一种可能的简并谱NNS分布

利用随机矩阵理论,通过对一特殊情形的简并谱展开研究,得到了简并谱一种可能的最小相邻间距NNS分布函数．研究表明,由于简并的存在,简并谱不仅可分解成随机谱和规则谱两个子谱,同时还影响其规则谱,使规则谱的能级斥力减少．     

多维谱的简化探测

提出一种利用谱编辑的方法来简化二维谱的探测,使得一张二维谱可以被简化为N条一维谱(N等于二维谱中F1维上的谱线总数),从而达到缩短数据采集时间和减少数据贮存空间的目的。文中给出了运用此方法探测二维碳氢异核相关实验的实例,并分析了由于F1维的谱线不为δ函数而产生的编辑误差的大小,最后将此方法推广到三维的简化探测,即通过对N张二维谱的编辑获得三维谱的信息。     

辉石巨晶结构OH的分子光谱结晶学定向初探

利用分子光谱谱带位移、谱带强度、谱带形态等的变化,可以初步对晶体作结晶学定向。普通辉石结构OH红外光谱3组谱带值,垂直c轴方向相对于平行c轴的谱带各不相同：第一组谱带值,3 629～3 633 cm-1谱带红移到3 601～3 616 cm-1;第二组谱带值3 514～3 543 cm-1同样有红移现象;第三组3 460～3 465 cm-1的谱带值相反则有蓝移现象。相对强度上,两个方向上第一组的谱带强度相当;第二组、第三组谱带强度平行方向明显强于垂直方向。形态上则差别不大。拉曼谱垂直方向谱带强度普遍强于平行方向,谱带位置与形态基本不变。结构OH不同结晶方向的谱图性质可以反映一定的地质构造环境。     

依赖强度耦合的Λ型三能级Jaynes-Cummings模型的原子发射谱及腔场谱

在假设原子初始处于激发态并计入原子-场耦合强度依赖性的条件下,用本征函数法研究了Λ型三能级原子与单模腔场共振相互作用系统的原子发射谱和腔场谱。结果表明,基态能级裂距对谱结构有重要影响。发射谱和腔场谱的谱线随初场增强不发生合并现象,腔场谱对初场光子统计性质不敏感。     

依赖强度耦合的∧型三能级Jaynes-Cummings模型的原子发射谱及腔场谱

在假设原子初始处于激发态并计入原子-场耦合强度依赖性的条件下,用本征函数法研究了∧型三能级原子与单模腔场共振相互作用系统的原子发射谱和腔场谱.结果表明,基态能级裂距对谱结构有重要影响.发射谱和腔场谱的谱线随初场增强不发生合并现象,腔场谱对初场光子统计性质不敏感.     

拉曼除谱原位测量水溶液中蛋白质的酰胺A谱带

蛋白质的酰胺A谱带对蛋白质的酰胺氢键结构很敏感. 然而由于该谱带和水的OH伸缩振动谱带严重重叠,导致在蛋白质水溶液中原位测量酰胺A谱带依旧很困难. 我们提出了一种新的分析方法用于原位测量水溶液中的酰胺A谱带. 这个方法称为拉曼除谱法. 将蛋白质水溶液光谱除以纯水光谱即可获得拉曼除谱. 利用数值模拟从数学上肯定了使用拉曼除谱可以直接获得酰胺A谱带. 我们还通过测量溶菌酶和α-糜蛋白酶的固体和水溶液的拉曼光谱,这些光谱也证实了可以通过拉曼除谱法直接获取酰胺A谱带. 利用拉曼除谱还分析了溶菌酶的热变性过程. 这些研究表明拉曼除谱可以原位地表征水溶液中的蛋白质酰胺A谱带.     

海面波浪谱对深海低频环境噪声的影响

提出了一种适用于深海低频环境噪声的波浪谱,通过声压谱和波浪谱的理论关系,分析了深海低频噪声在百赫兹以下的谱特征,解释了不同频段噪声谱的主要产生机理。将深海传播条件下海面波浪谱与海面风速相结合,利用波浪发声理论得到一种低频海洋环境噪声理论表示方法。仿真结果表明,波浪谱决定着辐射噪声谱的强度和斜率,本模型得到的理论噪声谱可以对低频海洋环境噪声进行预报。2016年的深海实验观测数据分析显示,统计的环境噪声谱级在1 Hz至100 Hz频段范围内大于70 dB,并且噪声谱在低频段呈倒“N”型,在34 Hz处为噪声谱的谷值,噪声级为70 dB,在50 Hz处为噪声谱的峰值,噪声级为92 dB,通过理论计算和实验对比,相关系数为0.95,理论结果和实验测量对比结果符合较好。      

氢气放电源和X光机X射线源打靶谱的研究

用氢气放电源打靶的方法,测到了系列的谱线.为了鉴别这些谱线,进行了X光机X射线源打靶实验和两种源打靶的对比实验.实验结果表明:在X光机X射线源打靶谱中,除靶材料的特征X射线和两条源谱线外,还存在两种谱线:一种是能量变化的谱线,根据不同衍射角θ和测量角φ的实验结果,及打多晶体靶和非晶体靶的实验事实,表明这种能量变化的谱线是衍射线;另一种是能量恒定不变的谱线.氢气放电源和X光机X射线源打靶谱的对比实验结果表明:两种源打靶谱自洽.这说明和X光机X射线源打靶谱一样,氢气放电源打靶谱中那些能量变化的谱线是衍射线.但     

饱和非线性下零色散附近的交叉相位调制非稳

从光纤中扩展的耦合非线性薛定谔方程组出发,在饱和非线性光纤零色散附近,研究了不同二、四阶色散参量下交叉相位调制不稳定性增益谱及其临界扰动频率、谱宽和谱峰随两光波入射功率的演化特点.研究表明,随色散参量不同,增益谱随两光波入射功率的增大可能出现三种演化形式：一是始终是两个分离的谱区;二是由开始时的两个合成一个,最后再分离成两个;三是始终是一个谱区.饱和非线性的存在则使每个谱区的谱宽、谱峰及远离零点的临界扰动频率,随两光波入射功率的增大可能呈现出先增大后减小的特点,使第二谱区靠近零点的临界扰动频率呈现先减小后增大的特点,从而可能出现两个不同的输入功率对应同一个增益峰值和谱宽的情形.色散参量对增益谱的谱峰影响小,对谱宽影响大.越靠近零色散区,每个谱区谱宽越大,越易连成一个谱区.     

时变分析的时间尺度谱方法

文章介绍时变分析的时间尺度谱方法及其在X射线天文学中的应用.时间尺度谱方法包括时域功率谱、时域时延谱以及w谱等,是一种直接应用在时域上的多尺度分析手段.相对于传统方法,时间尺度谱能更客观灵敏地反映物理实质,有效地抑制噪声干扰,在高背景低统计性的X射线天文观测中得到了很好的应用.     

用对比法研究涡旋电场

从电流的磁场公式和涡旋电场的环流公式出发．用对比方法得出计算涡旋电场的一般公式，并解答几个基本问题。     

ВОЗБУЖДЕНИЕ ВРАЩАТЕ ЛЬНЫХ УРОВНЕЙ ЯДЕР ПРИ РАССЕЯНИИ НУКЛОН ОВ БОЛЬШИХ ЭНЕРГИЙ

The excitation of rotational levels of nuclei by scattering of high nucleons is considered. The general formula for cross-section is obtained. The cross-section dependence of excitation of first two rotational levels of even-even nuclei on nuclear deformation parameter is given for three values of parametera, which characteries absorption of nucleons by nuclear matter.     

Mg24的转动能级的初步研究

直到目前为止,Mg²⁴的能级、自旋、宇称之在5.24兆电子伏以下者都已准确测定,但对5.24兆电子伏以上者,实验结果尚多分歧。Mg²⁴能级的转动带的特征虽已可肯定,但实验值4.12兆电子伏和从简单的转动能级公式算出的数值4.6兆电子伏的差别,远超过实验误差的范围,对于简单的理论的修正可有两个来源,即振动转动相互作用和转动微扰。本文指出,单考虑一方面的修正不能合理地说明实验事实,只有同时考虑上述两方面的修正才能完满地理解能级的实验结果,并且说明最近测出的γ跃迁分支比和E(2)/M(1)比。     

Calculation of Neutron Resonance Spacing with Microscopic Theory

Nuclear level spacings calculated with a microscopic theory are compared with spacings determined fromneutron resonance experiment. The gross features of the experimental data due to nuclear shells are reproduced with themicroscopic theory. The experimental data for nuclei with statistically deformed nuclei have also been tested with leveldensity formula including low energy rotational levels. The experimental data for the actinide nuclei and the lanthanidenuclei are found to be consistent with the theory which includes collective rotational levels.     

Dynamic rotational characteristics of actinides on empirical approach

In the paper calculation of the moments of inertia for nuclei from the region 87 ≤ Z ≤ 100 and 130 ≤ N ≤ 156 was made in dependence on the angular momentum of their rotational states. The experimental values of the moments of inertia were calculated for rotational energy of the classic rotor in its quantum form, with the use of a simple formula. The moment of inertia term appearing in the formula was treated as a variable. The calculations were carried out on the basis of experimental data for the energies of the rotational levels for 51 bands built on ground states for even-even nuclei and for nuclei with odd mass number A. In addition, 30 rotational bands built on excited states were also analysed in the investigated region in case of even-even nuclei. For many bands and nuclei the considered dependence of the moment of inertia on angular momentum has been found in the analytical form by fitting polynomials to the experimental data. It turned out that obtained results for the moments of inertia made it possible to describe the energies of rotational levels with a relative deviation not greater or only slightly greater than 1%. In general, in the case of 12 bands of ground level the maximum relative deviation of obtained level energies is smaller than 1%.      

Comparison between formulas of rotational band for axially symmetric deformed nuclei

The experimental rotational spectra of the deformed nuclei available in even-even and odd-A nuclei in the rare-earth and actinide regions are systematically analyzed with several rotational spectra formulas,including Bohr-Mottelson's I(I+l)-expansion,Harris'w2-expansion,ab and abc formulas.It is shown that the simple 2-parameter ab formula is much better than the widely used 2-parameter Bohr-Mottelson's AB formula and Harris'αβ formula.The available data of the rotational spectra of both ground-state band in even-even nuclei and one-quaasiparticle band in odd-A nuclei can be conveniently and rather accurately reproduced by ab formula and abc formula.The moment of inertia and the variation with rotational frequency of angular momentum can be satisfactorily reproduced by ab and abc formulas.     

Vibrational and Rotational Motions Model of Nucleus(Ⅰ) Cranking Bohr-Mottelson Hamiltonian and Analyses of the Rotational Bands of Even-Even Nuclei

Starting from cranking shell model,a collective vibrational and rotational Hamiltonian(cranking Bohr-Mottelson Hamiltonian CBMH)is derived,in which the rotational frequency is not quantized.Introducing a reasonable collective potential,the formula for the rotational spectrum can be obtained.The formula is applied to analyze the rotational bands of even-even nuclei with satisfactory results.     

原子核振动与转动模型（Ⅰ）推转玻尔─莫特逊哈密顿量和偶偶核正常转动谱分析

从推转壳模型出发，导出了转动频率未量子化的集体振动－转动哈密顿量，称为推转玻尔－莫特逊哈密顿量（ＣＢＭＨ）．引入合理的集体运动位势，由ＣＢＭＨ可以得到解析形式的转动谱公式．应用这一振动－转动模型，对偶偶变形核的正常转动能谱进行了分析，取得了满意的结果．     

法拉第电磁感应定律的磁势分析

在经典物理的条件下展开并用磁势表达和分析了法拉第电磁感应;区得了涡电场的普遍算式,证明了在电磁感应中,电流源的运动与导体回路的运动满足相对运动的条件。     

Ground state spectrum of methylcyanide

The rotational spectrum of methylcyanide (acetonitrile) in the ground vibrational state was measured in the spectral region from 91 to 810 GHz using the Cologne and Tsukuba spectrometers operated in the Doppler-limited and sub-Doppler saturation layouts. The resolution of the saturation Lamb-dip measurements is estimated to be about 1 kHz at the best of circumstances and the measuring accuracy of 10-60 kHz depending very sensitively on the quality of the spectrum. In the cases of rotational transitions with the low quantum number J (J<18) and with a low difference of the rotational quantum numbers J−K, the resolved or partly resolved hyperfine structures of the rotational transitions were observed. Together with the most accurate data from the literature, the newly measured experimental data were analyzed using the traditional polynomial energy formula as well as the Padè approximant for the effective rotational Hamiltonian. The resulting rotational, centrifugal distortion, and hyperfine structure spectroscopic constants were obtained with a significantly higher accuracy than the ones listed in the literature. In addition, an anomalous accidental resonance was detected between the K=14 ground state levels and the K=12, +l levels in the excited v₈=1 vibrational state.