%,检出限分别为0.035μg/L和0.038μg/L.     

原子荧光光谱法测定环境水中砷、硒和汞

原子荧光光谱法测定环境水中砷、硒和汞,试验了标准系列的配制方法;硼氢化钾浓度、盐酸酸度对测定的影响;优化了仪器条件。砷、硒和汞检出限分别为0.51μg/L、0.53μg/L、0.065μg/L,相对标准偏差(n=11)分别为1.51%、2.36%、1.63%,加标回收率分别为90.0%-105.0%、92.0%-97%、90.0%-97.5%。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定豌豆中的硒

以HNO3-HClO4消解样品,用HCl将六价硒还原为四价硒,建立了氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定豌豆中硒的方法.在选定的最佳实验条件下,方法的检出限为0.1 ng/mL,线性范围为0-80 ng/mL.应用于三种豌豆中硒的测定,回收率为90.5%-110.6%,RSD为2.0%-5.7%.     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定恩施富硒土壤中的总硒

采用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定恩施富硒土壤中的总硒,优化了各项实验条件,确定了最佳方法。在最佳实验条件下,方法的检出限为0.04μg/L,线性范围为0.12—80μg/L,RSD为0.87%。测得样品含量在3.449—115.070μg/g之间,回收率为97.8%—101.1%,方法简单、结果准确、重现性好,适合测定富硒土壤中的总硒含量。     

利用氢化物原子荧光光谱法快速测定枸杞中硒的含量

在20%(V/V)盐酸溶液介质中将试样中Se(Ⅵ)充分还原成Se(Ⅳ),氢化物原子荧光光谱法测定枸杞中微量元素硒,优化最佳测试条件.检出限为0.032ng/mL,回收率在95.0%-101.0%之间.方法具有简单快捷、灵敏度高、稳定性好等优点.     

微波高压消解双道原子荧光法测定蔬菜总砷和汞

用微波高压消解技术处理样品,用原子荧光光谱仪测定蔬菜中总砷汞,具有快速、方法简便、结果准确可靠的优点.方法的回收率为:砷90.1%-106.9%,汞91.0%-104.0%;检出限为:砷0.10μg/L,汞0.008μg/L.     

索氏提取-氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定中草药中总硒和硒(Ⅳ)

研究了在酒石酸介质中氢化物发生 -原子荧光法测定中草药中的痕量硒的方法和条件 ,结合索氏提取技术 ,分析了 4种中草药中的总硒和硒 ( )。在最佳分析条件下 ,方法检出限为 0 .0 15 μg/L,RSD(n=5 )为 2 .6 %— 3.9% ,加标回收率为 95 .0 %— 10 2 .6 %。     

Self-organization of five species in a cyclic competition game

Cyclic competition game models, particularly the “rock–paper–scissors” model, play important roles in exploring the problem of multi-species coexistence in spatially ecological systems. We propose an extended “rock–paper–scissors” game to model cyclic interactions among five species, and find that two of the five can coexistent when biodiversity disappears, which is different from the “rock–paper–scissors” game. As the number of fingers is five, we named the new model the “fingers” game, where the thumb, forefinger, middle finger, ring finger, and little finger cyclically dominate their subsequent species and are dominated by their former species. We investigate the “fingers” model in two ways: direct simulations and nonlinear partial differential equations. An important finding is that the number of species in a cyclic competition game has an influence on the emergence of biodiversity. To be specific, the “rock–paper–scissors” model is in favor of maintaining biodiversity in comparison with the “fingers” model when the variables (population size, reproduction rate, selection rate, and migration rate) are the same. It is also shown that the mobility and reproduction rate can promote or jeopardize biodiversity.     

Contrastive analysis on tone between Putonghua and Taiwan Mandarin

The differences of the pitch and duration of Chinese syllables between Putonghua （PTH） and Taiwan Mandarin （TM） were studied. The speech materials to be used are not only isolated syllables, but also sentences. The results reveal that： For the isolated syllables, T1 and T2 in TM are influenced by Minnan dialect, therefore their pitch are lower than those in PTH. T3 is fall-rise in PTH, while it is fall in TM. Moreover, the syllable duration sequence for different tone is T3〉T2〉T1〉T4 in PTH, while it is T1〉T2〉T3〉T4 in TM. For the syllables in sentences, T2 is mid-rise in PTH, while it is mid-level in TM. And the T3 is longer than T4 but shorter than T1 or T2 in PTH, while it is the shortest in TM. Furthermore the effects of prosodic phrase boundary on duration for different tones are almost the same in PTH, but the lengthening part of T1 or T2 is longer than that of T3 or T4 in TM.     

Experimental study on downstep in Chinese intonation

Downstep in pitch contour of Chinese Putonghua is examined using subtly designed sentences by controlling tone combinations. The results show both automatic and nonautomatic downstep phenomena exist in Chinese. In non-automatic downstep, low tones compress downwards the pitch range of the following syllables. and the main influence of downstep is on topline. Low tone not only lower the topline behind it, but also raise the high tones before it, the effects are compatible with each other. In automatic downstep, the topline of pitch contour in intonational phrase is presented as a linear downtrend, but it differs among speakers due to the effect of personal stress practice. In comparison with downstep phenomenon in other tone or non-tone languages, the downstep ratio in Chinese is not constant, and the domain of downstep is not limited within the adjacent tones.     

Abelian-Higgs phase of SU(2) QCD and glueball energy

It is shown that SU(2) QCD admits an dual Abelian-Higgs phase, with a Higgs vacuum of a type-Ⅱ superconductor. This is done by using a connection decomposition for the gluon field and the random-direction approximation. Using a bag picture with soft wall, we presented a calculational procedure for the glueball energy based on the recent proof for wall-vortices [Nucl. Phys. B 741(2006)1].     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Signal generation in an isotropic medium in scanning electron acoustic microscope

Based on the research in Ref. [5][Materials Science and Engineering, 1989; A122： 57 63], an improved model of heat source is set up, the different modes of Lamb wave in an isotropic sample generated by a chopped electron beam at frequency f are obtained with integral transform and normal function expansion method, and the output signal of PZT coupled at the back surface of the sample is found out. The generation mechanism of SEAM （Scanning Electron Acoustic Microscopy） signal is discussed. It shows that the SEAM is a near field imaging technique with high spatial resolution and its best lateral spatial resolution is about 2√2α （α is the radius of the focused electron beam）. Some of experimental results of SEAM images are presented in the paper and it shows that the spatial resolution of SEAM is better than 0.5 μm and smaller than the thermal diffusion length of the sample. Therefore the character of near field imaging in SEAM is also proved experimentally.     

High efficiency filtering using two-dimensional photonic crystal coupled cavity structures

Transmission spectra of coupled cavity structures (CCSs) in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PCs) are investigated using a coupled mode theory, and an optical filter based on CCS is proposed. The performance of the filter is investigated using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, and the results show that within a very short coupling distance of about 3λ, where λ is the wavelength of signal in vacuum, the incident signals with different frequencies are separated into different channels with a contrast ratio of 20 dB. The advantages of this kind of filter are small size and easily tunable operation frequencies.