混合表面等离子体微盘腔模式特征及传感特性

为了实现高Q值极小模体积的表面等离子体微腔,提出一种混合表面等离子体微盘腔,介质微盘上放置横截面为矩形的金属纳米环形条,微盘腔中间由低折射率材料隔离.用有限元法对混合微腔的模式特性进行数值模拟,研究了其品质因子、有效模式体积和腔外能量比随器件几何尺寸的变化规律.结果表明,所设计微盘腔具有较低的传播损耗、较强的光场约束能力和较高的腔外能量比,品质因子高达7 000,最小模体积仅为0.315μm3,可实现高灵敏度折射率传感.     

耦合微盘及带输出波导的单微盘腔的耦合模式特性

光学微腔具有很高的品质因子和很小的模式体积,在光电子器件研究方面具有重要的应用价值.运用时域有限差分(FDTD)法和Padé近似频谱分析法模拟研究了耦合微盘及带输出波导的单微盘微腔由于空间对称性破坏导致的模式耦合现象;特别计算了耦合模式的场分布和品质因子,并由场分布得出不同角量子数模式的能量比例.对耦合微盘,模式耦合引...     

双介质加载石墨烯表面等离子激元波导的理论分析

在介质加载石墨烯等离子激元波导的基础上设计了一种由两个高折射率介质条形成的双介质加载石墨烯表面等离子激元波导(DDLGSPPW)。采用有效折射率法和有限元法研究在DDLGSPPW中石墨烯表面等离子激元(GSPP)模的有效折射率随入射波长、介质条2的宽度、高度以及介电常数的变化规律。结果表明,通过改变DDLGSPPW的介质条2的参数来改变GSPP模的有效折射率和模式数目,并调节GSPP模在两个介质条中场分布情况,表现出的性质和四层介质平板波导的性质很相似。DDLGSPPW的这种性质使其有望在集成光学器件中产生新的应用价值。     

基于导模共振效应提高石墨烯表面等离子体的局域特性

本文构建了一种包含石墨烯和亚波长光栅的复合结构, 借助衍射光栅的导模共振效应, 在石墨烯表面激发高局域性表面等离子体激元, 研究了石墨烯与光栅结构对表面等离子体激元局域特性的影响规律, 并借助基于有限元法的COMSOL软件, 分析了缓冲层厚度、光栅周期、载流子迁移率和费米能级对石墨烯的表面电场、品质因子Q和有效模式面积S_eff的影响. 结果表明, 石墨烯表面等离子体激元的局域性在特定的参数点获得显著提高: 当μ = 0.7 m²/(V·s)时, 品质因子达到最大值Q_max = 1793; 当p = 235 nm或E_F = 0.72 eV时, 表面电场达到了入射光的3000倍以上. 强烈的局域性导致强烈 的光-物质相互作用, 因而本文提出的复合结构可实现高灵敏度传感器和高效率的非线性光学设备, 极大地扩展了石墨烯在纳米光学领域中的应用.     

基于连续金属膜对称光栅结构的完美吸收特性

提出一种在连续金属膜两侧放置对称介质光栅来实现完美吸收的方案.在银膜厚度为20 nm,晶格常数为400 nm,介质折射率为1.46的情况下,得到最大吸收系数为99.47%.此时,吸收谱的线宽为2.53 nm,品质因子Q为296.06.研究发现,在完美吸收时,入射光的反射和透射受到有效抑制,吸收系数的相位梯度达到最大.完美吸收由长程表面等离子激元(LRSPP)决定,它的电场主要分布在银膜的外侧并形成驻波状,传输损失很小.当银膜厚度减小时,吸收谱线的线宽逐渐减少,而Q值增大.当厚度降到12右时,得到最小线宽0.98 nm和最大Q值760.0左右.完美吸收时的锐利吸收曲线和较高的品质因子可用于高灵敏度的微纳米传感器的设计与应用.     

表面等离激元探针的高介电灵敏度与液体折射率测定

利用金纳米棒在光照射下激发表面等离激元的性质,实验研究了其在不同介电环境下的吸收光谱.通过分析纵向等离子体共振吸收峰峰位随介质折射率的变化,获得了金纳米棒表面等离激元探针测量介质折射率的经验公式为n=(385.59)-1(λ/nm-290.56).利用金纳米棒表面等离激元探针的高介电灵敏度,测试了一些未知液体的折射率,并与阿贝折射仪测量法的结果相比较.结果与分析表明,本方法较之阿贝折射仪测量介质折射率的方法具有更高的精密度.因此,表面等离探针可用于拓展大学物理实验中的介质折射率测量实验.     

介质层厚对含负折射率介质Bragg微腔的影响

研究了介质层厚对含负折射率介质一维光子晶体Bragg微腔的缺陷模和双稳态的影响.在中心频率附近将传输矩阵各矩阵元采用泰勒级数展开并取一级近似,得到了缺陷模频率与介质层厚的关系式及品质因子公式.研究结果表明：一级近似法能很好地解释中心频率附近介质层厚对缺陷模频率的影响.理想Bragg微腔结构的缺陷模品质因子最大；递增正折射率介质层厚和增大缺陷层介质层厚、递减负折射率介质层厚及同时等量递减正和负折射率介质层厚,均可使缺陷模红移,双稳态阈值降低.     

金属-电介质约束的半导体微盘激光器

设计了一种以半导体材料InGaAsP作为核心结构的器件表面蒸镀二氧化硅膜层,在其上蒸镀金膜层,构成金属电介质半导体微盘激光器结构,盘面的厚度为2μm,盘面半径为6 μm ,盘壁侧表面与底面的夹角为45°.使用有限元法对该结构器件的回音壁模式进行数值研究.利用所谓“偏微分方程的弱项形式”有效地抑制了许多局域不变性相关的“伪解”.通过数值求解弱项型矢量亥姆霍兹方程,得到微盘激光器回音壁模式的横磁场分布,在此基础上讨论了其品质因数(Q值)、模体积、不同金属和电介质膜厚度对器件品质因数的影响、盘的半径和其品质因素的关系等相关量,理论计算表明,这种结构的器件较直接在介质表面蒸镀金属膜层结构的器件的品质因数高2～3倍,实验还获得了基阶和高阶的表面等离子体波模式,以及品质因数最大达到约5100的光学-电介质基模.     

金属-电介质约束的半导体微盘激光器

设计了一种以半导体材料InGaAsP作为核心结构的器件表面蒸镀二氧化硅膜层,在其上蒸镀金膜层,构成金属-电介质半导体微盘激光器结构,盘面的厚度为2 μm,盘面半径为6 μm,盘壁侧表面与底面的夹角为45°.使用有限元法对该结构器件的回音壁模式进行数值研究,利用所谓"偏微分方程的弱项形式"有效地抑制了许多局域不变性相关的"伪解".通过数值求解弱项型矢量亥姆霍兹方程,得到微盘激光器回音壁模式的横磁场分布,在此基础上讨论了其品质因数(Q值)、模体积、不同金属和电介质膜厚度对器件品质因数的影响、盘的半径和其品质因素的关系等相关量.理论计算表明,这种结构的器件较直接在介质表面蒸镀金属膜层结构的器件的品质因数高2～3倍.实验还获得了基阶和高阶的表面等离子体波模式,以及品质因数最大达到约5 400的光学-电介质基模.     

石英毛细管椭球微气泡模式特性及传感技术

利用有限元数值分析方法研究了椭球状石英毛细管微气泡回音壁模式特性及其折射率传感性能.计算分析了不同半径与内壁厚度情况下空芯和液芯椭球形微气泡模式特征,包括品质因数、有效折射率和能量比等,并探讨了微气泡在高灵敏度和高分辨率折射率传感方面的应用潜能.研究结果表明微气泡膨胀至350μm,且内壁厚度为1μm时分辨率和灵敏度最佳;在该厚度范围附近,微气泡分辨率不会因为半径尺寸的改变而发生太大变化;二阶径向模具有较高品质因数,其灵敏度略高于一阶基模,且使用二阶径向模可降低在制造时对结构壁厚控制精度的要求,可用于实际传感应用中.研究结果对微气泡的进一步实验研制具有理论参考价值.     

On the use of Purcell factors for plasmon antennas

The Purcell factor is the standard figure of merit for spontaneous emission enhancement in microcavities and has also been proposed to describe emission enhancements for plasmonic resonances. A comparison of quality factor, mode volume, and Purcell factor for single and coupled plasmon spheres to exact calculations of emission rates shows that a Purcell factor derived from quality factor and mode volume does not describe emission changes due to plasmon antennas.     

改进型混合表面等离子体微腔激光器的研究

设计了一种拥有增益介质脊和空气间隙的改进型混合表面等离子体微腔激光器,并在微腔的两端面镀一层50 nm厚的银反射镜,有效地提高了纳米激光器的性能.基于COMSOL Multiphysics软件分别构建二维截面和三维立体模型,在1550 nm的工作波长下对该改进型结构的传输性能以及微腔性能进行分析.结果表明:该激光器具有显著的亚波长限制能力和很大的传输距离,最长距离可以达到1.29 mm.测试该激光器的微腔性能时,通过调整结构参数获得了高质量因子、低增益阈值以及深亚波长下的超小有效模式体积0.001092μm~3和超高的Purcell因子8.29×10~5.与先前结构对比,在结构参数统一时,所设计的结构具有更低的激光激射阈值和更强的微腔局域能力.所设计的改进型混合表面等离子体微腔激光器可以作为各种光子器件的基本构建模块,并可应用于传感、纳米聚焦和纳米激光等领域.     

Investigation of resonant modes in thin microcavities by using electromagnetic theory

A biharmonic differential equation for 3D thin microcavities with uniform thickness is investigated by use of electromagnetic theory, whose exact solution is determined to govern the electromagnetic field distribution inside the thin microcavities. The resonant field patterns of a thin microdisk and thin rectangular microcavity are obtained accordingly. The governing equation can be verified by comparing the results of the thin microdisk presented with the approximate ones in the literature. The fourth-order partial differential equation and its exact solution should be useful in possible applications of the thin microcavities for optical resonators in laser optics and optical devices.     

Silica-based microcavity fabricated by wet etching

Silica whispering gallery mode(WGM) microcavities were fabricated by the buffered oxide etcher and potassium hydroxide wet etching technique without any subsequent chemical or laser treatments. The silicon pedestal underneath was an octagonal pyramid, thus providing a pointed connection area with the top silica microdisk while weakly influencing the resonance modes. The sidewalls of our microdisks were wedge shaped, which was believed to be an advantage for the mode confinement. Efficient coupling from and to the 60 μm diameter microdisk structure was achieved using tapered optical fibres, exhibiting a quality factor of 1.5×10~4 near a wavelength of 1550 nm. Many resonance modes were observed, and double transverse electric modes were identified by theoretical calculations. The quality factor of the microdisks was also analysed to deduce the cavity roughness. The wet etching technique provides a more convenient avenue to fabricate WGM microdisks than conventional fabrication methods.     

基于表面等离子体共振增强的硅基锗金属-半导体-金属光电探测器的设计研究

金属-半导体-金属光电探测器的光栅结构可激发表面等离子体, 有效增强探测器的吸收. 为深入研究器件结构对于表面等离子体的激发及共振增强的影响, 本文提出了一种具有超薄有源层的硅基锗金属-半导体-金属光电探测器的设计方法. 采用时域有限差分的方法详细分析了光栅周期、光栅厚度、 光栅间距及有源层厚度对于表面等离子体共振增强器件性能的影响, 通过仿真模拟获得了器件的最佳结构, 详细地分析了各个界面激发的表面等离子体及其共振模式对于光谱吸收增强的机理. 仿真结果表明, 有源层锗的厚度为400nm的超薄器件在通信波段具有较高的吸收, 尤其在1550nm波长处器件的归一化的光谱吸收率可以高达53.77%, 增强因子达7.22倍. 利用共振效应能够极大地提高高速器件的光电响应, 为解决光电探测器响应度与响应速度之间的相互制约关系提供了有效途径. 关键词： 表面等离子体 锗探测器 时域有限差分仿真     

Difference frequency generation in GaAs microdisks

Semiconductor-based whispering-gallery-mode microcavities are very promising for nonlinear optics applications, thanks to the high optical quality factors attainable with today's technology. We propose to exploit this advantage to generate cw light through phase-matched difference frequency generation in a triply resonant GaAs microdisk. A proper choice of the microdisk radius and thickness allows one to select the generated wavelength in the band of 2.5-2.9 mum. Besides illustrating the design features, we numerically show that temperature can be effectively used to compensate for wavelength shifts induced on the generated field by fabrication errors.     

Defects and diffraction in photonic crystals

Photonic crystals are very promising because they provide the ability to create high performance microcavities with a high quality factor for a small modal volume. These cavity modes are obtained by creating defects in the periodicity and the defect design must be optimized to obtain the highest transmission. We investigate defect properties in the graphite structure by varying the size of some cylinders. Using the Transfer Matrix Method, we calculate the in-plane diffraction of defect rows and show how this diffraction affects the transmission of the cavity mode.     

Theoretical analysis of surface plasmon resonance based fiber optic sensor using indium nitride

An extremely sensitive surface plasmon resonance based fiber optic sensor with indium nitride (InN) layer coated on the core of the optical fiber is theoretically analyzed. The proposed sensor exhibits high sensitivity in the near infrared region of spectrum. The optimized value of thickness of InN layer is found to be 70 nm. Possessing high sensitivity of 4493 nm/RIU, the 70 nm thick InN layer based fiber optic SPR sensor illustrates good sensing behavior.     

Mode characteristics of silver-coated inverted-wedge silica microdisks

The characteristics of whispering gallery modes(WGM) in silver-coated inverted-wedge silica microdisks are theoretically investigated by using finite element method. Dielectric TE mode always exists in silver-coated inverted-wedge resonators; dielectric TM mode tends to couple with SPP modes; only pure interior surface plasmonic polariton(SPP) mode but not pure exterior SPP mode is observed in contrast to the metal-coated cylindrical and toroidal resonators. The dependence of quality factor of different kinds of WGMs on the radius of the resonator and the thickness of the coated silver layer are systematically analyzed. We find that the quality factors of the hybrid WGMs associated with SPP mode can reach 104. The maximum light intensity enhancement in ambient for a hybrid mode consisting of a dielectric TM mode and an exterior SPP mode can be obtained when a silver film of thickness ~40 nm is deposited. The silver-coated inverted-wedge silica resonators may be widely applied in sensing and surface enhanced Raman scattering.