激光大气闪烁的间歇特征

 以小波变换法观察了湍流大气中激光光强起伏的间歇特征, 并用奇性测度进行了定量的描述。根据间歇性参量的周日变化规律发现：激光大气闪烁的间歇性存在于所有的时间和起伏条件下,并且保持稳定,间歇性参量约为0.1,基本不随起伏条件和时间变化。     

高能碰撞中的间歇与混沌

通过研究随机级联α模型,证明了对于固定的动力学起伏强度,多粒子末态相空问有间歇现象,但是没有混沌现象.只有当不同事件的动力学起伏强度不同时才能同时观察到多粒子末态的间歇与混沌行为.这说明,在高能碰撞中,分形与混沌是两个相互联系但又不同的非线性动力学性质.     

逐事件分析中高阶矩统计起伏的消除

逐事件分析是目前高能重离子碰撞研究中受到广泛注意的方法.由于单个事件的粒子数有限,在运用这一方法时,首先要解决统计起伏的消除问题.在现有文献中只讨论过低阶矩(最高到三阶)统计起伏的消除.本文研究了高阶矩中统计起伏的消除,给出了普遍公式.     

双喷注事件中单个喷注内部动力学起伏的蒙特卡洛研究

用蒙特卡洛方法研究了91.2GeV e⁺e^－碰撞产生的双喷注事件中单个喷注内部的动力学起伏.结果表明,喷注内部的动力学起伏的各向异性随着截断参数y_cut的变化而明显地改变.存在一个转变点,在该点处动力学起伏在纵横平面是各向异性的,而在横平面是各向同性的.由此得到了产生喷注的一个标度.     

实际大气中激光强度起伏的全年统计特征

对实际湍流大气中的激光强度起伏了系统的实验观测,详细分析了光强起伏的强度概率密度分布与功率谱的统计特征及春周日,全年变化规律。同时分析了探测器件的饱和铲应结果的影响。     

相对论重离子碰撞中逐事件横动量起伏的蒙特卡洛研究

用蒙特卡罗模型研究了相对论重离子碰撞中逐事件横动量起伏与多重数的关联, 发现蒙特卡罗产生器,HIJING,不能描述实验现象. 提出了一个简单的蒙特卡罗模型, 可以与实验一致, 有助于理解逐事件横动量起伏与多重数关联的动力学起源.     

非简并参量下转换中信号模的起伏谱

利用线性Langevin方程和谱矩阵,采用全量子方法讨论了非简并参量下转换中,腔外信号模在阈值以上和阈值以下的起伏谱,得出在这一过程中信号模与闲置模通常处于最小测不准态.     

原子无序起伏对C60的影响

用高斯型分布的独立无规参数模拟起因于热涨落等原因的格点原子无序起伏，并用对大量彼此独立的原子无序起伏方式采样取平均的方法，研究了原子无序起伏对光激发和电子转移C₆₀的键长和格点电子密度分布的影响．得到了C₆₀中键长和格点电子密度相对于原子无序起伏强度、额外电荷数目和种类的分布曲线．发现：1）在C₆₀的长、短键之差等于0.0044nm，格点原子无序起伏强度为0—0.01nm时，C₆₀中的二聚化结构仍然存在．2）在格点原子 关键词：     

大气湍流对激光通信系统的影响

从分析激光在大气湍流场中的传输方程出发,忽略系统中的其它噪声,仅考虑由大气喘流引起的系统误码率,讨论了激光信号在传输过程中的振幅起伏以及强度起伏;推导出由大气湍流引起的光强起伏和系统误码率的关系,结果表明:在弱起伏条件下,对于系统误码率为10－9以下的要求,光强起伏应小于0.67;随着湍流强度C2n的增大,误码率增加很快;采用长波长的激光进行传输可以有效地降低系统误码率.     

复杂传播路径条件下激光光强起伏特性研究

对复杂地形情况下实际湍流大气中的激光强度起伏进行了系统的实验观测,分析了光强起伏统计特征的周日及全年变化规律。结果发现：复杂地形情况下实际湍流大气中的激光光强起伏,不论是概率密度分布还是其功率谱等统计特征均与理论上的偏离很大。     

A study of the dynamical-fluctuation property inside jets in e+e- collisions

A study of the dynamical-fluctuation property of 2-jet events is carried out. It is found that the dynamical fluctuations of the hadronic system inside 2-jet events change with the variation of the cut parameter ycut. There is a transition point, where the dynamical fluctuations in these systems are circular in the transverse plane; and are elliptical in the longitudinal-transverse planes. It is shown that this transition point corresponds to the scale of visible jets. Meanwhile, the dynamical fluctuation properties inside a single-jet in 2-jet and 3-jet events are compared. The dynamical fluctuations inside quark- and gluon-jets are found to be qualitatively different. A scale for the "visible gluon jet" production is thus obtained.     

Localization and fluctuations in quantum kicked rotors

We address the issue of fluctuations, about an exponential line shape, in a pair of one-dimensional kicked quantum systems exhibiting dynamical localization. An exact renormalization scheme establishes the fractal character of the fluctuations and provides a method to compute the localization length in terms of the fluctuations. In the case of a linear rotor, the fluctuations are independent of the kicking parameter k and exhibit self-similarity for certain values of the quasienergy. For given k, the asymptotic localization length is a good characteristic of the localized line shapes for all quasienergies. This is in stark contrast to the quadratic rotor, where the fluctuations depend upon the strength of the kicking and exhibit local "resonances." These resonances result in strong deviations of the localization length from the asymptotic value. The consequences are particularly pronounced when considering the time evolution of a packet made up of several quasienergy states.     

Scale-free topologies and activatory-inhibitory interactions

A simple model of activatory-inhibitory interactions controlling the activity of agents (substrates) through a "saturated response" dynamical rule in a scale-free network is thoroughly studied. After discussing the most remarkable dynamical features of the model, namely fragmentation and multistability, we present a characterization of the temporal (periodic and chaotic) fluctuations of the quasi-stasis asymptotic states of network activity. The double (both structural and dynamical) source of entangled complexity of the system temporal fluctuations, as an important partial aspect of the correlation structure-function problem, is further discussed in light of the numerical results, with a view on potential applications of these general results.     

Net charge fluctuations at RHIC

We present measurements of dynamical net charge fluctuations in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt {s_{NN} } = 20$ , 62, 130 and 200 GeV using the measure ν _+?,dyn. We observe the dynamical fluctuations are finite at all energies, and do not exhibit dependence on beam energy. We find net charge fluctuations violate the trivial 1/N scaling expected for nuclear collisions consisting of independent nucleon-nucleon interactions. We also find dynamical fluctuations exhibit sizable dependence of the pseudo-rapidity and azimuthal ranges of integration. We compare measured data with transport models and a toy model invoking radial flow, and show the bulk of the measured correlations can be accounted for by resonance production and radial collective flow.     

高能强子–强子碰撞喷注内部动力学起伏的自仿射分析

对CERN-SppS对撞机能区的质子–反质子碰撞事件中产生的喷注(微喷注)内部的动力学起伏进行了自仿射分析.按圆锥法判定由蒙特卡洛事件产生器产生的事件样本中的喷注(微喷注).通过一维阶乘矩的研究得到自仿射的赫斯特指数.按照所得到的赫斯特指数进行三维自仿射分析,在双对数图上得到较好的直线.从而进一步证明,喷注内部的动力学起伏近似地和SPS静止靶强子–强子碰撞中的动力学起伏一样,呈现为纵–横各向异性,而在横平面内各向同性.     

Mössbauer effect in proteins

In proteins, the M?ssbauer effect and neutron scattering show a broad line and a rapid increase of the conformational mean-square displacement above about 180?K. The increase, dubbed the "dynamical transition," is controversial. We introduce a new interpretation of the M?ssbauer effect in proteins and demonstrate that no dynamical transition is required. The increase in the mean-square displacement and the broad line are caused by fluctuations in the protein's hydration shell. Using the dielectric spectrum of these fluctuations, we predict the shape of the M?ssbauer spectrum from 80 to 295?K with one dimensionless coefficient.     

Fast anomalous diffusion of small hydrophobic species in water

Using Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics a structural diffusion mechanism for the simplest hydrophobic species in water, an H atom, is proposed. The hydrophobic solvation cavity is a highly dynamical aggregate that actually drives, by its own hydrogen-bond fluctuations, the diffusion of the enclosed solute. This makes possible an anomalously fast diffusion that falls only short of that of "Grotthuss structural diffusion" of H+ in water. Here, the picture of a static, i.e., "iceberglike," clathrate cage is a misleading concept. The uncovered scenario is similar to the "dynamical hole mechanism" found in a very different context, that is, large molecules moving in hot polymeric melts.     

Stochastic analyses of the dynamics of generalized Little-Hopfield-Hemmen type neural networks

Stochastic analyses are conducted of model neural networks of the generalized Little-Hopfield-Hemmen type, in which the synaptic connections with linearly embeddedp sets of patterns are free of symmetric ones, and a Glauber dynamics of a Markovian type is assumed. Two kinds of approaches are taken to study the stochastic dynamical behavior of the network system. First, by developing the method of the nonlinear master equation in the thermodynamic limitN, an exact self-consistent equation is derived for the time evolultion of the pattern overlaps which play the role of the order parameters of the system. The self-consistent equation is shown to describe almost completely the macroscopic dynamical behavior of the network system. Second, conducting the system-size expansion of the master equation for theN-body probability distribution of the Glauber dynamics makes it possible to analyze the fluctuations. In the course of the analysis, the self-consistent equation for the pattern overlaps is derived again. The main result of the rigorous fluctuation analysis is that as far as the fluctuations are concerned, the time course of the pattern overlap fluctuations behaves independently of the fluctuations in the remaining modes of the system's macrovariables, in accordance with the self-determining property of the macroscopic motion of the pattern overlaps for neural networks with linear synaptic couplings.     

Multifragmentation of target in Si–AgBr interactions at 14.5 A GeV—self affine or self similar

Nature of dynamical fluctuations of target evaporated slow particles is investigated in both forward and backward emission angular zones in the framework of multi-dimensional factorial moment methodology using the concept of Hurst exponent. Our analysis on target fragments emitted in ²⁸Si–AgBr interactions at 14.5 A GeV reveals the hint of self-affine dynamical fluctuations in the forward emission angular zone. However in the backward emission angular zone it cannot be unambiguously stated whether the nature of dynamical fluctuations is self affine in nature or self similar. This work further shows the presence of stronger intermittent type of fluctuations in the forward hemisphere.     

Quantum fluctuations and the closing of the Coulomb gap in a correlated insulator

The "switchable mirror" yttrium hydride is one of the few strongly correlated systems with a continuous Mott-Hubbard metal-insulator transition. We systematically map out the low temperature electrical transport from deep in the insulator to the quantum critical point using persistent photoconductivity as a drive parameter. Both activated hopping over a Coulomb gap and power-law quantum fluctuations must be included to describe the data. Collapse of the data onto a universal curve within a dynamical scaling framework (with corrections) requires znu=6.0+/-0.5, where nu and z are the static and dynamical critical exponents, respectively.