Kerr非线性介质中聚焦像散高斯光束的传输特性

当高功率激光通过Kerr非线性介质传输时,Kerr效应会严重影响激光的传输特性.实际应用中常遇到像散光束.迄今为止,像散光束传输特性的研究大都局限于在线性介质中的传输,而在非线性介质中传输的研究较少,且还未涉及像散激光束通过含光学系统的Kerr非线性介质传输变换的研究.本文主要研究Kerr效应对聚焦光束像散特性和焦移特性的影响,以及聚焦像散高斯光束的自聚焦焦距和光束焦点调控.在光束扩展情况下,推导出了聚焦像散高斯光束在Kerr非线性介质中传输的束宽、束腰位置和焦移的解析公式,研究表明:在自聚焦介质中,随着自聚焦作用增强(如光束功率增强),光束像散越强,但焦移越小;在自散焦介质中,随着自散焦作用增强(如光束功率增强),光束像散越弱,但焦移越大.另一方面,在光束自聚焦情况下,推导出了自聚焦焦距的解析公式,研究表明利用光束像散可以调控光束焦点个数.     

超常介质中精确的亮暗类孤子的传输特性

基于超常介质中超短脉冲传输的非线性薛定谔方程,解析得到了两种精确的亮、暗类孤子解,并详细讨论了在超常介质中该亮、暗类孤子的存在条件和传输特性.结果发现,在自散焦超常介质的正、负折射区域,该类亮孤子可以存在于反常色散区,这与常规介质中亮孤子存在于自散焦介质中的正常色散区不同;而在自聚焦超常介质的反常色散区,该类暗孤子可以存在于正、负折射率区,在自散焦超常介质的反常色散区,该类暗孤子仅存在于负折射区间.此外,我们数值研究了该类亮、暗孤子的存在条件不能严格满足时的传输稳定性,结果显示,在一定的归一化频率区间,该类亮、暗孤子都能够较稳定地传输.     

自陡峭效应影响下超常介质中精确的类孤子研究

以超常介质中超短脉冲传输的归一化非线性薛定谔方程为模型,采用拟解法解析得到了自陡峭效应影响下的一组新型的精确亮、暗类孤子解。研究发现,当自陡峭效应、群速度色散和赝五阶非线性效应达到平衡时,在正折射自聚焦超常介质的反常色散区,既可以存在亮类孤子也可以存在暗类孤子,但亮、暗类孤子具有不同的脉宽、频移、速度和波数。这与自聚焦常规介质中亮孤子存在于反常色散区而暗孤子存在于正常色散区明显不同。最后,数值研究了存在条件偏离和白噪声干扰下该新型类孤子的稳定性,结果表明该亮、暗类孤子都能保持自身形状比较稳定的在超常介质中传输。     

高斯光束通过非线性折射和吸收介质的光强分布

以衍射理论为基础,推导并模拟了高斯光束通过非线性折射和吸收效应介质后的远场光强分布。结果表明:入射高斯光束引起的介质折射率变化和光束波前曲率影响介质出射面光束的径向调制相位,安装在焦点前的有自聚焦效应的介质和安装在焦点后的有自散焦效应的介质具有闪耀光栅的能力,使远场出现中心为暗斑外侧为亮环的衍射图样。非线性折射效应为主的介质,其非线性吸收效应的变化同时改变远场衍射图样的数目和光强值,但对于非线性吸收效应为主的介质,衍射图样的数目随吸收效应的变化不明显,吸收效应只影响光强值。     

强光光学效应(Ⅱ)

四、强光自聚焦、自调制与自加宽效应 在普通弱光辐射通过一般透明光学介质时,由于线性电极化效应,折射率与入射光强无关,因此光束的传播特性不受光强变化的影响,而只由介质的光程分布所决定.在强激光入射作用下,由于三次非线性电极化效应的结果,使得光学介质的折射率发生了与入射光束光强分布有关的附加变化,从而导致光束传输特性的相应变化.由三次非线性电极化强度一般表示式出发,很容易导出介质在光波场强值E的强光入射作用下所引起的折射率变化为式中n2表示与入射光强(它正比于E2)成正比的折射率变化的系数,亦称为非线性折射系数.由上…     

高斯光束通过非线性介质层的限幅效应

本文用数值分析的方法研究了两维高斯光束通过一定厚度的非线性折射介质后在线性空间传播的状态,分析了光束的近场和远场横向强度分布及通过一定孔径光阑的功率.结果表明,在考虑到光束经过非线性介质时,相位与横向分布都会发生变化后,仅在非线性折射效应作用下,在远场就存在限幅效应.在一定的强度范围之内,近场也存在限幅利用的可能性.     

色散磁导率对异向介质中的调制不稳定性的影响

基于Drude模型研究了异向介质的色散磁导率对调制不稳定性的影响. 结果表明,在反常色散情形,赝五阶非线性在异向介质的负折射区中增大了调制频谱的范围及增益值,这与常规正折射介质中出现的现象正好相反;自陡峭效应在异向介质中有可能为负值,但无论正负,也无论在正折射区还是负折射区,它都抑制调制不稳定性的产生;二阶非线性色散效应在正、负折射区中分别促进和抑制调制不稳定性的产生. 在正常色散情形,由于二阶非线性色散效应的作用,使本来在常规正折射介质中不可能出现的调制不稳定性现象也能出现,这一特性为在正常色散区形成孤 关键词： 异向介质 调制不稳定性 色散磁导率 二阶非线性色散     

色散磁导率对异向介质中的调制不稳定性的影响

基于Drude模型研究了异向介质的色散磁导率对调制不稳定性的影响. 结果表明，在反常色散情形，赝五阶非线性在异向介质的负折射区中增大了调制频谱的范围及增益值，这与常规正折射介质中出现的现象正好相反；自陡峭效应在异向介质中有可能为负值，但无论正负，也无论在正折射区还是负折射区，它都抑制调制不稳定性的产生；二阶非线性色散效应在正、负折射区中分别促进和抑制调制不稳定性的产生. 在正常色散情形，由于二阶非线性色散效应的作用，使本来在常规正折射介质中不可能出现的调制不稳定性现象也能出现，这一特性为在正常色散区形成孤     

自散焦介质中光束聚焦的最佳参数选择

对自散焦介质中由交叉相位调制效应引发的光束聚焦过程进行了细致的系统研究,讨论了抽运光初始振幅、抽运光信号光初始间距和抽运光信号光波长比三个参量对信号光聚焦过程的影响.数值模拟结果表明:抽运光越强,信号光聚焦程度越大;抽运光信号光初始间距和抽运光信号光波长比均存在一个最佳值,使得光束聚焦达到最佳效果.通过参数最佳值的选择,可提高光束聚焦的效率 关键词： 非线性折射率系数 交叉相位调制效应 自散焦介质 光束聚焦     

环形斑光束在非线性克尔介质中的自聚焦效应

通过数值求解非线性Schrödinger方程,详细讨论了环形斑光束在非线性克尔介质中的传输特性.当入射光超过一定的功率时,光束产生多级自聚焦现象,自聚焦焦点出现在离轴的环上;自聚焦阈值与环形光束的半径有关;传输过程中光斑存在横向分裂现象,并且分裂与聚焦交替进行;当两个半径不同的同轴环状光束同时在非线性介质中传输时产生耦合效应,耦合效应使其自聚焦增强.     

Gap solitons in metamaterials

Electromagnetic localization and the existence of gap solitons in nonlinear metamaterials, which exhibit a stop band in their linear spectral response, is theoretically investigated. For a self-focusing Kerr nonlinearity, the equation for the electric field envelope with carrier frequency in the stop band—where the magnetic permeability µ(?) is positive and the dielectric permittivity ε(?) is negative—is described by a nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation with a dispersive nonlinear term. A family of standing and moving localized waves for both electric and magnetic fields is found, and the role played by the nonlinear dispersive term on solitary wave stability is discussed.     

高功率微波低电离层传输的聚焦和散焦特性

 基于高功率微波(HPM)混合气体传输模型,系统阐述了考虑磁效应条件下HPM窄波束在低电离层中传输时的聚焦与散焦原理,推导了考虑外加磁场和HPM热效应情况下,窄波束在低电离层中传输的非线性几何光学方程及聚焦和散焦特性描述参数,并对低电离层中的波束发散特性进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明：低电离层表现出的散焦特性,使HPM窄波束发散,L,R,O,X波均发生了波束发散现象,且R波的波束发散角最大,O,X波次之,L波最小,但随着入射波频率的增加,这种差别逐渐减小;相同条件下,入射波频率越高,散焦现象越弱;一定入射波频率条件下,波束轴线上的场强越大,波束发散现象越明显。     

Propagation of Gaussian beams in negative-index metamaterials with cubic nonlinearity

Propagation of Gaussian beams in the negative-index metamaterials (NIMs) with cubic nonlinearities is investigated, both theoretically and numerically. The role of the status of the incident Gaussian beam, which is scaled by a converging parameter in this paper, in beam self-focusing and self-defocusing in NIMs is specially identified. The expressions for beam self-focusing and self-defocusing for different converging parameter cases, and the dependence of the critical power and the focus location of self-focusing in NIMs on the converging parameter are obtained. It is found that it is the divergent rather than convergent incident beams which are self-focused more quickly in NIMs with defocusing nonlinearities, in sharp contrast with the propagation property of Gaussian beams in conventional Kerr media, in which beam self-focusing only occurs in the media with focusing nonlinearities and a convergent incident beam self-focuses more quickly than a divergent one. By adjusting the converging parameter of incident Gaussian beam or the controllable magnetic permeability of NIM, or both, one can manipulate the beam self-focusing in NIMs at will.     

The anomalous penetration of intense circularly polarized electromagnetic beam through overdense magnetized plasma

The steady state nonlinear propagation of an intense, circularly polarized electromagnetic beam in an inhomogeneous magnetized plasma has been investigated in paraxial approximation. The laser induces a large oscillatory velocity on electrons, raising their mass and lowering the plasma frequency. Further, rising due to cyclotron resonance effect. The propagation of the electromagnetic waves in magnetized plasma in both the extraordinary and ordinary mode is analyzed. The nonlinearity in dielectric function is considered in presence of external magnetic field due to saturation effects for arbitrary large intensity, which leads to focusing/defocusing of the beam. The focusing effect along with magnetic field helps in the process of anomalous penetration of the beam by enhancing the depletion of the plasma from the axial region. The penetration increases with the incident beam power up to some critical value beyond which it rises abruptly when all electrons have been driven out of the axis. The cyclotron resonance effect awfully supports the laser beam to propagate inside the overdense plasma region. Numerical computations are performed for typical parameters of relativistic laser–plasma interaction applicable for underdense and overdense plasma.     

Self-focusing of elliptically shaped high-power laser beams in a fully ionized plasma

The effect of self-focusing of a high-power light beam with an elliptical cross-section in a strongly ionised plasma has been evaluated. The mechanism of self-focusing considered is non-uniform heating of plasma by an electromagnetic wave having transverse variation of amplitude along its wave front. The heating causes redistribution of carriers which lead to a nonlinear relationship between the electron density and the electric vector and hence to a field-dependent effective dielectric constant. It is found that the beam gets focused at different focal points in different directions exhibiting the effect of astigmatism. There are several critical powers, below thex=0,y=0 planes; at higher powers one dimension focuses while the other defocusses, an oscillatory waveguide is formed in both dimensions. Above the highest critical power both dimensions self-focus, the dimensionless beam width parametersf ₁ andf ₂ forx andy focusing reach different minima corresponding to different self-focusing distances beyond which both dimensions continue diverging. The effect of energy loss through absorption from the beam has also been considered. It has been observed that absorption brings about a reduction in the extent of self-focusing and favours defocusing of the beam.     

Quadruple Gaussian Laser Beam Profile Dynamics in Collisionless Magnetized Plasma

This paper presents an investigation of self-focusing of a quadruple Gaussian laser beam in collisionless magnetized plasma. The nonlinearity due to ponderomotive force which arises on account of nonuniform intensity distribution of the laser beam is considered. The nonlinear partial differential equation governing the evaluation of complex envelope in the slowly varying envelope approximation is solved using a paraxial formalism. The self-focusing mechanism in magnetized plasma, in the presence of self-compression mechanism will be analyzed in contrast to the case in which it is absent. It can be observed that, in case of ponderomotive nonlinearity, the self-compression mechanism obstructs the pulse self-focusing above a certain intensity value. The effect of an external magnetic field is to generate pulses with smaller spot size and shorter compression length. The lateral separation parameter and the initial intensity of the laser beam play a crucial role on focusing and compression parameters. Also, the three-dimensional analysis of pulse propagation is presented by coupling the self-focusing equation with the self-compression one.     

Quadruple Gaussian Laser Beam Profile Dynamics in Collisionless Magnetized Plasma

This paper presents an investigation of self-focusing of a quadruple Gaussian laser beam in collisionless magnetized plasma. The nonlinearity due to ponderomotive force which arises on account of nonuniform intensity distribution of the laser beam is considered. The nonlinear partial differential equation governing the evaluation of complex envelope in the slowly varying envelope approximation is solved using a paraxial formalism. The self-focusing mechanism in magnetized plasma, in the presence of self-compression mechanism will be analyzed in contrast to the case in which it is absent. It can be observed that, in case of ponderomotive nonlinearity, the self-compression mechanism obstructs the pulse self-focusing above a certain intensity value. The effect of an external magnetic field is to generate pulses with smaller spot size and shorter compression length. The lateral separation parameter and the initial intensity of the laser beam play a crucial role on focusing and compression parameters. Also, the three-dimensional analysis of pulse propagation is presented by coupling the self-focusing equation with the self-compression one.     

Relativistic channel-coupling focusing enhanced nonlinear guiding of an intense laser beam in a plasma channel

We employ the variational method to study the optical guiding of an intense laser beam in a preformed plasma channel without using the weakly relativistic approximation. Apart from the dependence on the laser power and the nonlinear channel strength parameter, the beam focusing properties is shown also to be governed by the laser intensity. Relativistic channel-coupling focusing, arising from the coupling between relativistic self-focusing and linear channel focusing, can enhance relativistic self-focusing but its strength is weaker than that of linear channel focusing.     

Displacement and aberration effects in nonlinear focusing

A model for external self-focusing of a laser beam due to the optical phase shift generated in a thin nonlinear layer has been studied. The cubic nonlinear susceptibility used has both absorptive and refractive components. Intensity profiles of the beam in the region of the focal plane of a linear lens have been constructed for various laser input cross-sections, and yield insight into the nonlinear focusing and defocusing mechanisms. The shape of the wings of the input beam has been found to affect the diffraction pattern significantly.     

Megagauss Magnetic Field Generation in Laser Produced Plasmas due to Self-Focussing of the Laser Beam

The magnetic field generated in a plasma due to the irradiation of a Gaussian laser beam is estimated, taking into consideration the self-focusing effect of the laser. It is found that a self focusing of the beam propagating in a plasma increases the magnitude of the magnetic field and it is comparable with the measured values.