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基于1.5GHz多次谐波超短脉冲门控InGaAs/InP雪崩光电二极管的近红外单光子探测技术研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
提出了一种高速门控盖格模式的铟镓砷/铟磷雪崩光电二极管(InGaAs/InP APD)单光子探测技术。将1.5GHz多次谐波超短脉冲加载到InGaAs/InP APD上,盖革模式下的光生雪崩信号埋藏在短脉冲充放电形成的噪声中,采用700MHz低通滤波器实现了50.6dB的噪声抑制比,有效地提取出了雪崩信号。通过半导体制冷,使InGaAs/InP APD工作在-30℃,1.5GHz短脉冲驱动下的InGaAs/InP APD在1550nm的探测效率为35%,暗计数率为每门6.4×10-5,超过了单纯使用1.5GHz正弦门的探测性能,而且在15%的探测效率下,2.7ns后发生后脉冲的概率仅为每门6.0×10-5。 相似文献
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雪崩光电二极管单光子探测器是一种具有超高灵敏度的光电探测器件,在远距离激光测距、激光成像和量子通信等领域有非常重要的应用.然而,由于雪崩光电二极管单光子探测器的雪崩点对工作温度高度敏感,因此在外场环境下工作时容易出现增益波动,继而导致单光子探测器输出信号的延时发生漂移,严重降低了探测器的时间稳定性.本文发展了一种稳定输出延时的方法,采用嵌入式系统控制雪崩光电二极管,使其处于恒定温度,并实时补偿由环境温度引起的延时漂移,实现了雪崩光电二极管单光子探测器的高时间稳定性探测.实验中,环境温度从16 ℃变化到36 ℃,雪崩光电二极管的工作温度稳定在15 ℃,经过延时补偿,雪崩光电二极管单光子探测器输出延时漂移小于±1 ps,时间稳定度达到0.15 ps@100 s.这项工作有望为全天候野外条件和空间极端条件下的高精度单光子探测应用提供有效的解决方法. 相似文献
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对InGaAs/InP单光子雪崩光电二极管进行结构设计与数值仿真,得到相应的电学与光学参数。针对雪崩击穿概率对器件光子探测效率的影响,研究了两次Zn扩散深度差、Zn扩散横向扩散因子、Zn掺杂浓度以及温度参数与器件雪崩击穿概率的关系。研究发现,当深扩散深度为2.3μm固定值时,浅扩散深度存在对应最佳目标值。浅扩散深度越深,相同过偏压条件下倍增区中心雪崩击穿概率越大,电场强度也会随之增加。当两次Zn扩散深度差小于0.6μm时,会发生倍增区外的非理想击穿,导致器件的暗计数增大。Zn扩散横向扩散因子越大,倍增区中心部分雪崩击穿概率越大,而倍增区边缘雪崩击穿概率会越小。在扩散深度不变的情况下,浅扩散Zn掺杂浓度对雪崩击穿概率无明显影响,但深扩散Zn掺杂浓度越高,相同过偏压条件下雪崩击穿概率越小。本文研究可为设计和研制高探测效率、低暗计数InGaAs/InP单光子雪崩光电二极管提供参考。 相似文献
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结合利用雪崩光电二极管(APD)进行红外单光子探测电路模型的工作原理和特点以及传输线瞬态电脉冲产生的过程,提出了将传输线瞬态过程脉冲发生电路模型用于APD雪崩抑制的一种新方法,该方法可以实现利用APD门模工作方式进行红外单光子探测的过程.主要从理论上计算了红外单光子信号入射APD时,传输线脉冲发生电路模型中负载电阻输出电脉冲的特点,讨论了传输线终端不同边界条件对输出电脉冲的影响,通过理论计算确定了这种利用APD进行红外单光子探测新模型的电路结构与参数,证明了该电路模型用于红外单光子探测APD门模工作方式的
关键词:
红外单光子探测技术
雪崩光电二极管(APD)
抑制电路
传输线瞬态过程 相似文献
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Internal cancellation of spikes using two avalanche photodiodes in series for single photon detection 下载免费PDF全文
<正>We propose a method of improving the performance of InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiodes by using two avalanche photodiodes in series as single photon detectors for 1550-nm wavelength.In this method,the raw single photon avalanche signals are not attenuated,thus a high signal-to-noise ratio can be obtained compared with the existing results.The performance of the scheme is investigated and the ratio of the dark count rate to the detection efficiency is obtained to be 1.3×10~(-4) at 213 K. 相似文献
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A photon detector that combines two avalanche photodiodes (APDs) has been demonstrated for quantum-bit discrimination at 1550 nm. Spikes accompanied by signals in a gated mode were canceled by balanced output from the two APDs. The spike cancellation enabled one to reduce the threshold in the discriminators and thus the gate pulse voltage. The dark count probability and afterpulse probability were reduced to 7x10(-7) and 7x10(-4) , respectively, without affecting the detection efficiency (11%) at 178 K. 相似文献
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当光微弱到以单个光子发射时,成像系统只有利用光子计数模式才能探测到单光子信息。采用基于碰撞电离效应的全固态雪崩光电二极管作为探测元件,构成微光环境下的光子计数成像实验系统。该系统的硬件主要由雪崩光电二极管构成的单光子计数器、计算机、微光照度计、2维电控导轨、控制器、暗箱等组成。控制器的软件在Altera公司Quartus环境下设计,主要完成导轨运动的控制;上位机软件采用VC++编程实现系统的数据采集处理、系统功能控制和光子计数图像显示等。该系统为全固态结构,工作电压小于35 V,暗计数率小于4 Hz。所建光子计数成像系统在10-5 lx微光环境下实现了目标的探测成像。 相似文献
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Quantum information systems are commonly operated in conventional communication bands (1310 and 1550 nm) over an optical fiber
to take advantage of low transmission loss. However, the detection and spectral measurement of single photons in these communication
bands are limited due to high noise and low sensitivity of single photon detectors in the wavelength ranges. To demonstrate
high efficiency detection and high sensitivity spectral measurement, we have implemented a single photon detector and a spectrometer
based on frequency up-conversion technology. This detector and spectrometer uses a 5-cm periodically poled lithium niobate
(PPLN) waveguide and a tunable pump laser around 1550 nm, to convert signal photons around 1310 to 710 nm. The converted photons
are then detected by a silicon-based avalanche photodiode (APD). The overall detection efficiency of the single photon detector
is as high as 32%, which is three times higher than commercial InGaAs APDs. The sensitivity of the spectrometer is measured
to be −126 dBm, which is at least three orders-of-magnitude better than any commercial optical spectrum analyzer in this wavelength
range. 相似文献
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A rigorous theoretical model for In 0.53 Ga 0.47 As/InP single photon avalanche diode is utilized to investigate the dependences of single photon quantum efficiency and dark count probability on structure and operation condition.In the model,low field impact ionizations in charge and absorption layers are allowed,while avalanche breakdown can occur only in the multiplication layer.The origin of dark counts is discussed and the results indicate that the dominant mechanism that gives rise to dark counts depends on both device structure and operating condition.When the multiplication layer is thicker than a critical thickness or the temperature is higher than a critical value,generation-recombination in the absorption layer is the dominative mechanism;otherwise band-to-band tunneling in the multiplication layer dominates the dark counts.The thicknesses of charge and multiplication layers greatly affect the dark count and the peak single photon quantum efficiency and increasing the multiplication layer width may reduce the dark count probability and increase the peak single photon quantum efficiency.However,when the multiplication layer width exceeds 1 μm,the peak single photon quantum efficiency increases slowly and it is finally saturated at the quantum efficiency of the single photon avalanche diodes. 相似文献