多孔NiTi形状记忆合金阻尼性能的测量和应用

本文利用苏州职业大学测试技术研究所设计改进的LMR-1型低频力学驰豫谱测量系统(低频扭摆式内耗仪)强迫振动方式,在0℃～200℃温度范围内测量了不同成分和孔隙率NiTi合金的内耗和模量性质,为设计多孔NiTi合金在耗能减振方面的应用提供依据.     

NiTi合金中马氏体相的低频力学谱研究

我们用最近研制成功的LMA型低频力学谱测试系统对NiTi合金马氏体相进行了在很大频率范围内（0．003～1Hz）的低频等温力学谱和温度谱的测量．我们研究的形状记忆合金NiTi（Ni50．2at％）试样长34mm，直径1mm细丝．经一定热处理，分别在333K．343K和353K做了内耗随频率的变化的测量。实验表明：频率越小，内耗越大，也就是内耗随频率减少而增大。同时我们采用阶梯升温的方法在八个温度下每个温度测量三种频率（1Hz，0．1Hz，0．01Hz）的内耗，结果清楚地表明：不同频率下，内耗峰都出现在372K（99℃）。而且频率越低，峰高越高。这是具有相变峰的特点：相变峰的峰温不随测量频率不同而变化，相变峰高度随频率减少而增大。我们还测量了在1Hz与0．5Hz频率下内耗随温度的变化。本文用马氏体相的位错理论初步讨论了上述实验结果。     

NiTi合金中马氏体相的低频力学谱研究

我们用最近研制成功的LMA型低频力学谱测试系统对NiTi合金马氏体相进行了在很大频率范围内(0.003～1Hz)的低频等温力学谱和温度谱的测量.我们研究的形状记忆合金NiTi(Ni 50.2 at%)试样长34 mm,直径1 mm细丝.经一定热处理,分别在333 K. 343 K和353 K做了内耗随频率的变化的测量.实验表明:频率越小,内耗越大,也就是内耗随频率减少而增大.同时我们采用阶梯升温的方法在八个温度下每个温度测量三种频率(1 Hz, 0.1 Hz, 0.01 Hz)的内耗,结果清楚地表明:不同频率下,内耗峰都出现在372 K(99℃).而且频率越低,峰高越高.这是具有相变峰的特点:相变峰的峰温不随测量频率不同而变化,相变峰高度随频率减少而增大.我们还测量了在1 Hz与0.5 Hz频率下内耗随温度的变化.本文用马氏体相的位错理论初步讨论了上述实验结果.     

Ag-Cd合金贝氏体相变内耗

使用低频倒扭摆测量了Ag-42.3at％Cd合金在室温至250℃范围内等温过程中内耗随时间的变化和不同升温速率下内耗与温度的关系。试验表明,Ag-Cd合金发生贝氏体相变时内耗升高是由于贝氏体相变形核过程中母相基体点阵的不稳定,内耗的升高决定于贝氏体形核率J^*与点阵局部软化区单位体积内耗值Q_s^-1的乘积。 关键词：     

Zn-Al二元合金熔化过程的低频内耗研究

利用强迫振动扭摆方法对ZnAl二元合金熔化过程的低频内耗进行了研究.结果表明,ZnAl二元合金熔化过程的内耗峰与其固态相变内耗峰的特征有较大差异.结合该合金熔化过程的微观结构变化,初步分析了内耗峰的形成机理. 关键词： Zn-Al合金 低频内耗 熔化     

以内耗技术探索Pb-Sn合金熔体的结构变化

以改进的低频扭摆内耗仪研究了液态PbSn合金连续升温过程的内耗行为.结果表明:合金在液相线以上500—800℃温区内出现内耗峰,其峰温不随频率变化,峰高与升温速率成正比,与振动频率成反比,这与固态相变内耗峰的特征相吻合;合金成分不同,内耗峰峰温不同;非共晶成分合金熔体的内耗曲线上出现次峰.这一现象揭示了PbSn合金熔体随温度可能发生结构转变.对PbSn合金进行差热分析,熔体出现的热效应峰与内耗峰的温区大体对应,进一步揭示熔体的内耗峰可能是由结构转变引起的. 关键词： 液态结构 内耗 Pb-Sn合金     

铝-0.1%镁合金中表现反常振幅效应的低频位错内耗峰

用低频扭摆测量了经过轻度冷加工的Al-0.l％Mg合金在室温时效过程中的内耗变化,观察到表现反常振幅效应的时效内耗峯。用经过充分时效而内耗已达到稳定值的试样进行升温和降温内耗测量,也在30—55℃的温度范围内观察到表现反常振幅效应的温度内耗峯。这些现象在高纯铝试样和经过完全退火的Al-0.l％Mg合金试样中都不出现。在Al-0.l％Mg合金中也能观察到以前在Al-0.5％Cu合金中所观察到的反常内耗现象,这就排斥了任何用在点阵中所发生的一般脱溶沉淀过程来解释这种反常内耗现象的可能性,困为在含0.1％Mg的铝合金中,在实验测量所涉及的温度范围内,是不能够在点阵中发生一般的脱溶沉淀过程的。为了解释铝镁合金中所呈现的反常内耗现象的特点,可以假设在铝镁合金中能够形成两种位错气团:一种是“镁原子-空位”对与位错所组成的气团,这种气团能够在应变时效过程中形成;另一种气团是镁原子与位错所组成的气团,当经过范性形变的试样的温度升高到100℃左右时,镁原子与空位脱离,在退火过程中就单独与位错形成气团。前一种气团对于位错的钉札较第二种为强,因而它的振幅内耗峯出现在较高的振幅值。     

氧离子导体La1.95K0.05Mo2-xMnxO9-δ的内耗研究

本文用低频内耗的方法研究了氧离子导体材料La1.95K0.05Mo2-xMnxO9中氧离子的微观扩散机制.当测量频率为0.5 Hz时,在130℃和520℃附近分别观察到一弛豫内耗峰,而在280℃～300℃范围内有一相变峰存在.讨论了各个内耗峰的机理.     

氧离子导体La1.95K0.05Mo2-xMnxO9-δ的内耗研究

本文用低频内耗的方法研究了氧离子导体材料La1.95K0.05Mo2-xMnxO9中氧离子的微观扩散机制.当测量频率为0.5 Hz时,在130℃和520℃附近分别观察到一弛豫内耗峰,而在280℃～300℃范围内有一相变峰存在.讨论了各个内耗峰的机理.     

氧离子导体La_(1.95)K_(0.05)Mo_(2-x)Mn_xO_(9-δ)的内耗研究

本文用低频内耗的方法研究了氧离子导体材料La1.95K0.05Mo2-xMnxO9中氧离子的微观扩散机制。当测量频率为0.5 Hz时,在130℃和520℃附近分别观察到一弛豫内耗峰,而在280℃~300℃范围内有一相变峰存在。讨论了各个内耗峰的机理。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.