共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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基于共振干涉法、相位法和反射回波法测量了空气和水中超声波的传播速度,比较了三种方法的优缺点,共振干涉法和相位法可测量气体和液体中的声速,反射回波法可测量液体和固体中的声速;相位法误差最小,共振干涉法误差相对较大。共振干涉法研究了示波器接收的交变电压随传播距离的变化规律,计算得空气和水中超声波的损耗系数分别为0.01381、0.01829,超声波在水中的损耗较大。使用Origin软件直线拟合,对实验结果进行分析和评价。 相似文献
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介绍一种测量空气中超声波声速的新方法--改变频率干涉法(也叫改变频率驻波法).并对实验数据、测量精度进行了分析. 相似文献
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矢量水听器由于能获取声场中标量(声压)和矢量(振速)信息,因此单个的矢量水听器就可实现目标方位估计。单个矢量水听器是利用信号的声压和质点振速之间相关性进行信号方位估计,但是当存在干扰,并且干扰和信号之间相关时,如果对运用能量流进行方位估计的方法不加改进,则会出现很大的误差,甚至出现错误的估计。本文提出一种存在已知噪声干扰情况下的干扰抵消方法,并针对该方法进行了仿真试验,最后运用湖试数据进行了验证。结果表明,该方法能有效地减弱相千千柑对信号的影响,实现对信号的方位估计。 相似文献
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Nguen Than N. V. Anastasova J. I. Burov 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》1978,17(4):331-334
An interference acoustical method for measuring velocity, attenuation and reflection of acoustic surface waves was developed.
Applications to diagnostics and nondestructive testing of acoustic surface wave devices are discussed. 相似文献
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由于有机物质分解等原因,实际的海底沉积物中存在气泡,气泡的存在会显著影响沉积物低频段的声学特性,因此研究气泡对沉积物低频段声速的影响机理具有重要意义.考虑到外场环境的不可控性,在室内水池中搭建了大尺度含气非饱和沙质沉积物声学特性获取平台,在有界空间中应用多水听器反演方法首次获取了含气非饱和沙质沉积物300—3000 Hz频段内的声速数据(79—142 m/s),并同时利用双水听器法获取了同一频段的数据(112—121 m/s).在声波频率远低于沉积物中最大气泡的共振频率时,根据等效介质理论,将孔隙水和气泡等效为一种均匀流体,改进了水饱和等效密度流体近似模型.模型揭示了气泡对沉积物低频段声学特性的影响规律,理论上解释了沉积物中声速的降低.通过分析模型预报声速对模型参数的敏感性,根据测量得到的声速分布反演得到了沉积物不同区域的气泡体积分数,气泡体积分数从1.07%变化到2.81%.改进的模型为沉积物中气泡体积分数估计提供了一种新方法. 相似文献
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波导不变量是描述海洋波导环境声信号水平距离与频率干涉结构现象的特征参量。运动目标波导不变量测距方法需要已知目标速度值,运动目标速度一般是未知的。针对这一问题,本文提出了一种利用水平线阵估计目标运动速度的浅海波导不变量测距方法。该方法通过不同时刻波束域声信号互谱分析进行声源速度估计,结合HOUGH变换提取的LOFAR图斜率和波导不变量进行运动目标测距。仿真结果表明,该方法能够有效的进行运动目标的距离估计。利用2013年7月浅海实验数据,该方法估计出了发射船的距离,并与GPS测量的距离进行对比,相对误差小于10%。 相似文献
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LI Yong-Qing LI Jian MA Feng-Cai 《理论物理通讯》2006,46(2):294-296
Collisional quantum interference (CQI) was observed in the intramolecular rotational energy transfer in the experiment of the static cell, and the integral interference angles were measured. To observe more precise information, the experiment in the molecular beam should be taken,from which the relationship between the differential interference angle and the scattering angle can be obtained. In this paper, the theoretical model of CQI is described in an atom-diatom system in the condition of the molecular beam, based on the first-Born approximation of time-dependent perturbation theory, taking into accounts the long-range interaction potential. The method of observing and measuring correctly the differential interference angle is presented. The changing tendency of the differential interference angle with the impact parameter and relative velocity is discussed. The changing tendencies of the differential interference angle with the parameter of experiment in the molecular beam, including the impact parameter and the velocity are discussed. This theoretical model is important to understand or perform the experiment in the molecular beam. 相似文献
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LI Yong-Qing LI Jian MA Feng-Cai 《理论物理通讯》2006,46(8)
Collisional quantum interference (CQI) was observed in the intramolecular rotational energy transfer in the experiment of the static cell, and the integral interference angles were measured. To observe more precise information, the experiment in the molecular beam should be taken, from which the relationship between the differential interference angle and the scattering angle can be obtained. In this paper, the theoretical model of CQI is described in an atom-diatom system in the condition of the molecular beam, based on the first-Born approximation of time-dependent perturbation theory, taking into accounts the long-range interaction potential. The method of observing and measuring correctly the differential interference angle is presented. The changing tendency of the differential interference angle with the impact parameter and relative velocity is discussed. The changing tendencies of the differential interference angle with the parameter of experiment in the molecular beam, including the impact parameter and the velocity are discussed. This theoretical model is important to understand or perform the experiment in the molecular beam. 相似文献
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《声速测定》是大学物理实验中比较普遍的一个综合性实验。在声速测定实验仪的基础上,改进了信号源,并制作了声悬浮配件,使其实现既可以用多种方式测量声速,又可演示声悬浮实验现象。声悬浮及声速测定实验仪悬浮稳定性强,声速测定准确,仪器造价低,使用方便,这样设计节省了实验室资源和空间。 相似文献
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《中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学(英文版)》2012,(9):1577-1584
In this work,acoustic vector characteristics of near fields scattered by an underwater finite cylindrical baffle are investigated theoretically and experimentally.The analytic expressions for the scattered pressure and particle velocity are derived using the elastic thin shell theory.Calculations are presented for the scattered near fields of the pressure,the particle velocity and the intensity.It is found that the pressure and the particle velocity fields near the surface of the cylindrical baffle are characterized by complex interference structure,particle velocity directions and the source bearings are not consistent.The phase difference between the pressure and the particle velocity is not zero and the intensity vector does not reflect the sound bearings.It can be noted that the distortions of the fields will make the original vector signal processing method based on the free space assumption be no longer applicable in the presence of the cylindrical baffle.These results can serve as a basis of the application for the acoustic vector sensor on board. 相似文献
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声场频谱的频率漂移曲线可以用来监测内波。由于简正波幅度剧烈起伏带来的干扰,目前尚无从实验数据中提取频移曲线的有效算法.提出了一种依据实测声学传播数据提取频移曲线的算法。借助于简正波过滤技术,该算法利用相关法从简正波相角之差中提取频率漂移曲线。利用该算法提取的频移曲线与内波导致的跃层起伏具有很高的相似性,这在2011年黄海实验中得到了验证。该算法的优点是可以保留简正波相位差变化导致的频移曲线信息,同时又能有效地抑制简正波幅度起伏带来的干扰,但是需要良好的接收阵阵型来保证简正波分离。 相似文献