考虑交通出行惯例的双向行人流模型研究

推广了Baek等人最近提出的一个双向行人流模型,提出了两种改进策略,并从行人平均速度-密度关系、行人空间分布密度和位置分布等方面进行了数值分析. 研究发现,引入的两个新策略不仅可以提高行人流的平均速度,而且可以提高道路系统(尤其是道路中央区域)利用率,减轻拥堵状况,有效避免严重堵塞的发生. 改进的策略对行人的心理特点和行为特性等方面考虑更加全面,而且可以较好地模拟高密度的双向行人流. 关键词： 元胞自动机模型 双向行人流 交通惯例     

Tolerance of edge cascades with coupled map lattices methods

This paper studies the cascading failure on random networks and scale-free networks by introducing the tolerance parameter of edge based on the coupled map lattices methods.The whole work focuses on investigating some indices including the number of failed edges,dynamic edge tolerance capacity and the perturbation of edge.In general,it assumes that the perturbation is attributed to the normal distribution in adopted simulations.By investigating the effiectiveness of edge tolerance in scale-free and random networks,it finds that the larger tolerance parameter λ can more efficiently delay the cascading failure process for scale-free networks than random networks.These results indicate that the cascading failure process can be effiectively controlled by increasing the tolerance parameter λ.Moreover,the simulations also show that,larger variance of perturbation can easily trigger the cascading failures than the smaller one.This study may be useful for evaluating efficiency of whole traffic systems,and for alleviating cascading failure in such systems.     

Properties of asymmetrically evolved community networks

This paper studies a simple asymmetrically evolved community network with a combination of preferential attachment and random properties. An important issue about community networks is to discover the different utility increments of two nodes, where the utility is introduced to investigate the asymmetrical effect of connecting two nodes. On the other hand, the connection of two nodes in community networks can be classified as two nodes belonging to the same or to different communities. The simulation results show that the model can reproduce a power-law utility distribution P (u) ～ u σ , σ = 2 + 1 p , which can be obtained by using mean-field approximation methods. Furthermore, the model exhibits exponential behaviour with respect to small values of a parameter denoting the random effect in our model at the low-utility region and a power-law feature with respect to big values of this parameter at the high-utility region, which is in good agreement with theoretical analysis. This kind of community network can reproduce a unique utility distribution by theoretical and numerical analysis.     

Self-Organization of Topology and Weight Dynamics on Networks from Merging and Regeneration

We propose a model of weighted networks in which the structural evolution is coupled with weight dynamics. Based on a simple merging and regeneration process, the model gives powel-law distributions of degree, strength and weight, as observed in many real networks. It should be emphasized that, in our model, the nontrivial degree-strength correlation can be reproduced and in agreement with empirical data. Moreover, the size-growing evolution model is also presented to meet the properties of real-world systems.     

准移动闭塞系统的元胞自动机模型及列车延迟传播规律的研究

在NaSch模型的基础上，针对铁路交通的特点提出一种用于模拟准移动闭塞系统的元胞自动机模型.应用该模型模拟了准移动闭塞系统列车延迟传播的交通现象，分析了准移动闭塞系统中的轨道定位单元长度、发车时间间隔、初始延迟时间等因素对列车延迟传播的影响. 关键词： 元胞自动机 交通流 准移动闭塞     

基于单纯形方法的双层线性规划全局优化算法

通过分析双层线性规划可行域的结构特征和全局最优解在约束域的极点上达到这一特性,对单纯形方法中进基变量的选取法则进行适当修改后,给出了一个求解双层线性规划局部最优解方法,然后引进上层目标函数对应的一种割平面约束来修正当前局部最优解,直到求得双层线性规划的全局最优解.提出的算法具有全局收敛性,并通过算例说明了算法的求解过程.     

平衡规划问题的熵函数方法及其在混合交通流中的应用

将参变极值问题的极大熵函数方法应用到求解平衡规划问题中,通过先验分布信息和Kullback熵概念,给出了平衡规划问题基于Kullback熵表示的熵函数求解方法,并将平衡规划的极大熵函数方法应用于求解混合交通平衡分配问题．     

无严格互补松驰条件的序列线性方程组新算法

该文通过构造特殊形式的有效集来逼近KKT点处的有效集，给出了一个任意初始点下的序列线性方程组新算法，并证明了该算法在没有严格互补松驰条件的情况下具有全局收敛性和一步超线性收敛性。      

非线性最优化的广义梯度投影法

梯度投影法已有许多有效算法,但这些算法还存在三个问题:1)为了保证算法的收敛性,在算法的每一迭代步,需要选取δ-主动约束集,计算量较大.2)在迭代过程中,需要跟踪主动约束集.3)只能处理非线性不等式约束问题.本文讨论非线性等式与不等式约束的优化问题,给出了一个广义梯度投影法,证明了算法的收敛性并且完满地解决了上述三个问题.本文算法结构简单且其处理技巧有普遍意义.     

基于元胞传输模型的可变信息标志选址问题研究

随着智能交通技术的发展，可变信息标志(VMS)被广泛应用于动态交通管理中.元胞传输模型(CTM)可以较好地模拟交通流激波、排队形成与消散等交通流动力学特性.应用CTM对VMS选址问题进行了研究.数值模拟结果表明，合适的VMS位置可以减少系统内所有车辆的行驶时间.还分析了路径选择概率变化与VMS位置之间的关系.在一定范围内，交通事故越严重，VMS应设置在距离事故地点越远的地方. 关键词： 可变信息标志 选址问题 元胞传输模型 数值模拟