铸锭凝固组织对相应非晶合金晶化过程中二十面体准晶相形成动力学的影响

通过在真空电弧熔炼炉内对合金铸锭进行反复熔炼处理，获得到了凝固组织不同的Zr₆₅Al_7.5Cu_12.5Ni₁₀Ag₅合金铸锭.在相同的制备条件下，由凝固组织不同的合金铸锭通过吸铸法制备得到了薄片非晶合金.利用差示扫描量热法(DSC)对非晶合金的晶化动力学进行了分析.x射线衍射谱表明，在Zr₆₅Al_7.5Cu_12.5Ni₁₀Ag₅非晶合金晶化过程中，二十面体准晶相(I相)作为初生相析出.Kissinger分析结果表明，合金铸锭的凝固组织细化，相对应的非晶合金发生晶化时，I相形成与分解的有效激活能都增大，说明非晶合金及析出的I相的热稳定性都提高.从结构的遗传性角度就合金铸锭凝固组织对相应非晶合金晶化过程中二十面体准晶相的形成动力学的影响进行了讨论. 关键词： 二十面体准晶相 晶化动力学 凝固组织     

非晶Ti3Al合金的变形晶化机理的原子模拟

利用分子动力学方法研究了非晶Ti₃Al合金拉伸过程中的晶化行为，模拟结果表明局部塑性变形导致非晶合金晶化.从微观结构演化的角度分析了拉伸过程中的晶化机理，局部剪切导致拉伸过程中晶粒发生成核与合并，最终生成的晶粒具有面心立方结构.晶核的生长过程伴随着应力强化现象，非晶相中的纳米晶粒能提高非晶合金材料的强度. 关键词： 非晶合金 变形晶化 分子动力学     

粉末状态对激光立体成形Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5块体非晶合金晶化行为的影响

基于金属熔体结构的遗传性, 激光熔池的快速熔凝导致粉末的晶化状态可能会对最终成形件的晶化产生重要影响, 理清其影响规律对于制备大块非晶合金具有重要意义. 本文选取等离子旋转电极法所制粉末和1000 K退火态粉末为沉积材料, 采用激光立体成形技术沉积Zr₅₅Cu₃₀Al₁₀Ni₅块体非晶合金, 考察了粉末中已有晶化相对熔池及热影响区晶化行为的影响. 结果发现, 原始粉末组织由非晶相及粗大的Al₅Ni₃Zr₂相组成; 当激光线能量较低时, 相应熔覆层的熔池和热影响区皆含有Al₅Ni₃Zr₂相; 随着线能量的提高, 熔池中Al₅Ni₃Zr₂相消失, 保持了非晶态, 但热影响区晶化加重, 并有大量Al₅Ni₃Zr₂相析出; 当采用退火态粉末时, 即使线能量较小, 相应熔覆层仍主要由非晶构成, 几乎无Al₅Ni₃Zr₂相析出. 这是由于原始粉末在退火时其微观结构发生重排, 与Al₅Ni₃Zr₂相关的原子短程/中程有序结构减少, 导致已沉积层非晶区的热稳定性提高, 不利于Al₅Ni₃Zr₂相析出. 可见, 提高线能量将会加剧非晶沉积体的晶化, 而粉末中的Al₅Ni₃Zr₂团簇相状态对Zr₅₅Cu₃₀Al₁₀Ni₅合金沉积层的晶化有重要影响.     

Zr-Cu-Ni-Al-Nb大块非晶合金的晶化行为、力学性能及电化学腐蚀行为的研究

利用水冷铜模铸造法成功制备了Zr_65-xCu_17.5Al_7.5Ni ₁₀Nb_x (x=0，2，5)大块非晶合金. X射线衍射、热分析研究结果表 明，Nb的添加显著改变了非晶合金的晶化行为，促进了二十面体准晶相的形成. 各合金的准 静态压缩实验表明，Nb的适量添加有利于提高大块非晶合金的强度和塑性. 其中x=5的大块 非晶合金的抗压强度σ_b和塑性应变量ε_p 关键词： Zr基大块非晶合金 晶化行为 力学性能 耐腐蚀性能     

(Fe0.1Co0.55Ni0.35)78Si8B14金属玻璃的晶化过程及压力的影响(Ⅰ)——晶化时的相析出过程

用X射线衍射法研究了(Fe_0.1Co_0.55Ni_0.35)₇₈Si₈B₁₄金属玻璃在常压下及20kbar高压下晶化过程中的析出相及析出过程。结果表明在上述压力下晶化过程都分成两个阶段,分别对应于初级晶化和共晶晶化。在常压下,初级晶化时析出fcc-Co晶体,而共晶晶化对应着Ni₃₁Si₁₂和(FeCoNi)₃(SiB)相的析出。随着回火温度的增高或时间的延长,(FeCoNi)₃(SiB)相逐渐转变为(FeCoNi)₂₃B₆相。20kbar高压下的晶化析出过程与常压下不同的是:提高了晶化温度,在共晶晶化阶段出现了Co₂B相。此外,压力还阻止(FeCoNi)₂₃B₆相的形成。从热力学和动力学的角度讨论了压力对金属玻璃晶化过程的影响。 关键词：     

Ni51Zr49非晶合金晶化过程的电子显微镜研究

用透射电子显微镜对Ni₅₁Zr₄₉非晶合金的晶化过程进行了研究,发现晶化初期首先从非晶基体上析出的是具有C心单斜点阵的NiZr＇相,a=0.3268nm,b=0.4101nm,c=0.5224nm,β=71.8°。与稳定相NiZr有很明确的取向关系:[100]_NiZr＇∥[100]_NiZr [001]_NiZr＇∥[110]_NiZr。它可以看成是NiZr相的亚稳态或超结构。随温度升高,逐渐转变成NiZr相。温度再高时,在非晶基体上还会析出少量Ni₁₀Zr₇相。晶化初期,无论是NiZr还是NiZr＇相,都是以多次孪晶的形式析出。孪晶有这两种基本形式,一种是以NiZr或NiZr＇的[021]方向为轴的180°孪晶,一种是以NiZr的[001]或NiZr＇的[010]方向为轴的36°旋转孪晶,其它孪晶为这两种孪晶方式的重复与组合。随着温度的升高,孪晶逐渐减少。 关键词：     

非晶Ni-P合金的晶化相

利用电镜双倾台倾转Ni₁₂P₅晶体以及对Vafaei-Makhsoos发表的数据的分析,证实了由他所提出的三个新的Ni₃P相并不存在。从而澄清了非晶Ni-P合金在加热过程中总共有七个晶化相析出:α=5.48?的面心立方亚稳相α,由此相转变生成的六角多型体α₁,α₂,α₃亚稳相,体心四方Ni₁₂P₅相,体心四方Ni₃P相及Ni固溶体。 关键词：     

非晶Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9合金激光纳米化的超精细结构研究

在CO₂激光功率为50—300W、扫描速度为20mm/s、激光散光斑为20mm照射条件下 ，诱导非 晶Fe_735Cu₁Nb₃Si_135B9带中发生结构重组，产生定量纳米α-F e(Si)晶相形成双相组织结构材料. 利用穆斯堡尔谱研究了非晶Fe_735C u₁Nb₃Si_135B₉合金激光纳米化的 超精细结构. 实验结果表明，激光诱导非晶 Fe_735Cu₁Nb₃Si_135B ₉纳米化后，其超精细磁场的分布随 着激光功率变 化由单峰向双峰变化，在高功率辐照时， 出现了双峰分布，并且峰位向高场移动. 高激光 功率辐照非晶Fe_735Cu₁Nb₃Si_{135B9合金纳米晶化相有四种超精细结 构，即2个超精细磁场较小的初晶相和2个超精细磁场较大的纳米晶化相. 其中超精细磁场较 大(17—25MA/m)的α-Fe(Si)相为DO3结构. 关键词： 激光 纳米晶α-Fe（Si) 735}Cu₁Nb< sub>3Si_135B₉')" href="#">非晶Fe_735Cu₁Nb< sub>3Si_135B₉ 超精细结构 超精细磁场     

Zr60Al15Ni25大块非晶合金晶化动力学研究

通过等温示差扫描量热法研究了Zr₆₀Al₁₅Ni₂₅大块非 晶合金的晶化动力学.实验结果表明，晶化过程的孕育期很短，即使在743 K这样低的温度下也不过0.52 min，而放热峰宽（反应整个晶化过程进行的时间）却随退火温度的降低明显增大，这说明了结晶过程是一个晶核长大控制的过程.Avrami指数表明在不同的退火温度，该合金的晶化机制发生了变化.晶化机制的变化是由于合金原子在不同温度下的扩散能力相差很大所致. 关键词： 晶化动力学 60Al₁₅Ni₂₅大块非晶合金')" href="#">Zr₆₀Al₁₅Ni₂₅大块非晶合金 示差扫 描量热法（DSC）     

Cu60Zr30Ti10非晶合金弛豫和晶化过程的小角X射线散射研究

应用小角X射线散射技术研究了Cu₆₀Zr₃₀Ti₁₀非晶合金从300到813 K之间微结构的演化情况.发现在淬火状态下Cu₆₀Zr₃₀Ti₁₀非晶合金中存在直径30 nm左右的富Cu区.非晶的结构弛豫包括573 K之前的低温结构弛豫和573 K到玻璃转变温度的高温结构弛豫，弛豫的结果是产生含有有序原子团簇的富Cu区，这些有序原子团簇的富Cu区是随后晶化过程中晶核产生的基础.Porod曲线分析表明，晶化生成的纳米体心立方CuZr相和基体之间有明锐的界面. 关键词： 小角X射线散射 非晶合金 结构弛豫 晶化     

Structural relaxation and viscous flow in amorphous ZrAlCu

The ternary metallic glass Zr₆₅Al_7.5Cu_27.5 offers a wide temperature range between glass transition temperature and crystallization temperature and is therefore well suited for investigation of the glass transition and the state of the super cooled liquid. The non-linear viscosity change caused by structural relaxation has been measured caused by structural relaxation has been measured using tensile creep experiments on as quenched samples. The increase of viscosity can be described by bimolecular annihilation kinetics of flow defects. The Arrhenius plot of equilibrium viscosity shows a kink at a temperature which seems to be the glass transition temperature. The activation energies of viscous flow below and above that glass transition temperature differ by nearly a factor two. Different microscopic processes responsible for viscous flow in the two regimes of temperature are therefore conceivable. This view is also encouraged by Dynamic-Mechanical-Analysis on relaxed samples, a method to examine the viscoelastic behaviour of glassy materials on different time scales and by recent diffusion measurements on a different system.     

Structural relaxation and viscous flow in amorphous ZrAlCu

The ternary metallic glass Zr₆₅Al_7.5Cu_27.5 offers a wide temperature range between glass transition temperature and crystallization temperature and is therefore well suited for investigation of the glass transition and the state of the super cooled liquid. The non-linear viscosity change caused by structural relaxation has been measured caused by structural relaxation has been measured using tensile creep experiments on as quenched samples. The increase of viscosity can be described by bimolecular annihilation kinetics of flow defects. The Arrhenius plot of equilibrium viscosity shows a kink at a temperature which seems to be the glass transition temperature. The activation energies of viscous flow below and above that glass transition temperature differ by nearly a factor two. Different microscopic processes responsible for viscous flow in the two regimes of temperature are therefore conceivable. This view is also encouraged by Dynamic-Mechanical-Analysis on relaxed samples, a method to examine the viscoelastic behaviour of glassy materials on different time scales and by recent diffusion measurements on a different system.     

Shear viscosity of the Pd<Subscript>40</Subscript>Cu<Subscript>40</Subscript>P<Subscript>20</Subscript> metallic glass under conditions of isochronous heating below the glass transition temperature

The shear viscosity is measured under conditions of isochronous (linear) heating below the glass transition temperature of the Pd₄₀Cu₄₀P₂₀ metallic glass, which is characterized by the polymorphic crystallization into the Pd₂Cu₂P tetragonal phase with a lower density than the initial glass. It is shown that the rate dependence of the shear viscosity can be interpreted as a result of the irreversible structural relaxation by analogy with the case of the previously studied metallic glasses despite the unusual ratio of the densities of the material in noncrystalline and crystalline states.     

The increasing of localized free volume in bulk metallic glass under uniaxial compression

Using transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction, we have investigated the microstructure of a Zr₅₅Al₁₀Ni₅Cu₃₀ bulk metallic glass under a uniaxial compression until a failure occurs at room temperature. It is shown that the amorphous structure has changed locally in the vicinity of the failure plane after the plastic deformation. An increase in free volume is observed within the localized areas due to the concentration of plastic flow, suggesting that the increasing of local free volume dominates the deformation mechanism of the metallic glass. The effect of free volume on the `serrated flow' behaviour in the stress--strain curves during the uniaxial compression is discussed.     

Local phase-structure modification inside of lithium silicate glass by combined double-wavelength laser action

The process of local structure modification inside of lithium silicate glass under the combined laser action of two different wavelengths is considered. The first step is laser irradiation of ultrashort laser pulses with 532 nm wavelength, which is used to create of nucleation centers inside of the optically transparent glass. The crystallization of the structural modification areas was carried out by a photothermal action of CO₂ laser radiation with a 10.6 μm wavelength. The range of crystallization temperatures was defined and the kinetics of the phase transformations of the modified regions inside of the glass were studied. Duration of crystallization was about 10 min with a slow heating and 25 s at the fast heating to crystallization temperature.     

金属玻璃Ni30Zr70的动态粘度和稳态粘度

本文测量了金属玻璃Ni₃₀Zr₇₀的动态粘度和稳态粘度,结果表明,由于结构弛豫的影响,动态粘度随升温速率的减小而线性增加,在玻璃转变温度T_g以下,动态粘度与温度的关系可以用Arrhenius方程进行描述,稳态粘度与温度的依赖关系满足Fulcher-Vogel方程。从4种不同升温速率的高温(结晶开始温度T_x)动态粘度值,给出金属玻璃Ni₃₀Zr₇₀的平衡粘度。在630—670K     

Unusual flow behavior of Fe-based soft magnetic amorphous ribbons under high temperature tensile loading

The viscous thermal flow behavior and mechanical property of [Fe_0.6Co_0.15B_0.2Si_0.05] _(100−x)Ta_x (x = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) soft magnetic amorphous ribbons were studied. The characteristics of melt-spun amorphous ribbons were measured by using vibration sample magnetometer (VSM), nanoindentation, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermo-mechanical analysis (TMA) to study the effects of Ta content variation on the thermal stability, mechanical, and soft magnetic properties. We observed that the nanoindentation hardness, Young's modulus, and glass transition and crystallization temperatures were improved by the addition of Ta. Using dilatometry measurement, TMA, by heating at a constant rate under tension mode, we examined not only the glass transition and crystallization behaviors but also the possibility of coexistence of multiple amorphous phases.     

Initial stages in the decay of the amorphous phase in the bulk metallic glass Zr-Cu-Ti

Using methods of x-ray diffraction analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, dilatometry, and transmission electron microscopy, we have investigated the initial stages of decay of the amorphous phase in a bulk metallic glass based on zirconium. We found that crystallization of the bulk metallic glass proceeds in several stages, where in the first stage the bulk conversion effect is equal to more than 1.6%, or about 80% of the total bulk crystallization effect. We showed that the first stage of decay of the amorphous phase in the bulk metallic glass Zr₂₉Ti₁₁Cu₆₀ leads to the formation of a nanocrystalline structure with a grain size of 1–5 nm. We have analyzed the change in the shape of the diffraction maximum during the formation of the very fine nanocrystalline structure. Fiz. Tverd. Tela (St. Petersburg) 41, 1129–1133 (July 1999)     

Ge/Au,Ge/Ag双层膜和Ge-Au,Ge-Ag合金膜中非晶Ge的晶化

本文对Ge/An,Ge/Ag,双层膜和Ge-An,Ge-Ag合金膜的退火过程进行了透射电子显微镜观测,对Ge/多晶Au(或Ag)还进行了加热过程的原位观测。观测表明,多晶Au和单晶Au膜的存在使非晶Ge的晶化温度T_c的下降显著不同,可由晶界三叉点等处为非晶Ge的有利形核位置来解释,双层膜的缩聚区中由于局域优先晶化的影响,不仅T_c(=100℃)比非缩聚区中(T_c=150℃)低,而且形成直径为1—2μm的Ge大晶粒,而Ge/多晶Ag和Ge/单晶Ag膜的T_c均约为280℃,合金膜中金属含量较低时(C_Au<17at％,C_Ag<18at％),T_c高于相应的Ge/多晶Au(Ag)膜;金属含量较高时,T_c低于Ge/多晶Au(Ag)膜。这说明过饱和金属原子的存在使得非晶Ge的晶化势垒大大降低。 关键词：