Layer-resolved optical conductivity of Co | Pt multilayers

The complex optical conductivity tensor is calculated for the Co | Pt multilayer systems by applying a contour integration technique within the framework of the spin-polarized relativistic screened Korringa–Kohn–Rostoker method. It is shown that the optical conductivity of the Co | Pt multilayer systems is dominated by contributions arising from the Pt cap and/or substrate layers.     

PtMn/Co多层薄膜结构及磁光克尔效应的研究

用磁控溅射法制备了不同Mn含量的PtMn/Co多层膜,通过大,小角X射线衍射谱对该多层膜进行结构分析,研究了该多层膜的层状结构同磁光克尔效应的关系,通过测定该多层膜在不同杂质浓度下的克尔谱,椭偏率谱及克尔回线,发现克尔角随Mn含量增加的变化规律,并分析了它的产生机制。     

1-Soliton Solution of the Nonlinear Schrödinger’s Equation with Kerr Law Nonlinearity Using Lie Symmetry Analysis

This paper obtains the 1-soliton solution of the nonlinear Schrödinger’s equation in a Kerr law media. The technique that is used to carry out the integration of this equation is the Lie symmetry analysis.     

Layer-resolved magnetic moments in Ni/Pt multilayers

The magnetic moments in Ni/Pt multilayers are thoroughly studied by combining experimental and ab initio theoretical techniques. SQUID magnetometry probes the samples' magnetizations. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism separates the contribution of Ni and Pt and provides a layer-resolved magnetic moment profile for the whole system. The results are compared to band-structure calculations. Induced Pt magnetic moments localized mostly at the interface are revealed. No magnetically "dead" Ni layers are found. The magnetization per Ni volume is slightly enhanced compared to bulk NiPt alloys.     

用表面磁光克尔效应实验系统测量铁磁性薄膜的磁滞回线

用自制的表面磁光克尔效应实验系统开发了研究性近代物理实验,测出铁磁性薄膜的磁滞回线,并求得克尔旋转角和克尔椭偏率.     

The influence of external magnetic field and femtosecond laser pulses on the anomalous Kerr loops in GdFeCo amorphous film

The anomalous loops obtained by applying the traditional Kerr loop technique, in which the sample was pumped by continuous pulses using the method of successive increment scanning external magnetic field, contained memory and accumulation effects originating, respectively, from external field history and multiple pulse excitations. To eliminate the memory effect and study the influence of external magnetic field on the anomalous loops, an initializing field scanning approach was used to replace the method of successive increment scanning external field. And to confirm the existence of accumulation effect and study the influence of pump pulses on the anomalous loops, a controllable pump-pulse-number magneto-optical Kerr technique was used to replace continuous pulses pump Kerr technique. In both ways, measured with different pump fluence and different pump pulses, the results showed clearly the dependence of the hot coercivity and the degree of magnetization reversal on the external field, pump pulse numbers and pump fluence.     

Spatiotemporal instability in dispersive nonlinear Kerr medium with a finite response time

We investigated the spatiotemporal modulation instability (MI) in a medium with a non-instantaneous Kerr response in which the nonlinear contribution to the refractive index is governed by a relaxing Debye type equation. The expression for the MI gain spectrum in non-instantaneous Kerr medium is obtained, which clearly reveals the influence of the finite time of the nonlinear response (relaxation effect) on the spatiotemporal MI. It is shown that, due to the relaxation effect, the spatiotemporal MI can appear for the case of anomalous dispersion and defocusing nonlinearity, while it cannot appear in instantaneous Kerr medium for the same case, and a new MI gain spectrum appears, adding to the conventional MI gain spectrum similar to that in an instantaneous Ker medium. In addition, the bandwidth of MI gain spectrum is extended and the maximum MI gain is reduced with increasing of the relaxation time. Interestingly, spatiotemporal MI can appear for any spatial frequencies in non-instantaneous Kerr medium for any combination of dispersion and nonlinearity. We have performed an experiment of MI in carbon disulfide (CS₂), a typical non-instantaneous Kerr medium, which shows quantitative agreement with the theoretical analyses.     

Frequency Characterization of the Nonlinear Refractive Index in Optical Fiber

The Kerr and the electrostrictive contributions to the intensity-dependent nonlinear refractive index in optical fibers are discussed on both theoretical and experimental bases. Particular attention is devoted to the electrostrictive contribution that under particular conditions is enhanced by resonances. The resonant behavior of the electrostrictive effect is calculated, measured, and discussed for standard single-mode fibers and dispersion shifted fibers. Experimental results are also reported. Measure ments have been carried out with a simple and effective technique based on the cross-phase modulation effect that also allows one to evaluate the nonlinear refractive index at any bit rate. Electrostriction contributes 20 % to the total nonlinear refractive index but in the resonant regime becomes comparable to the Kerr effect.     

Enhancement of nonlinear susceptibilities near plasmonic metamaterials

It is shown that the Kerr nonlinearity of a two-level atom placed in the vicinity of a two-dimensional array of metal-coated silica nanoparticles can be greatly enhanced due to quenching of both radiative and non-radiative spontaneous-emission paths for frequencies near the surface plasmon resonances. The spontaneous emission rate is calculated by rigorous electrodynamic calculations of the electric-field Green’s tensor. The Kerr susceptibility can be enhanced by two orders of magnitude even for large detunings heralding, this way, the observation of nonlinear phenomena for moderate radiation intensities.     

用表面磁光克尔原理测量薄膜材料的磁性参数

以表面磁光克尔原理为机理,测量薄膜材料的磁性参数,实验上求得了饱和状态下坡莫合金的克尔偏转角,并测出了其磁滞回线.     

基于克尔效应的真空绝缘子表面电场在线测量

克尔效应(Kerr Effect)作为一种电光效应,主要表现为:克尔介质在外加电场作用下,会使得入射到其中的探测光带有外加电场的信息.基于上述原理,设计并搭建了由快脉冲高电压源、YAG激光器、同步控制子系统、被测绝缘子及克尔效应单元、相位差检测子系统构成的真空绝缘子表面电场在线测量实验平台.通过对比性测量,观察到了真空绝缘子沿面带电导致的表面电场畸变现象.并进一步对绝缘子表面电场的畸变进行了时间分辨测量.     

Enhanced Kerr nonlinearity via quantum interference from spontaneous emission

A novel atom configuration is proposed for a giant Kerr nonlinearity in zero linear and nonlinear probe absorption. It is shown that without coherent control field and just by quantum interference of spontaneous emission, a giant Kerr nonlinearity can be obtained.     

Magneto-optical Static Recording Performances of Sputtered CoPt Alloy Films

CoPt alloy films with good magnetic and mageto-optical properties were prepared on Pt buffer layer or directly on glass subst rate by sputtering a composite target. Their static recording properties were investigated. The results showed that static signals could be easily written into the CoPt alloy films without Pt buffer layers using moderate recording power. The introduction of Pt buffer layer in CoPt alloy films not only led to a smaller Kerr rotation but also greatly increased the recording power.     

Anisotropic interface magnetoresistances in Pt(111)/Co n /Pt(111)

It is shown in terms of a fully relativistic spin-polarized ab initio-type approach that in Pt/Co/Pt trilayers two types of anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) have to be distinguished: an in-plane and an out-of-plane AMR. The obtained results, namely the magnetic field dependence as well as the thickness dependence of both AMR types are in very good agreement with a very recent experimental study, in which the in-plane as well as the out-of-plane AMR was reported for this system. The difference between the two types of AMR is visualized in terms of layer-resolved resistivities. In particular, it is confirmed that the anisotropic interface magnetoresistance (AIMR) introduced in the recent publication mainly originates in the vicinity of the Co/Pt interfaces.     

Complex geometrical optics of Kerr type nonlinear media

The paper generalizes paraxial complex geometrical optics (PCGO) for Gaussian beam (GB) propagation in nonlinear media of Kerr type. Ordinary differential equations for the beam amplitude and for complex curvature of the wave front are derived, which describe the evolution of axially symmetric GB in a Kerr type nonlinear medium. It is shown that PCGO readily provides the solutions of NLS equation obtained earlier from diffraction theory on the basis of the aberration-free approach. Besides reproducing classical results of self-focusing PCGO readily describes an influence of the initial curvature of the wave front on the beam evolution in a medium of Kerr type including a nonlinear graded-index fiber. The range of applicability of the PCGO theory is discussed as well which is helpful for avoiding nonphysical solutions.     

Kerr偶奇相干态及其非经典性

本文对Ker偶奇相干态及其非经典性质进行了研究。结果表明:Kerr偶相干态可呈现周期性的二阶压缩效应,Kerr奇相干态则不存在这种压缩效应;但两者均可呈现周期性的振幅平方压缩效应,这与通常偶奇相干态的情形有所不同。     

Integrating the geodesic equations in the Schwarzschild and Kerr space-times using Beltrami's “geometrical” method

We revisit a little known theorem due to Beltrami, through which the integration of the geodesic equations of a curved manifold is accomplished by a method which, even if inspired by the Hamilton-Jacobi method, is purely geometric. The application of this theorem to the Schwarzschild and Kerr metrics leads straightforwardly to the general solution of their geodesic equations. This way of dealing with the problem is, in our opinion, very much in keeping with the geometric spirit of general relativity. In fact, thanks to this theorem we can integrate the geodesic equations by a geometrical method and then verify that the classical conservation laws follow from these equations.     

非线性光子晶体中光敏超棱镜现象的研究

基于非线性时域有限差分法,模拟了克尔非线性光子晶体中的光敏超棱镜现象.结果发现,当光强变化230 W/μm时,两束光在空间上能被分开10°,选取较大的基本功率将有助于提高其光强分辨率. 而且,当自抽运光较强时,光子晶体中光波的波矢方向将会发生转动. 此外,光束在非线性光子晶体中长距离传播时,透过率的变化将经历几个不同的阶段,分别对应于不同原因所造成的光强损耗. 关键词： 光子晶体 超棱镜 克尔非线性效应     

Giant Enhancement and Sign Inversion of Optical Kerr Nonlinearity in Random High Index Nanocomposites near Mie Resonances

High-index dielectric nanoantennas excited at Mie-type resonances have exhibited enormous enhancement of optical nonlinearity. Such nanostructures have been actively studied by researchers in recent years. Here, a numerical analysis study of the optical Kerr effect of nanocomposites consisting of high refractive index (GaP) spheres at the wavelength of 532 nm is presented. This is done by means of 3D finite-difference time-domain simulations. The effective nonlinear refractive index of 0.8 µm thick nanocomposites and metasurfaces is evaluated. It is shown that the optical Kerr nonlinearity of the nanocomposites rises by orders in proximity to Mie resonances and may exceed the second-order refractive index of the bulk material. It is revealed that the sign of the effective optical Kerr coefficient is inverted near the Mie resonances. This effect may be of interest in developing nonlinear optical metadevices.     

Growth of completely (110)-oriented Pt film on Si (100) by using MgO as a buffer by pulsed laser deposition

(110)-textured MgO films were grown on Si (100) with etching and without etching by pulsed laser deposition. The deposited MgO films were shown to be droplets-free. The MgO film was used as a buffer layer to further grow Pt film on Si (100). A completely (110)-oriented Pt film was obtained on such a buffer layer and its surface is very smooth with a roughness of about 7.5 nm over 5×5 μm. This can be used as a new oriented Pt electrode on silicon for devices. Received: 23 January 2001 / Accepted: 27 April 2001 / Published online: 27 June 2001