锯齿型硅纳米管不同手性下的电学与光学性质

本文用第一性原理中的局域密度近似方法,计算了锯齿型单壁硅纳米管(single-walled silicon nanotubes,SWSiNTs)的能带结构、态密度、吸收谱及反射谱.计算结果表明当n=6～9时,带隙为0,该组SWSiNTs具有金属性;当n=10～21时,能带图出现带隙,该组SWSiNTs具有半导体性;当n=13～21时,该组SWSiNTs的带隙以3组手性指数为周期减小;并在吸收谱和反射谱都会在一些相似频率值附近产生峰值.     

扶手椅型硅纳米管电子结构的研究

在本文中,我们使用密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法来研究手性指数m=n=K(K为3～15的整数)的扶手型硅纳米管的能带结构和态密度.计算结果表明,扶手型(3,3)硅纳米管为间接带隙结构,其余均为直接带隙结构;随着手性指数增加,硅纳米管的直径增大,硅纳米管的禁带宽度逐渐减小,导带逐渐向下移动,并且总态密度图峰值强度增加;扶手型(3,3)硅纳米管的禁带宽度最大化;扶手型(13,13)硅纳米管的禁带宽度最小,说明其导电性优于其他手性指数的扶手椅型硅纳米管;同时,扶手型(4,4)硅纳米管的导带和价带重叠,表明扶手型(4,4)硅纳米管是金属纳米管;态密度图显示扶手型(9,9)硅纳米管的价带顶部主要由Si-3p电子态组成,导带的底部由Si-3s态电子和Si-3p态电子组成.     

扶手椅型硅纳米管电子结构的研究

在本文中，我们使用密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法来研究手性指数m=n=K(K为3～15的整数)的扶手型硅纳米管的能带结构和态密度.计算结果表明，扶手型(3,3)硅纳米管为间接带隙结构，其余均为直接带隙结构;随着手性指数增加，硅纳米管的直径增大，硅纳米管的禁带宽度逐渐减小，导带逐渐向下移动，并且总态密度图峰值强度增加;扶手型(3,3)硅纳米管的禁带宽度最大化;扶手型(13,13)硅纳米管的禁带宽度最小，说明其导电性优于其他手性指数的扶手椅型硅纳米管;同时，扶手型(4,4)硅纳米管的导带和价带重叠，表明扶手型(4,4)硅纳米管是金属纳米管;态密度图显示扶手型(9,9)硅纳米管的价带顶部主要由Si-3p电子态组成，导带的底部由Si-3s态电子和Si-3p态电子组成.     

锯齿型与扶手椅型碳化硅纳米管光电性质第一性原理研究

本文基于密度泛函理论计算分析了手性参数为(17,0)、(20,0)、(26,0) (10,10)、(12,12)、(15,15)的碳化硅纳米管的能带图,态密度及主要光学性质。结果表明：锯齿型与扶手椅型碳化硅纳米管均具有明显的半导体性质;在相近直径下,扶手椅型碳化硅纳米管带隙宽度要大于锯齿型碳化硅纳米管的带隙宽度;碳化硅纳米管的光吸收峰在100nm~200nm之间,可用于制作紫外线探测器件。     

扶手椅型硅纳米管的电学性质研究

本文采用密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法，对手性指数m=n=K（K为3～15的整数）的扶手型硅纳米管的能带结构和态密度进行了研究。计算结果表明，扶手型（3，3）硅纳米管为间接带隙结构，其余均为直接带隙结构；随着手性指数的增加，硅纳米管的直径增大，硅纳米管的禁带宽度逐渐减小，且导带逐渐下移，总态密度图峰值强度增大；扶手型（3，3）硅纳米管的禁带宽度最大；扶手型（13，13）硅纳米管的禁带宽度最小，说明其导电性优于其他手性指数的扶手椅型硅纳米管；同时，扶手型（4，4）硅纳米管的导带和价带出现重叠，说明扶手型（4，4）硅纳米管为金属性纳米管；态密度图表明扶手型（9，9）硅纳米管的价带顶主要由Si-3p电子态构成，导带底由Si-3p态电子和Si-3s态电子共同构成。     

P掺杂单壁硅纳米管Mg原子吸附性能的第一性原理研究

采用密度泛函理论的广义梯度近似和平面波赝势方法,研究P掺杂单壁硅纳米管对Mg原子的吸附性能.计算本征、掺杂P、施加形变作用（压缩和拉伸）的（6,6）硅纳米管外壁对Mg原子的吸附能,分析掺杂P前后的成键情况及电荷布局数.结果表明,掺杂P使体系形成Mg-P和Si-P间的离子性键,增强了Si-Si间的离子性键,P掺杂硅纳米管超晶格中离子键与共价键共存;掺杂P后显著提高了硅纳米管外壁对Mg原子的吸附能力;硅纳米管外壁对Mg原子的吸附能在0.25%,0.50%,1.00%,1.25%的压缩量和1.00%,1.25%的拉伸量时增大,可显著增强硅纳米管材料作为增强相时与基体界面间结合的粘附性.     

锯齿型碳纳米管的结构衍生及电子特性

利用密度泛函理论研究锯齿型单、双壁碳纳米管从核到管状团簇直至纳米管的逐层结构衍生.研究结果表明五边形结构在管状团簇生长中发挥关键作用.此外,基于管状团簇的研究,运用周期性边界条件得到锯齿型单、双壁碳纳米管,并通过计算能带和态密度研究其电子特性.对单壁(n,0)和双壁(n,0)@(2n,0)碳纳米管,当n=3q(q为整数)时,具有金属或窄带隙半导体特性;n?=3q时,具有较宽带隙半导体特性,且带隙随管径的增加而减小.然而,小管径碳纳米管受曲率效应的明显影响,n?=3q的(4,0),(4,0)@(8,0)和(5,0)@(10,0)均呈现金属性;n=3q的(6,0)@(12,0)则表现出明显的半导体特性.     

Mg, Sr掺杂CaF2电子结构及光学性质的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论(DFT)的第一性原理方法对纯CaF2晶体和Mg、Sr掺杂CaF2体系的晶体结构、电学以及光学性质进行了详细的对比研究, 结果表明: 与纯CaF2晶体相比, 掺杂体系的带隙变窄且形成新的态密度峰, 费米面附近出现F与Mg、Sr原子间轨道杂化加强现象. 另外, 掺杂体系仅表现出介电性质, 其对紫外光的吸收强度大大减弱, 而Ca7SrF16掺杂体系在25.44 eV处产生新的小吸收峰. CaF2晶体掺入Mg、Sr原子后, 体系在紫外光区的消光系数减小且对紫外光的透过率增大. 此外, 掺杂体系的反射谱峰和损失函数峰均发生红移且峰值显著降低.     

Mg, Sr掺杂CaF2电子结构及光学性质的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论(DFT)的第一性原理方法对纯CaF2晶体和Mg、Sr掺杂CaF2体系的晶体结构、电学以及光学性质进行了详细的对比研究, 结果表明: 与纯CaF2晶体相比, 掺杂体系的带隙变窄且形成新的态密度峰, 费米面附近出现F与Mg、Sr原子间轨道杂化加强现象. 另外, 掺杂体系仅表现出介电性质, 其对紫外光的吸收强度大大减弱, 而Ca7SrF16掺杂体系在25.44 eV处产生新的小吸收峰. CaF2晶体掺入Mg、Sr原子后, 体系在紫外光区的消光系数减小且对紫外光的透过率增大. 此外, 掺杂体系的反射谱峰和损失函数峰均发生红移且峰值显著降低.     

C/SiC纳米管异质结电子结构的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算,对扶手椅型(4,4)和(6,6)及锯齿型(8,0)和(10,0)C/SiC纳米管异质结的电子结构进行了研究.结果表明两类异质结结构都表现为半导体特性.扶手椅型纳米管异质结形成了Ⅰ型异质结,电子和空穴都限制在碳纳米管部分.锯齿型纳米管异质结中价带顶主要分布在碳纳米管部分及C/SiC界面处,而导带底均匀分布在整个纳米管异质结上.这两种异质结结构在未来纳米器件中具有潜在的应用价值. 关键词： C/SiC纳米管异质结 第一性原理 电子结构     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.