基于角色散的非共线匹配宽带三倍频技术

宽带光打靶可以有效降低激光等离子体相互作用过程中非线性效应。提出一种基于角色散的非共线匹配宽带三倍频方案,利用宽带基频与窄带二倍频的非共线和频产生宽带三倍频,和频过程中通过特殊设计的渐变光栅实现不同频率的基频光束以特定角度入射,补偿了波长差异引入的位相失配使得全波段满足位相匹配条件。理论模拟表明,采用KDP晶体Ⅱ类位相匹配,将中心波长为1058 nm、带宽10 nm的宽带基频光与526.5 nm的二倍频光进行非共线匹配和频,可以实现高效宽带三倍频转换。     

准晶非线性光子晶体中二次谐波波长和温度调谐的研究

在八重准周期极化的铌酸锂非线性光子晶体中,通过调节基频光波长实现了多个波长的同时共线准相位匹配倍频,最高转换效率达36%.同时,测量了准晶非线性光子晶体中二次谐波转换效率随晶体温度以及入射波长的变化,结果表明二次谐波在长波处具有更宽的温度以及波长调谐带宽.该项研究对于准周期非线性光子晶体在实际工作中的运用具有重要的指导意义. 关键词： 准周期 非线性光子晶体 温度调谐 波长调谐     

KBe_2 BO_3 F_2晶体的非共线倍频特性数值分析

根据KBBF(KBe_2O_3F_2)晶体的色散方程、非共线相位匹配时各个光束应该满足的能量和动量守恒条件,用牛顿-拉夫逊迭代法求解非线性方程组,以YAG激光器1064 nm波长入射为例,数值计算了KBBF晶体的Ⅰ类非共线倍频相位匹配角、有效非线性系数和允许角。结果以关系曲线形式给出。第一束基频波角度在20°～85°的范围内,都可以实现非共线相位匹配,相应的第二基频波和倍频波的匹配角度在29.1°～52.7°,24.6°～68.8°范围内;随着第一束基频波角度的增大,第二基频波和倍频波的相位匹配角以及倍频光相位匹配允许角也相应增大,而有效非线性系数随之减小;当第一束基频波的角度在26.1°～26.8°的范围内时它们的取值都出现了振荡现象。     

二维LiNbO3非线性光子晶体

制备了周期为13.64 μm方形格子二维周期性极化的LiNbO₃，利用二阶准相位匹 配实现了波长为1.064μm二倍频，二次谐波的内部转换效率高达42％. 测量了二次谐波输出功率随晶体温度及入射光入射方向的变化，实验值与模拟计算一致. 制备二阶准相位匹配掩模板，解决了在制备一阶准相位匹配掩模板中遇到周期尺寸太小、数据量大的难题，同时还降低了因周期太小造成的极化难度. 关键词： 二维 准相位匹配 二次谐波     

利用各向同性半导体晶体差频产生可调谐THz辐射的理论研究

理论研究了利用剩余射线带色散补偿相位匹配原理，在Ⅲ-Ⅴ族和Ⅱ-Ⅳ族光学各向同性的半导体非线性晶体中差频产生可调谐THz波的可行性问题.根据这些半导体材料的色散特性，并以近简并点双共振KTP-OPO的可调谐相干双波长输出作为差频抽运源，对它们的相位匹配能力、差频增益特性、品质因数以及差频过程中的相干长度进行了理论分析和计算，确定了ZnTe晶体是在共线相位匹配情况下较为理想的THz波差频晶体，而InP晶体则更适合用于非共线相位匹配情况. 关键词： 非线性光学 THz辐射 差频 各向同性半导体晶体     

BBO晶体中级联非线性效应的实验研究

采用800 nm和400 nm两束飞秒激光脉冲在BBO晶体中同时满足相位匹配条件,产生差频、和频及其级联效应.实验运用了中心波长800 nm、重复频率10 Hz、脉宽60 fs及光斑直径7 mm的钛蓝宝石再生放大飞秒激光,输出约为10 mJ的能量以7:3分束.其中7 mJ光脉冲用一块非线性晶体BBO倍频至400 nm获得1.45 mJ能量,然后与另一束800 nm的3 mJ基频激光以非共线方式注入到另一块BBO中,在兼顾和频与差频的相位匹配条件下,即晶体对于和频与差频相位匹配状态同时存在少量失谐时,会同时产生267 nm与800 nm的和频与差频效应,新产生光波与原入射激光脉冲又经过进一步非线性混频作用,最终得到多达10余束可见、紫外的一维列阵.分析了此级联非线性效应的产生机理并讨论了入射光强度,啁啾,延迟等因素对级联效果的影响.     

非共线准相位匹配周期极化RbTiOAsO4的增益带宽

研究了非共线准相位匹配过程中,周期极化RbTiOAsO_4晶体同时满足准相位匹配和群速匹配条件的非共线角和相应的极化周期随信号光波长的变化。分析了满足群速匹配条件时,非共线准相位匹配的调谐特性。数值模拟了增益带宽随非共线角、晶体温度和极化周期的变化关系。对比了群速匹配和最大增益带宽情况下,周期极化RbTiOAsO_4晶体增益带宽与晶体温度之间的关系。     

高效率PPSLT准相位匹配和频钠导星激光器

报道了一台平均功率3.09W、和频效率大于35%的周期极化化学计量比钽酸锂(PPSLT)晶体准相位匹配和频钠导星激光器。用声光调Q的二极管抽运Nd:YAG固体激光器产生高光束质量的基频光1064nm与1319nm,在腔内插入高精度控温的标准具获得窄线宽输出,并在腔外通过准相位匹配的PPSLT晶体和频产生钠导星激光。当注入PPSLT晶体的1064nm和1319nm总平均功率约8.80W时,在匹配温度68℃时实现了最高和频转换,输出钠导星激光3.09W,重复频率800Hz,脉宽约60ns,线宽约1.6GHz。并通过调节控制标准具的倾斜角度和温度,将中心波长对准至钠D2a线589.1591nm,偏差小于±0.2pm。     

双轴晶体和频效应的相位匹配拓朴分析

根据非中心对称双轴晶体中两束基频光与它们产生的二次谐波的折射率曲面的关系及相位匹配条件,分析了和频效应相位匹配曲面的特点,对正常双轴晶体得出了可实现的29种相位匹配曲面拓扑图和存在条件,15种非临界相位匹配类型、存在条件和偏振关系.并用这种理论分析了LAP晶体、KB_5晶体的和频性能.     

基于单块周期极化铌酸锂晶体级联三倍频的440 nm蓝光固体激光器

阐述了一种基于单块周期极化铌酸锂晶体级联三倍频实现440 nm蓝光输出的实验方案。根据周期极化铌酸锂晶体的Sellmeier方程以及倍频与和频的相位匹配条件,在一块周期极化铌酸锂晶体上设计了两段不同的极化周期,使其在同一工作温度下能分别实现倍频与和频,在先后经过倍频与和频后,实现级联三倍频输出。实验采用Nd: YAG产生的1319 nm光作为基频光,重频400 Hz,脉宽110 ns,横向和纵向光束质量因子分别为1.81和2.65。耦合进周期极化铌酸锂晶体后,出射光中检测到660 nm的红光和440 nm的蓝光。通过调整工作温度和入射基频光功率,得到2.4 mW的最大蓝光输出,此时工作温度55.5 ℃,基频光功率530 mW。实验结果验证了单块晶体实现级联三倍频440 nm蓝光输出的可行性。     

High-order harmonic generation in nitrogen molecules with subpicosecond visible dye-laser pulses

An experimental study of high-order harmonic generation in nitrogen molecules (N₂) has been made using intense visible (616 nm) dye-laser pulses, where the harmonic radiation up to the 21st order is observed. The harmonic distribution represents a plateau that is preceded by an intensity minimum at the 7th order. The harmonic generation characteristics were atomic-like. It has been found that there are some similarities in the high-order harmonic generation characteristics for N₂ and Ar, including the highest-order harmonics, harmonic distributions, and the influence of the multiphoton ionization on the high-order harmonic generation. These similarities are reasonably attributed to the energetic correspondence of excited levels and ionization potentials. It is pointed out that the ac Stark shift of excited levels and ionization potentials plays an important role also in the high-order harmonic generation in N₂.     

Generation of high-order harmonic continuum with two-hump-structure infrared laser pulse

We experimentally investigate the high-order harmonic generation in argon gas cell driven by a multi-cycle broadband infrared laser pulse from a tunable optical-parametric-amplifier （OPA） source. The generation of high-order harmonic continuum with the cut-off photon energy up to 110 eV is observed by tuning the chirp of the 800-nm laser pulse which pumps OPA source. The generation of harmonic continuum is understood in terms of the two-hump structure of the OPA output spectrum and the optimal relative phase of the two humps. The demonstrated scheme is of importance for the generation of extreme ultraviolet （XUV） continuum at higher photon energy region.     

Influence of laser contrast on high-order harmonic generation from solid-density plasma surfaces

The influence of laser temporal contrast on high-order harmonic generation from intense laser interactions with solid-density plasma surfaces is experimentally studied. A switchable plasma mirror system is set up to improve the contrast by two orders of magnitude at 10 ps prior to the main peak. By using the plasma mirror and tuning the prepulse, the dependence of high-order harmonic generation on laser contrast is investigated. Harmonics up to the 21 st order via the mechanism of coherent wake emission are observed only when the targets are irradiated by high contrast laser pulses by applying the plasma mirror.     

Atomic high-order harmonic generation from a circularly polarized laser pulse

We demonstrate theoretically that the high-order harmonic of an atom can be generated by a circularly polarized laser pulse.The harmonic spectrum shows a clear cutoff with an energy Ip + 2Up.In particular,the high-order harmonic generation comes from the multiple recombination of the ionized electron with non-zero initial velocity.These results are verified by the classical model theory and the time-frequency analysis of a harmonic spectrum.     

利用两束同色激光场和半周期脉冲驱动原子产生单个阿秒脉冲

利用分裂算符方法数值求解一维氦原子的含时薛定谔方程,研究了氦原子在两束同色激光场与半周期脉冲(Hcps)形成的组合场驱动下所发射高次谐波的特点.研究结果表明,氦原子在这种组合场驱动下,高次谐波谱的平台区域能得到很大的扩展,其截止位置可延伸到I_P+9.6U_P,通过构造截止位置附近的高次谐波谱能够得到脉宽为63 as的单个阿秒脉冲.经过分析后发现,半周期脉冲的加入不仅使高次谐波谱平台能够得到扩展,同时还抑制了电子长路径对高次谐波的贡献. 关键词： 两束同色激光场 半周期脉冲 高次谐波 阿秒脉冲     

Modulation of multiphoton resonant high-order harmonic spectra driven by two frequency-comb fields

The frequency-comb structure in the extreme ultraviolet(XUV) and vacuum ultraviolet(VUV) regions can be realized by the high-order harmonic generation(HHG) process driven by frequency-comb fields, providing an alternative approach for the measurement of an unknown frequency in XUV or VUV. We consider the case of two driving frequency-comb fields with the same repetition frequency and the carrier frequencies of fundamental-and third-harmonics, respectively.The many-mode Floquet theorem(MMFT) is employed to provide a nonperturbative and exact treatment of the interaction between a quantum system and the frequency-comb laser fields. Multiphoton transition paths involving both fundamentaland third-harmonic photons are opened due to the coupling of the third-harmonic frequency-comb field. The multiphoton transition paths are superpositioned when the carrier-envelope-phase shifts(CEPs) fulfill the matching condition. And the interference of the multiphoton transition paths can be controlled by tuning the relative envelope delay between the fields.We find that the quasienergy structure, as well as the multiphoton resonant high-order harmonic generation(HHG) spectra,driven by the two frequency-comb fields can be coherently controlled via the interference of multiphoton transition paths.It is also found that the spectral intensities of the generated harmonics can be modulated, and the modulation behavior is harmonic-sensitive.     

Enhancement of high-order harmonic generation at tuned wavelengths through adaptive control

An adaptive learning loop enhances the efficiency and tuning of high-order harmonic generation. In comparison with simple chirp tuning, we observe a broader tuning range and a twofold to threefold enhancement in integrated photon flux in the cutoff region. The driving pulse temporal phase varies significantly for different tunings and is more complicated than a simple chirp. We compare our experimental results with a one-dimensional, time-dependent model that incorporates the intrinsic atomic response, the experimental pulse temporal phase, ionization effects, and transverse coherence of the spatial mode of the laser. The model agrees with our experimental results and indicates that a specific quantum path coupled with ionization effects determines the optimized harmonic spectrum.     

Scanning mirror on a vibrating membrane for dynamic optical trapping

A study of the variation of the spectral shape and the harmonic distribution of the high-order harmonics generated from silver plasma on the frequency chirp of the driving laser radiation (793 nm 48 fs) is reported. The results of the systematic study of the harmonic generation from the 21st order up to the 61st order (λ=13 nm) are presented. A tuning of the harmonic wavelength up to 0.8 nm can be accomplished by variation of the laser chirp. PACS 42.65.Ky; 42.79.Nv; 52.38.Mf     

基于光纤参量环形镜的光毫米波副载波产生

提出并验证了一种基于光纤参量环形镜(OPLM)和光纤光栅(FBG)的60GHz光毫米波副载波产生方案。理论上分析了OPLM的原理特性,发现可以利用OPLM同时完成光子微波信号的高次谐波产生和抽运滤波,直接获得光毫米波副载波信号。在实验验证中,从5GHz的基频信号出发,通过调制非线性和OPLM中的四波混频和滤波过程,完成高次谐波产生和抽运分离,成功得到60GHz的光毫米波副载波信号,表现出良好的性能。     

Low- and high-order nonlinear optical characterization of C60-containing media

Third- and higher-order nonlinear optical processes in fullerenes were studies to define the influence of low-order nonlinearities on the high-order harmonic generation in these media. We measured the nonlinear absorption coefficients of the C₆₀:toluene solution using the 532 and 1064 nm, 50 ps pulses. The high-order harmonic generation was studied during propagation of the 790 nm, 150 fs pulses through the plasmas produced on surfaces containing fullerene powder. These studies have shown that the low-order nonlinearities of fullerenes have no impact on the generation of harmonics in such mediums in the vacuum ultraviolet range at optimal intensity of laser radiation.