用修正三梯度法测量束流发射度

 介绍了修正三梯度法的原理和利用该方法测量发射度的实验装置。编写了基于束包络方程的数值拟合程序，并进行了模拟计算。用修正三梯度法对3.5MeV注入器出口处脉冲电子束的发射度做了时间分辨的测量。结果表明，当空间电荷力不可忽略时，该注入器输出的电子束脉冲期间中间部分束的发射度为1 040π·mm·mrad。     

脉冲强流电子束的发射度测量

本文描述了利用多孔板测量脉冲强流电子束发射度的原理和方法。考虑了空间电荷和轴向磁场对测量的影响。实验参量是阴极形状、阳极网孔、二极管距离和电压、电流幅值。在直线感应加速器上、用天鹅绒平面阴极和腐蚀的钨网阳极,当束能为1.32MeV、束流为2kA时,测得均方根发射度ε_(rm)=79cm.mrad,相应规一化亮度B_n=4.8×10~3A/(cm.rad)~2。     

强流脉冲电子束时间分辨测试技术研究

简单介绍了LIA注入器中强流脉冲电子束能谱分布及发射度的测量原理.应用变象管扫描相机测量了脉冲宽度为100ns的强流脉冲电子束的能谱分布及发射度两个参量,得到了具有时间分辨本领为1ns的切伦科夫辐射图像.为强流直线感应加速器的研制,提供了实验数据.     

强流电子束在螺线管透镜作用下的聚焦特性

本文研究了由1.5MeV直线感应加速器(LIA)引出的2～3kA强流脉冲电子束在螺线管透镜作用下的聚焦特性。理论上,利用推导的非线性轨迹方程、K-V包络方程及解析方法研究了空间电荷效应、发射度、透镜球面像差和色散像差对最小焦斑直径的限制并对聚焦实验布局和参数进行了优化选择。实验上,获得了直径5～6mm的最小焦斑(包含90％电子)。实验结果与理论预估基本一致。     

2MeV注入器脉冲电子束时间分辨能谱诊断研究

 介绍了利用磁分析器和电子束产生的契伦科夫辐射光诊断直线感应加速器脉冲电子束时间分辨能谱的原理、方法及诊断系统，对中物院2MeV感应叠加型注入器的2kA强流脉冲电子束时间分辨能谱进行实验诊断，并与二极管电压进行对比分析。测得能量约2.2MeV，60ns内最大能量变化为4%。     

具有时间分辨能力的高能强流电子束光学渡越辐射测量系统

光学渡越辐射作为高能强流电子束束流参数测量的一种方式, 具有时间响应快、分辨率高等特点, 可以测量电子束的束剖面、发散角、能量等多个参数；通过电子束束参数的时间分辨测量则能够了解电子束产生、运输中的问题, 非常有利于加速器的研究与调试. 一种具有时间分辨能力的、利用光学渡越辐射进行高能强流电子束参数测量的系统被建立起来, 并应用到了18.5MeV, 2.5kA, 90ns的实际的电子束束参数的在线测量中, 具有以10ns的时间间隔和3ns的曝光时间来获得90ns内相应的时间分辨的束发射度的变化值的能力, 为加速器的研究提供了又一个强有力的测试手段. 该系统具有的时间分辨能力最高到达10ns, 一次可以拍摄到8幅图像, 最小的曝光时间为3ns, 图像分辨率为1376×1035, 幅面可以达到φ80mm以上.     

反磁回路技术诊断2MeV注入器出口处束包络半径

反磁回路(Diamagnetic loop,DML)诊断强流脉冲电子束半径的技术是一种可在线诊断的技术. 这种诊断技术与其他方法(如三梯度法)相配合可以同时在线诊断强流脉冲电子束的发射度、束包络斜率等参数. 介绍了反磁回路诊断电子束时间分辨均方根半径的原理, 并建立了相应的装置,通过标定给出了定标系数. 利用反磁回路诊断装置测量了2MeV直线感应型注入器出口处双脉冲强流电子束包络的均方根半径分别为6.84mm和5.63mm,和用分幅相机同步测量的结果具有较好的一致性.     

重复脉冲强流电子束传输技术研究

分析并推导出了环形强流电子束的稳定传输条件，通过静电磁场模拟计算对CHP01强流电子加速器二极管引导磁场的位形分布、幅值大小及磁场电源进行了优化设计.经实验调试及束斑测量，表明设计的1秒磁场满足束流稳定传输条件，能使电压800kV、电流8kA、脉冲宽度40ns、脉冲重复频率100Hz的环形强流电子束稳定传输，并已成功运用于CHP01强流电子加速器束流传输系统. 关键词： 束流传输 引导磁场 二极管 重复脉冲 电子束     

重复脉冲强流电子束源长时间稳定运行实验研究

 简要阐述了脉冲变压器型重复脉冲强流电子束加速器CHP01的组成、主要特点及工作原理，利用设计的重复脉冲强流电子束源进行了长时间运行实验研究，实验结果达到：在100 Hz重复频率下连续运行5 s，脉冲变压器能稳定输出电压1.15 MV,强流束二极管输出电压超过800 kV、束流7 kA、脉冲宽度45 ns，阴极电子发射密度超过10 kA/cm²，且运行稳定可靠。利用该电子束源进行了X波段类周期慢波结构微波器件实验研究，在50 Hz重复频率下连续运行5 s，输出微波功率超过1 GW，脉冲宽度大于25 ns。     

强流碳纳米管阴极快脉冲重频发射特性

在Cu基底上, 采用催化热解生长法制备了石墨化程度较高的碳纳米管阴极. 当电子束能量达到1 MeV、梯度约为60 kV/ns时, 发射束流强度达到15 kA, 相应密度约为1 kA/cm², 束压、束流响应快, 波形间几无延时. 以50 Hz重复频率、约15 GW束功率强流发射时, 波形稳定, 随着频率增高, 稳定性降低. 发射炮次达1000后, 表面形貌保持完整、界面无脱附; 束压与束流基本满足空间电荷限制定律, 发射机理属闪络型等离子体发射, 等离子体速度约为3.9 cm/μs.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.