高分子软模板法自组装生长ZnO纳米线及其光学性能

采用自组装技术,利用均聚极性高分子(聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯醇等)长分子链作为自组装模板在半导体硅衬底上自组装生长出ZnO纳米线。采用扫描电镜(FE-SEM)和透射电镜(HRTEM)对样品的表面形貌和结构分析表征的结果表明,ZnO纳米线直径约50~80nm、长度大于4μm,具有六方纤锌矿单晶结构,且沿c轴方向择优取向生长。采用室温下光致发光(PL)谱和紫外吸收(UV)光谱对制得的ZnO纳米线的光学性能研究表明,其PL光谱上有较强的紫外发射和较弱的蓝光发射,UV吸收光谱表明样品在紫外区有强的宽带吸收,且随着纳米线粒径的减小,吸收峰出现了蓝移现象。研究探讨了高分子诱导ZnO纳米线自组装定向生长机制、发光机理及其与工艺条件的内在联系。     

掺AlZnO纳米线阵列的光致发光特性研究

采用化学气相沉积方法，以金做催化剂，在Si (100)衬底上制备了掺AlZnO纳米线阵列.扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征发现ZnO纳米线的直径在30nm左右.X射线衍射(XRD)图谱上只存在ZnO的(002)衍射峰，说明ZnO纳米线沿c轴择优取向.掺AlZnO纳米线阵列的室温光致发光(PL)谱中出现了3个带边激子发射峰：373nm，375nm，389nm.运用激子理论推算出掺AlZnO纳米线的禁带宽度为3.343eV ，束缚激子结合能为0.156eV；纯ZnO纳米线阵列PL谱中3个带边激子发射 关键词： 光致发光 化学气相沉积(CVD) 激子 ZnO纳米线阵列     

In掺杂ZnO薄膜的制备及其特性研究

采用射频反应溅射技术在硅(100)衬底上制备了未掺杂和掺In的ZnO薄膜。掠角X射线衍射测试表明,实验中制备的掺In样品为ZnO薄膜。用X射线衍射仪、原子力显微镜和荧光分光光度计分别对两样品的结构、表面形貌和光致发光特性进行了表征,分析了In掺杂对ZnO薄膜的结构和发光特性的影响。与未掺杂ZnO薄膜相比,掺In ZnO薄膜具有高度的C轴择优取向,同时样品的晶格失配较小,与标准ZnO粉末样品之间的晶格失配仅为0．16％;掺In ZnO薄膜表面平滑,表面最大不平整度为7nm。在掺In样品的光致发光谱中观察到了波长位于415nm和433nm处强的蓝紫光双峰,对掺In样品的蓝紫双峰的发光机理进行了讨论,并推测出该蓝紫双峰来源于In替位杂质和Zn填隙杂质缺陷。     

Si掺杂对GaAs纳米线发光特性的影响

采用分子束外延技术(MBE)在Si(111)衬底上生长了非掺杂和Si掺杂砷化镓(GaAs)纳米线(NWs)。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)证实了生长样品的一维性;通过X射线衍射(XRD)测试和拉曼光谱(Raman)证实了掺杂GaAs纳米线中Si的存在;通过光致发光(PL)研究了非掺杂和Si掺杂GaAs纳米线的发光来源,掺杂改变了GaAs纳米线的辐射复合机制。掺杂导致非掺杂纳米线中自由激子发光峰和纤锌矿/闪锌矿(WZ/ZB)混相结构引起的缺陷发光峰消失。     

Si掺杂对GaAs纳米线发光特性的影响EI北大核心CSCD

采用分子束外延技术(MBE)在Si(111)衬底上生长了非掺杂和Si掺杂砷化镓(GaAs)纳米线(NWs)。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)证实了生长样品的一维性;通过X射线衍射(XRD)测试和拉曼光谱(Raman)证实了掺杂GaAs纳米线中Si的存在;通过光致发光(PL)研究了非掺杂和Si掺杂GaAs纳米线的发光来源,掺杂改变了GaAs纳米线的辐射复合机制。掺杂导致非掺杂纳米线中自由激子发光峰和纤锌矿/闪锌矿(WZ/ZB)混相结构引起的缺陷发光峰消失。     

脉冲激光沉积(PLD)法生长高质量ZnO薄膜及其发光性能

采用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)法在单晶Si(100)衬底上生长ZnO薄膜,以X射线衍射(XRD)、原子力显微镜(AFM)和透射电镜(TEM)等手段分析了所得ZnO薄膜的晶体结构和微观形貌。优化工艺(700℃,20Pa)下生长的ZnO薄膜呈c轴高度择优取向,柱状晶垂直衬底表面生长,结构致密均匀。室温光致发光(PL)谱分析结果表明,随着薄膜生长时O₂分压的增大,近带边紫外发光峰与深能级发光峰之比显著增强,表明薄膜的结晶性能和化学计量比都有了很大的改善。O₂分压为20Pa时所生长的ZnO薄膜具有较理想的化学计量比和较高的光学质量。     

Na-Mg共掺杂ZnO薄膜的结构和光学性质

利用溶胶-凝胶法,在普通载玻片上使用旋转涂膜技术制备了具有c轴择优取向生长的Na-Mg共掺杂的ZnO薄膜。用XRD、SEM、光致发光(PL)及透射光谱对薄膜样品进行了表征。结果表明:Na-Mg共掺杂有利于ZnO薄膜的c轴择优取向生长,并且随着Na+掺杂浓度的增加,晶粒尺寸先增大后减小;通过比较不同掺杂浓度ZnO薄膜的PL谱,推测发光峰值位于380nm的紫外发射与ZnO的自由激子复合有关;发现掺入Mg的确能使ZnO禁带宽度增大,掺杂组分为Na0.04Mg0.2Zn0.76O时,其PL谱只有一个很强的紫光发射峰,其近带边紫外光发射强度较未掺杂的ZnO增强了近10倍,极大地提高了薄膜紫外发光性能;并且随Na+浓度增加薄膜透光性减弱。     

MOCVD法制备Cu掺杂ZnO薄膜

通过金属有机物化学气相沉积(MOCVD)设备,在c-Al2 03衬底上生长本征和Cu掺杂ZnO( ZnO∶ Cu)薄膜.X射线衍射(XRD)谱观察到未掺杂的ZnO和ZnO∶ Cu样品都呈现出较好的c轴择优取向生长.X射线光电子能谱(XPS)表明Cu已掺入到ZnO薄膜中.利用光致发光(PL)测试对本征ZnO和ZnO∶ C...     

ZnO单晶的微区光致发光特性研究

ZnO单晶材料以其优良的综合性能在光电子器件方面掀起了研究热潮,因此对ZnO单晶的研究具有重要的理论和实践意义。采用激光辐照的方式,对ZnO单晶进行了光致发光(photoluminescence, PL)光谱实验,分析研究了ZnO单晶在不同温度(低温)和不同激光能量强度照射下其光致发光特性。研究结果表明,ZnO单晶内存在少量杂质及表面氧缺陷,这些结构对其发光特性有一定的影响;在低温条件下,ZnO单晶具有良好的发光特性,且随着温度的提高,发光光谱峰的位置会向长波长方向移动,但强度会减小;当激光光源的强度增大,ZnO单晶的PL发射光谱的强度也会随之增大,且峰的位置和相对强度不变。结合拉曼(Raman)光谱实验,从分子及原子振动、转动类型验证了纤锌矿ZnO单晶的六方晶系结构;配合X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction, XRD)技术,得出ZnO单晶良好的结晶特性以及晶轴取向。     

Sn掺杂ZnO纳米晶的水热法制备及光学性能

以ZnCl2和NaOH为原料,用SnCl4·4H2O作掺杂剂,通过水热法合成了Sn掺杂ZnO纳米颗粒。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)及光致发光(PL)光谱等测试技术对样品的物相、形貌及光学性能进行了表征。结果表明:制得的Sn掺杂ZnO纳米粒子具有六角纤锌矿结构。随着锡掺杂浓度的增大,纳米晶的平均粒度增加,晶体形貌由短棒状向单锥和双锥状转变;提高前驱液的pH值,所得样品的形貌由长柱状向短柱状转变。室温下,观测到三个光致发光带,一个峰值在433nm处的强紫光发射峰,一个约在401nm处的近紫外发光峰及一个在466nm处的弱蓝光发光峰。在实验掺杂浓度范围内,Sn的掺杂只是改变纳米ZnO的发光强度,对发光峰位置影响不大。     

Influence of S incorporation on the luminescence property of ZnO nanowires by electrochemical deposition

Sulfur-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires have been successfully synthesized by an electric field-assisted electrochemical deposition in porous anodized aluminum oxide template at room temperature. X-ray diffraction and the selected area electron diffraction results show that the as-synthesized nanowires are single crystalline and have a highly preferential orientation. Transmission electron microscopy observations indicate that the nanowires are uniform with an average diameter of 120 nm and length up to several tens of micrometers. Room-temperature photoluminescence is observed in the doped ZnO nanowires, which exhibits a violet emission and blue emissions besides the typical photoluminescence spectrum of a single crystal ZnO.     

Atomic layer deposition coating of ZnO shell for GaN-ZnO core-sheath heteronanowires

We have synthesized GaN-core/ZnO-shell nanowires and investigated effects of the ZnO coating. The X-ray diffraction pattern showed that as-synthesized samples are composed of GaN and ZnO. Transmission electron microscopy indicated that the deposited ZnO shell layer is poly-crystalline. The photoluminescence (PL) spectrum of GaN has been changed by the ZnO coating, where emission bands centered at roughly 1.9 eV, 2.5 eV, and 3.3 eV were newly added to the emissions from core GaN nanowires. We found that overall PL intensity has been significantly increased by coating the ZnO shell layers.     

The structure and photoluminescence properties of TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript>-coated ZnS nanowires

The structure and photoluminescence properties of TiO₂-coated ZnS nanowires were investigated. ZnS nanowires were synthesized by thermal evaporation of ZnS powder and then coated with TiO₂ by using the metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) technique. We performed scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy to characterize the as-synthesized and TiO₂-coated ZnS nanowires. TEM and XRD analyses revealed that the ZnS core and the TiO₂ coatings had crystalline zinc blende and crystalline anatase structures, respectively. PL measurement at room temperature showed that the as-synthesized ZnS nanowires had two emissions: a blue emission centered in the range from 430 to 440 nm and a green emission at around 515 nm. The green emission was found to be dominant in the ZnS nanowires coated with TiO₂ by MOCVD at 350°C for one or more hours, while the blue emission was dominant in the as-synthesized ZnS nanowires. Also the mechanisms of the emissions were discussed.     

Synthesis and characterization of ZnO columns grown on MgO-coated silicon substrates by carbon-thermal evaporation

Zinc oxide columns have been grown on an MgO-coated silicon (111) substrate by the carbon-thermal evaporation method at 1050 °C. The MgO layer obtained from the substrate pre-dripped in Mg(NO₃)₂ solution by the use of a dropper can solve the troublesome lattice mismatch problem in the heteroepitaxy and promote the growth of ZnO columns effectively. The as-prepared ZnO structures were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission transmission electron microscope (FETEM), selection area electron diffraction (SAED), and photoluminescence (PL) spectrum. The results show that the columns are highly crystalline with the wurtzite hexagonal structure, and grow along the [0001] in the c-axis direction. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the as-synthesized microstructures exhibit broad green emission peaks at ∼514 nm. In addition, the growth mechanism of the two ZnO structures is discussed based on the analysis briefly based on the time-dependent experiment.     

Synthesis of Na-doped ZnO nanowires and their photocatalytic properties

Na-doped ZnO nanowires with an average diameter of ∼40 nm have been fabricated by a thermal decomposition route at temperature around 400 °C. Their properties have been investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), UV-visible spectroscopy, Raman spectra, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. Room temperature photoluminescence (RT-PL) showed that the as-synthesized ZnO samples exhibited strong visible emission with a major peak at 420 nm. Furthermore, intensity of the visible emission increased and then decreased with increase in Na concentration. The improvement of visible emission at 420 nm in the Na-doped ZnO samples should be a result of the surface defects increased by doping of Na in zinc oxide. In addition, photocatalytic studies indicated that these nanomaterials showed good photocatalytic performance for organic pollutants in water.     

ZnO:Er3+纳米晶的制备及发光性质研究

为了探讨稀土Er3 与纳米ZnO基质之间的能量传递,利用化学方法制备了ZnO:Er3 纳米晶,测量了样品的X射线衍射谱(XRD)、光致发光谱(PL)和激发谱(PLE).X射线衍射结果表明,ZnO:Er3 具有六角纤锌矿晶体结构.室温下,在365 nm激发下,在ZnO宽的可见发射背景上,观测到了Er3 的激发态4S3/2(550 nm),2H11/2(521 nm)和4F5/2(456 nn)的特征发射.分析了ZnO:Er3 纳米晶的带边发射和稀土Er3 的特征发射的峰值强度随掺Er3 浓度的变化关系,比较了ZnO:Er3 与未掺杂的ZnO的光致发射峰值强度的变化,给出了稀土Er3 的激发态4S3/2→4I15/2,2H11/2→4I15/2和4F5/2→4I15/2的发射机制,证实了纳米ZnO基质与稀土Er3 离子之间存在能量传递.     

Structural and optical properties of ZnO nanopowder prepared by microwave-assisted synthesis

We report the characterization of nano-size zinc oxide (ZnO) powder synthesized via microwave-assisted heating of Zn(CH₃COO)₂·2H₂O and NaHCO₃ solution with deionized water (DI water) as the solvent. The as-synthesized ZnO powder was calcined at temperatures from 400 to 800 °C for 8 h. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra revealed pure wurtzite structure for the ZnO nanopowder (NP) calcined at 800 °C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed increasing size ZnO NP with uniform size distribution with increase in calcination temperature. Significant UV emission at about 373 nm has been observed in the photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the as-synthesized and calcined ZnO NP. Our results showed enhanced PL intensity with a reduced full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) for ZnO NP synthesized at higher calcination temperature.     

Synthesis and optical properties of flower-like ZnO nanorods by thermal evaporation method

Flower-like ZnO nanorods have been synthesized by heating a mixture of ZnO/graphite powders using the thermal evaporation and vapor transport on Si (1 0 0) substrates without any catalyst. The structures, morphologies and optical properties of the products were characterized in detail by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), photoluminescence (PL) and Raman spectroscopy. The synthesized products consisted of large quantities of flower-like ZnO nanostructures in the form of uniform nanorods. The flower-like ZnO nanorods had high purity and well crystallized wurtzite structure, whose high crystalline quality was proved by Raman spectroscopy. The as-synthesized flower-like ZnO nanorods showed a strong ultraviolet emission at 386 nm and a weak and broad yellow-green emission in visible spectrum in its room temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectrum. In addition, the growth mechanism of the flower-like ZnO nanorods was discussed based on the reaction conditions.     

Effects of annealing on the structure and photoluminescence of ZnO-sputtered coaxial nanowires

We reported the preparation and annealing effects of Zinc oxide ZnO/SiO_x core-shell nanowires, in which ZnO shell layers were deposited by sputtering. Based on scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and photoluminescence (PL) investigations, we monitored structural and optical changes with respect to the post-annealing process. The samples were mostly amorphous with some crystalline ZnO structure, whereas annealing at 900-1000 °C reduced the amount of Zn elements. Thermal annealing induced change in the shape of the PL emission spectra.     

Synthesis and optical properties of ZnO nanorods on indium tin oxide substrate

ZnO nanorods with uniform diameter and length have been synthesized on an indium-tin oxide (ITO) substrate by using a simple thermal evaporation method which is suitable to larger scale production and without any catalyst or additives. The samples were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet-vis (UV-vis) absorption spectrum, photoluminescence (PL) spectrum and Raman spectrum. The single-phase ZnO nanorods grow well-oriented along the c-axis of its wurtzite structure on ITO substrate. The ZnO nanorods shows sharp and strong UV emission located at 380 nm without notable visible light emission in the PL spectrum, which suggests the good crystallinity of the nanorods, which was also testified by their Raman spectrum. The photodegradation of methylene orange (MO) in aqueous solution reveals that the well-arranged c-axis growth of ZnO nanorods possess evidently improved photocatalytic performance and these properties enable the ZnO nanorods potential application in UV laser.