考虑最邻近前车综合信息的反馈控制跟驰模型

拥堵控制中, 通过车辆运行状态感知与控制的交互融合, 实现对车辆有效控制的过程, 具有信息物理融合系统的典型特征. 本文基于Konishi等的研究工作, 从交通信息系统与交通物理系统融合的角度, 进一步考虑优化速度差和安全间距对车流的影响, 在耦合映射跟驰模型中, 提出了一种考虑最邻近前车综合信息的交通拥堵反馈控制方案. 运用反馈控制理论, 给出了头车速度发生变化时交通流保持稳定的条件, 并与前人工作进行了比较. 理论分析与数值模拟结果一致表明, 耦合映射跟驰模型在本文提出的控制方案下能更有效地抑制交通拥堵. 关键词： 交通流 交通拥堵控制 耦合映射跟驰模型 信息物理融合系统     

反馈控制双车道跟驰模型研究

通过引入合理的换道规则，将单车道反馈控制模型扩展成双车道交通流模型.数值仿真表明，与经典的优化速度双车道模型相比，由于引入适当的反馈控制信息，车辆速度波动变小或消失，系统不会出现严重的堵塞现象.这说明该双车道反馈控制模型能有效地抑制或缓解交通流堵塞. 关键词： 跟驰模型 双车道模型 反馈控制 堵塞抑制     

A New Lattice Model of Two-Lane Traffic Flow with the Consideration of the Honk Effect

In this paper, a new lattice model of two-lane traffic flow with the honk effect term is proposed to study the influence of the honk effect on wide moving jams under lane changing. The linear stability condition on two-lane highway is obtained by applying the linear stability theory. The modified Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation near the critical point is derived and the coexisting curves resulted from the modified KdV equation can be described, which shows that the critical point, the coexisting curve and the neutral stability line decrease with increasing the honk effect coefficient. A wide moving jam can be conceivably described approximately in the unstable region. Numerical simulation is performed to verify the analytic results. The results show that the honk effect could suppress effectively the congested traffic patterns about wide moving jam propagation in lattice model of two-lane traffic flow.     

考虑双速度差效应的耦合映射跟驰模型

基于Konishi等的研究工作,提出了涉及前方两辆车车头间距的优化速度函数的耦合映射跟驰模型. 采用反馈控制方法,研究了耦合映射跟驰模型中的交通拥堵控制. 利用反馈控制理论,给出了头车速度发生变化时交通流保持稳定的条件,并与Konishi等得到的结果进行了比较. 数值模拟结果表明,所提出的模型在经典的反馈控制方法下描述的交通拥堵现象得到了有效抑制. 关键词： 交通流 耦合映射跟驰模型 优化速度函数 反馈控制     

Modified coupled map car-following model and its delayed feedback control scheme

A modified coupled map car-following model is proposed, in which two successive vehicle headways in front of the considering vehicle is incorporated into the optimal velocity function. The steady state under certain conditions is obtained. An error system around the steady state is studied further. Moreover, the condition for the state having no traffic jam is derived. A new control scheme is presented to suppress the traffic jam in the modified coupled map car-following model under the open boundary. A control signal including the velocity differences between the following and the considering vehicles, and between the preceding and the considering vehicles is used. The condition under which the traffic jam can be well suppressed is analysed. The results are compared with that presented by Konishi et al. (the KKH model). The simulation results show that the temporal behaviour obtained in our model is better than that in the KKH model. The simulation results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis.     

A refined cellular automaton model to rectify impractical vehicular movement behavior

When implementing cellular automata (CA) into a traffic simulation, one common defect yet to be rectified is the abrupt deceleration when vehicles encounter stationary obstacles or traffic jams. To be more in line with real world vehicular movement, this paper proposes a piecewise-linear movement to replace the conventional particle-hopping movement adopted in most previous CA models. Upon this adjustment and coupled with refined cell system, a new CA model is developed using the rationale of Forbes’ et al. car-following concept. The proposed CA model is validated on a two-lane freeway mainline context. It shows that this model can fix the unrealistic deceleration behaviors, and thus can reflect genuine driver behavior in the real world. The model is also capable of revealing Kerner’s three-phase traffic patterns and phase transitions among them. Furthermore, the proposed CA model is applied to simulate a highway work zone wherein traffic efficiency (maximum flow rates) and safety (speed deviations) impacted by various control schemes are tested.     

A control method for congested traffic in the coupled map car-following model

Based on the pioneer work of Konishi et al, a new control method is presented to suppress the traffic congestion in the coupled map (CM) car-following model under an open boundary. A control signal concluding the velocity differences of the two vehicles in front is put forward. The condition under which the traffic jam can be contained is analyzed. The results are compared with that presented by Konishi et al [Phys. Rev. 1999 E 60 4000--4007]. The simulation results show that the temporal behavior obtained by our method is better than that by the Konishi's et al. method, although both the methods could suppress the traffic jam. The simulation results are consistent with the theoretical analysis.     

Traffic flow prediction based on BILSTM model and data denoising scheme

Accurate prediction of road traffic flow is a significant part in the intelligent transportation systems. Accurate prediction can alleviate traffic congestion, and reduce environmental pollution. For the management department, it can make effective use of road resources. For individuals, it can help people plan their own travel paths, avoid congestion, and save time. Owing to complex factors on the road, such as damage to the detector and disturbances from environment, the measured traffic volume can contain noise. Reducing the influence of noise on traffic flow prediction is a piece of very important work. Therefore, in this paper we propose a combination algorithm of denoising and BILSTM to effectively improve the performance of traffic flow prediction. At the same time, three denoising algorithms are compared to find the best combination mode. In this paper, the wavelet (WL) denoising scheme, the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) denoising scheme, and the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) denoising scheme are all introduced to suppress outliers in traffic flow data. In addition, we combine the denoising schemes with bidirectional long short-term memory (BILSTM) network to predict the traffic flow. The data in this paper are cited from performance measurement system (PeMS). We choose three kinds of road data (mainline, off ramp, on ramp) to predict traffic flow. The results for mainline show that data denoising can improve prediction accuracy. Moreover, prediction accuracy of BILSTM+EEMD scheme is the highest in the three methods (BILSTM+WL, BILSTM+EMD, BILSTM+EEMD). The results for off ramp and on ramp show the same performance as the results for mainline. It is indicated that this model is suitable for different road sections and long-term prediction.     

Decentralized delayed-feedback control of an optimal velocity traffic model

The jam phenomenon in traffic flow wastes not only considerable traffic-transportation time but also great amounts of fuel due to many accelerate-decelerate actions. From traffic-economic and traffic-pollution viewpoints, the suppression of traffic jam is an important issue we have to solve. The present paper shows that -norm, which has been used in the field of control theory, can reveal the traffic jam phenomenon in an optimal velocity traffic model under an open boundary condition. Furthermore, we suppress the traffic jam in the model by the decentralized delayed-feedback control method. Some numerical simulations are shown to verify our theoretical results. Received 27 October 1999     

Considering Backward Effect in Coupled Map Car-Following Model

Based on the pioneer work of Konishi et al., a new control method is proposed to suppress the traffic congestion in the coupled map (CM) car-following model under open boundary condition. The influence of the following car to the system has been considered. Our method and that presented by Konishi et al. [Phys. Rev. E 60 (1999) 4000] are compared. Although both the methods could suppress the traffic jam, the simulation results show that thetemporal behavior obtained by ours is better than that proposed by the Konishi's et al. The simulation results are consistent with the theoretical analysis.     

Phase transition in a mixture of adaptive cruise control vehicles and manual vehicles

In this paper, we have investigated the effects of adaptive cruise control (ACC) vehicles in a mixture with manually-controlled (manual) vehicles. The manual vehicles are simulated by using the modified comfortable driving model, which can describe synchronized traffic flow. The phase transition probabilities from free flow to synchronized flow and from synchronized flow to jams are studied. The impact of ACC vehicles on the flow rates in free flow and synchronized flow and on the propagation velocity of the downstream front of jams are investigated. The dependence of microscopic properties of traffic flow, including the spatiotemporal patterns and the velocity distribution, is explored. Our results are expected to be useful for developing ACC systems.     

Traffic flow of a roundabout crossing with an open boundary condition

This paper presents a cellular automaton traffic flow model with an open boundary condition to describe the traffic flow at a roundabout crossing with an inner roundabout lane and an outer roundabout lane. The simulation results show that the boundary condition, bottlenecks and the self-organization affect the traffic flow at the roundabout crossing. Because of the effect of bottlenecks, jams easily appear on the inner roundabout lane. To improve the capacity of the roundabout system, proper values of the enter probability α and the out probability $\beta $ can be chosen.     

A study of wide moving jams in a new lattice model of traffic flow with the consideration of the driver anticipation effect and numerical simulation

In this paper, a new lattice model of traffic flow is proposed to investigate wide moving jams in traffic flow with the consideration of the driver anticipation information about two preceding sites. The linear stability condition is obtained by using linear stability analysis. The mKdV equation is derived through nonlinear analysis, which can be conceivably taken as an approximation to a wide moving jam. Numerical simulation also confirms that the congested traffic patterns about wide moving jam propagation in accordance with empirical results can be suppressed efficiently by taking the driver anticipation effect of two preceding sites into account in a new lattice model.     

The effect of ACC vehicles to mixed traffic flow consisting of manual and ACC vehicles

This paper studies the effect of adaptive cruise control （ACC） system on traffic flow by using simulations. The multiple headway and velocity difference （MHVD） model is used to depict the motion of ACC vehicles, and the simulation results are compared with the optimal velocity （OV） model which is used to depict the motion of manual vehicles. Compared the cases between the manual and the ACC vehicle flow, the fundamental diagram can be classified into four regions： I, II, III, IV. In low and high density the flux of the two models is the same; in region II the free flow region of the MHVD model is enlarged, and the flux of the MHVD model is larger than that of the OV model; in region III serious jams occur in the OV model while the ACC system suppresses the jams in the MHVD model and the traffic flow is in order, but the flux of the OV model is larger than that of the MHVD model. Similar phenomena also appeared in mixed traffic flow which consists of manual and ACC vehicles. The results indicate that ACC vehicles have significant effect on traffic flow. The improvement induced by ACC vehicles decreases with the increasing proportion of ACC vehicles.     

A new coupled-map car-following model based on a transportation supernetwork framework

A new car-following model is proposed by considering information from a number of preceding vehicles with intervehicle communication. A supernetwork architecture is first described, which has two layers： a traffic network and a communication network. The two networks interact with and depend on each other. The error dynamic system around the steady state of the model is theoretically analyzed and some nonjam criteria are derived. A simple control signal is added to the model to analyze the criteria of suppressing traffic jams. The corresponding numerical simulations confirm the correctness of the theoretical analysis. Compared with previous studies concerning coupled map models, the controlled model proposed in this paper is more reasonable and also more effective in the sense that it takes into account the formation of traffic congestion.     

A New Lattice Model of Two-Lane Trafc Flow with the Consideration of the Honk Efect

In this paper,a new lattice model of two-lane trafc flow with the honk efect term is proposed to study the influence of the honk efect on wide moving jams under lane changing.The linear stability condition on two-lane highway is obtained by applying the linear stability theory.The modified Korteweg-de Vries(KdV)equation near the critical point is derived and the coexisting curves resulted from the modified KdV equation can be described,which shows that the critical point,the coexisting curve and the neutral stability line decrease with increasing the honk efect coefcient.A wide moving jam can be conceivably described approximately in the unstable region.Numerical simulation is performed to verify the analytic results.The results show that the honk efect could suppress efectively the congested trafc patterns about wide moving jam propagation in lattice model of two-lane trafc flow.     

考虑动态车间距的一维元胞自动机交通流模型

基于NaSch元胞自动机交通流模型, 考虑司机复杂的性格特征和驾驶行为差异, 引入相邻车辆的动态车间距, 提出了一个改进的单车道元胞自动机交通流模型. 通过数值模拟得到了流量-密度关系, 在中高密度区域呈现出一种弥散分布的状态而非惟一确定的关系, 再现了交通系统中的自由流、同步流及宽幅运动阻塞, 表明道路上即使没有交通瓶颈也会出现同步流和拥挤交通, 同时揭示了在同步流中存在的车辆高速跟驰现象, 高速跟驰率与交通实测结果较为符合.     

一种有效提高无标度网络负载容量的管理策略

现有研究表明明显的社团结构会显著降低网络的传输性能. 本文基于网络邻接矩阵的特征谱定义了链路对网络社团特性的贡献度, 提出一种通过逻辑关闭或删除对网络社团特性贡献度大的链路以提高网络传输性能的拓扑管理策略, 即社团弱化控制策略(CWCS 策略). 在具有社团结构的无标度网络上分别进行了基于全局最短路径路由和局部路由的仿真实验, 并与关闭连接度大的节点之间链路的HDF 策略进行了比较. 仿真实验结果显示, 在全局最短路径路由策略下, CWCS策略能更有效地提高网络负载容量, 并且网络的平均传输时间增加的幅度变小. 在局部路由策略下, 当调控参数0<α<2, 对网络负载容量的提升优于HDF策略. 关键词： 复杂网络 社团特性 负载容量 拓扑管理