Theoretical analysis of THz Sommerfeld wave propagation on metal wire at normal temperature

In this paper, THz Sommerfeld wave propagation on single bare metal wire and dielectrically coated metal wire waveguide is presented by the numerical calculation from 0.1 THz to 1 THz. The influences of different metal and different dielectric materials on the electric field distribution around the metal wire are analyzed. The characteristics of energy coupling in the coated metal wire with different metal and dimensions are also proposed. The analysis results release a fundamental characteristic for describing the surface wave propagation along the dielectrically coated metal wire at terahertz frequencies, and moreover, the analysis results also suggest that a simple dielectrically coated metal-wire can be used for terahertz applications due to its energy concentration, as compared to the single bare metal wire.     

Nanofocusing of terahertz wave on conical metal wire waveguides

The nanofocusing of the terahertz (THz) radiation energy is studied. By using a conical metal nanowire waveguide, we focus the energy of the terahertz surface plasmon polaritons (THz SPPs) to several nanometers’ scale. Another interesting property of the THz SPPs propagation on the waveguide is that the peak electric field at the waveguide tip enhances many times. What is more, both the phase velocity and the attenuation coefficient versus the wire radius are obtained. The terahertz energy nanofocusing opens the way to observe terahertz propagating and imaging on the nanoscale.     

THz波段介质涂敷空芯金属圆波导的传输特性

针对THz波段介质涂敷空芯金属圆波导传输特性的精确分析问题,基于波导中场方程及边界条件建立关于传播常数的特征方程,并且采用改进的Muller法求解特征方程得到涂敷圆波导主模HE11模的传播常数。计算中对THz波段的非理想导体电导率采用经典弛豫效应模型。仿真结果表明:内径为1.8 mm的银波导,当聚苯乙烯涂敷层厚度为17 m时,HE11模在1.5~3.0 THz的衰减常数在1 dB/m以下,且具有较好的色散特性;内径为2.2 mm的银波导,在2.5 THz时其衰减常数随涂敷层厚度的增加先增大后减小,且存在最佳介质涂敷层厚度,可实现THz波低损耗传输。     

太赫兹波在有限电导率金属空芯波导中的传输特性

研究了太赫兹波在具有有限电导率的金属镀层空芯波导中的传输特性.从其传输的特性方程出发,利用Newton-Raphson迭代方法数值模拟了传输损耗和相位常数随太赫兹波频率、波导内径以及波导中金属镀层的电导率的变化关系.结果表明,采用大芯径波导和高电导率的金属镀层能有效降低太赫兹波的传输损耗. 关键词： 太赫兹波 空芯波导 特征方程     

欧姆损耗对太赫兹频段同轴表面波振荡器的影响

为了研究欧姆损耗对太赫兹波段真空电子器件工作特性的影响, 本文推导了2.5维全电磁粒子模拟软件UNIPIC的表面阻抗边界条件, 并采用软件对不同金属材料慢波结构的同轴结构表面波振荡器进行了数值模拟研究, 分析了不同金属材料慢波结构器件的输出功率与电导率的关系, 模拟结果表明: 金属电导率对器件的输出功率有非常大的影响, 对于0.14 THz 同轴表面波振荡器, 铜材料和不锈钢材料慢波结构器件的输出功率分别下降13.4%和63.9%, 起振时间分别延迟0.4 ns 和15 ns.     

Coupled THz Waveguide Utilizing Surface Plasmon Polaritons on Thin Dielectric Slab Sandwiched between Two Corrugated Metallic Claddings

We present a comprehensive experimental study of terahertz （THz） wave propagation utilizing surface plasmon polaritons （SPPs） on the interfaces of a thin dielectric core layer sandwiched between two corrugated metallic claddings. THz wave impinges on the structured surfaces at normal incidence. Long-lasting oscillation propagation features are observed in the temporal waveform after traveling through the periodic arrays. The enhanced THz transmission can be achieved due to the coupling between incident waves to SPPs at the bottom and top interfaces. The finite element method is used to simulate the field distribution and the transmission mode in the waveguide. The hybrid waveguide with low absorption has great potential applications in THz integrated devices.     

THz波在金属镀层空芯波导中传输的理论和实验研究

本文基于微扰法求得不同金属镀层空心圆波导中各模式的损耗系数,对金属镀层空芯波导中THz波传输损耗随金属材料、波导结构等参数的变化关系进行了数值模拟.根据数值分析结果,优化设计并拉制了内径为1.1 mm的镀银空芯波导,实验测得当THz波的频率为2.5 THz时,传输损耗为8.6 dB/m,实现了THz波短距离的有效传输. 关键词： 太赫兹波 金属空芯波导 传输损耗     

红外低发射率隐身涂层对太赫兹波的反射光谱研究

为研究红外低发射率隐身涂层对太赫兹波的反射特性,制备了红外低发射率隐身涂料,测试了其可见光效果、红外热像图及红外发射率等特性参数。以土黄色红外低发射率涂料为测试样品,利用透射式太赫兹时域光谱系统获得了样品在太赫兹波段的复折射率。分析了特征矩阵理论,并利用特征矩阵理论计算了涂层厚度(0.3~0.5 mm）与入射角度(0°~60°)的变化对入射太赫兹波反射特性的影响。结果表明,在相应厚度及入射角度范围内,太赫兹波在0.8 THz频率下具有多个反射峰值,最高值可达90%以上,有利于实现太赫兹波对红外低发射率隐身涂层下金属目标的探测。此外,涂层厚度变化对入射太赫兹波反射率具有较大影响,涂层越厚,太赫兹波的反射振荡越多,反射峰值越大。入射角度对太赫兹波的反射特性具有一定的影响,但整体影响不大,有利于太赫兹波实现多角度目标的探测。最后,以表面均匀涂覆0.42 mm厚涂料的金属板为测试样品,实验测量了样品在0.1~1.5 THz频率范围内的反射特性,并与部分理论计算结果进行对比。结果表明：实验测量结果与理论计算结果在数值和趋势上较为吻合,但也存在一定的偏差。究其原因,主要由样品厚度和样品参数误差导致,但依然可利用特征矩阵理论研究红外低发射率涂层对太赫兹波的反射光谱特性。     

SPM of nonlinear surface plasmon waveguides

Pulse propagation equation of nonlinear dispersion surface plasmon waveguide is educed strictly from wave equation. The nonlinear coefficient is defined and then used to assess and compare the nonlinear characteristic of three popular 1-D surface plasmon waveguides: the single metal–dielectric interface, the metal slab bounded by dielectric and the dielectric slab bounded by metal. SPM (self-phase modulation) of the typical surface plasmon waveguide is predicted and discussed.     

A New Type of Terahertz Waveguides

A new type of THz waveguides, which employs a solid polyethylene rod as the core and polyethylene tubes in a periodic array of square lattice as the cladding, is proposed. Optical properties of this new THz waveguide, especially in dispersion, confinement loss and single mode property, are investigated in detail with the plane wave expansion method and the beam propagation method. Numerical results demonstrate that the new THz waveguide can reach not only low dispersion but also low confinement loss at single mode propagation. Therefore, the square lattice structure is a better candidate as THz waveguides than the triangular ones.     

太赫兹波探测光子晶体涂层覆盖目标的可行性

覆盖于高温目标表面的光子晶体红外涂层可实现对目标红外辐射的抑制,而太赫兹波所具有的强穿透特性使其对该类目标的探测成为可能。以相关文献中设计的光子晶体涂层为例,采用特征矩阵理论对0.3~3 THz频率范围内的太赫兹波在该类涂层中的传输特性进行理论计算和分析,重点研究了不同入射角度的太赫兹波在该类涂层中的传输特性。研究发现,上述太赫兹波段处于光子晶体的带隙之外,0.3~0.5 THz频率范围内的太赫兹波对该类红外涂层具有较强的穿透特性,其光谱透过率大于90%;而在2.4~3 THz范围内,其在涂层上具有较强的反射,且整个波段内的吸收率小于0.2%。当入射角小于60°时,其对太赫兹波的传输特性影响较小;进一步增大入射角,其透过率逐渐降低,而反射率逐渐增大。研究结果证明了利用太赫兹波进行涂层覆盖目标探测的可行性,有望利用太赫兹雷达探测弥补红外探测系统的不足。     

介质镀膜空芯光纤在THz频段的传输特性

 理论分析了介质镀膜空芯光纤在THz频段的传输特性，得出了该光纤的特征方程及模式分布。利用射线光学原理计算了介质膜材料为聚酰亚胺、介质膜厚度为0.05 mm的光纤的衰减常数随介质膜内直径的变化情况。得出其主模在THz频段的衰减常数小于1 dB/m，该值远小于相同内径的金属圆波导在这一频段的衰减常数。模拟计算了介质膜厚度为0.05 mm、内径为1 mm，金属膜内径为1.05 mm的介质镀膜空芯光纤在0~1 THz的S参数，模拟结果显示该光纤在THz频段有很宽的通带，且在通带内衰减常数小于0.5 dB/m，可用于THz频段电磁波远距离传输。     

Anomalous transmission of terahertz wave through one-dimensional lamellar metallic grating

The anomalous transmission through one-dimensional lamellar metallic gratings was investigated in terahertz (THz) regime. The extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) is identified to originate from two possible ways: coupling of incident light with waveguide resonances and coupling of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) at the upper and lower interfaces of metal grating. The dual effects of SPPs have been clarified in this study: (i) the excitation of SPP modes at each individual interface results in the weakness of the THz wave transmission; and (ii) the coupling of SPP modes at two interfaces of metal grating is attributed to enhancement of THz wave transmission. The enhanced transmission is dominated by the coupling of incident light with transverse waveguide resonances. Numerical simulation based on finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) agrees well with experimental results.     

太赫兹折叠波导慢波结构S参数特性

理论上分析了计算周期数对0.22 THz折叠波导慢波结构S参数的影响,讨论了折叠波导慢波结构各个尺寸参数对损耗特性的影响,研究了粗糙度与损耗特性之间的关系。通过实验验证了0.22 THz标准矩形直波导的损耗特性。对实际加工的0.22 THz折叠波导慢波结构进行了测试,得到了实际的太赫兹波折叠波导慢波结构传输与损耗特性。     

Effect of metal boundaries on surface-wave spectrum in plasma-vacuum structures

The effect of metal on the surface-wave spectrum in cylindrical metal-plasma-vacuum-metal and metal-vacuum-plasma-metal waveguide structures and waveguides with a single metal boundary is investigated. It is shown that such boundaries can greatly affect the spectral properties of the waveguide and change the nature of surface-wave dispersion. Analytic expressions are obtained for the frequency of symmetrical surface waves in various spectrum intervals. The strong dependence of phase velocity on the size of the internal metal cylinder that is found can be convenient for beam and wave synchronization in a plasma waveguide.     

Real propagation speed of the ultraslow plasmonic THz waveguide

A graded metallic grating structure can not only work as a wave trapping system, but also work as an ultraslow terahertz (THz) waveguide. The depth of the grating waveguide is partial graded and partial fixed. The real propagation speed of such a system is calculated. Different frequencies of THz waves can be propagated at a designed propagation speed, even close to zero.     

Optimization design of optical waveguide control by nanoslit-enhanced THz field

We discuss design issues of devices which were proposed recently [Opt. Lett. 37 (2012) 3903] for terahertz (THz) control of the propagation of an optical waveguide mode. The mode propagates through a nonlinear dielectric material placed in a metallic nanoslit illuminated by THz radiation. The THz field in the slit is strongly localized and thus significantly enhanced, facilitating nonlinear interactions with the dielectric waveguide material. This enhancement can lead to notable changes in the refractive index of the waveguide. The closer the waveguide is to the slit walls, the higher the nonlinear effects are, but with the cost of increasing propagation losses due to parasitic coupling to surface plasmon polaritons at the metal interfaces. We analyze several optical waveguide configurations and define a figure of merit that allows us to design the optimal configuration. We find that designs with less overlap of the THz and optical fields but also with lower losses are better than designs where both these parameters are higher. The estimated terahertz field incident onto the metallic nanoslit required to manipulate the waveguide mode has reasonable values which can be achieved in practice.     

金属包层对称平面单轴晶体波导的模式场(Ⅱ)

对于晶体光轴平行于波导界面的结构,讨论了光在金属包层对称平面单轴晶体波导(波导层是单轴晶体,两个波导界面均为金属)内的传输特性.解析地得到了这种结构下波导模式场的精确解.模式场的性质因单轴晶体的性质不同而异.对于正单轴晶体,波导的主模是横电波,任何频率的光波均可激励该模式;当频率满足一定条件时,波导内传输单模,否则,将激励起高阶模式.高阶模既非TE波,也非TM波,而是两者耦合而成的混合模.对于负单轴晶体,波导的主模是一种混合模,该模式同样可被任何频率的光波所激励;当频率满足一定条件时,波导内传输单模,否则 关键词： 平面金属波导 单轴晶体 模式场 混合模     

基于格林函数法研究金属线栅在太赫兹波段的散射特性

本文运用格林函数法分析金属线栅在太赫兹(THz)波段的散射特性, 研究金属线栅的衍射效应对其传输特性的影响. 研究结果表明, 在零级衍射区入射电磁波的透过振幅随a/λ的增大单调增加, 在零级衍射极限处透过振幅达到最大值. 过渡区的临界频率处, 由于衍射效应的加强, 出现入射电磁波透过曲线的振荡. 衍射区受到衍射效应的影响入射电磁波透射振幅曲线总体下降, 并随a/λ的增大单调减少. 与微波传输线方法相比, 该方法摆脱了入射电磁波的波长需大于线栅常数且要求线栅的厚度远远小于金属线的宽度的限制, 能准确的分析系统的电磁场的分布特性, 更具普适性. 关键词： 金属线栅 太赫兹波 散射 格林函数法     

电磁波在螺旋线上的传播

§1.引言 螺旋线最早是应用在高频电子管中,近年来在长距离波导通信中,又应用了螺旋波导管来抑制杂波,因此研究的兴趣并没有降低。在[2—4]中,他们应用了各种不同的方法,来研究它的传输特性。本文的目的是从螺旋坐标出发,进一步探讨它的性质;在§4,§5中,推导了一些特征方程,可以作为计算传输常数的参考。本文提供了一些方法,对于结果只作了一些定性的说明,如果有必要的话,定量的计算留在以后再作。希望本文对于了解螺旋线上的电磁波传播性质,从比较精细的一面,有所帮助。