CGNS API和FVM在非结构混合网格计算中的应用

用CGNS API（CFD General Notation System Application Programming Interface）作为非结构混合网格求解器的前处理和后处理，用FVM（Finite Volume Method）作为偏微分方程求解方法．在前处理过程中，用hash表法对内部网格面和边界网格面进行编号，并计算出相应的几何信息，以满足FVM求解器的需要．从FVM求解器计算出来的各种场信息可以写入原来的CGNS文件，该文件可以被许多专业商业后处理软件（如Tecplot，Fluent，CFX等）读取和进行可视化；对于求解器，用基于网格中心的FVM及SIMPLEC（Semi Implicit Methodfor Pressure Linked Equation Consistent）方法求解压力速度耦合．最后给出两个说明算例．     

激光传输模拟中基于衍射过程FFT算法的参量优化

为实现采用相位屏法正确模拟准直激光束经湍流大气的传输特性,根据湍流特性、抽样定理以及两屏间衍射过程FFT算法本身所决定的相邻两屏网格间距之间的关系,得出相位屏间距和网格间距确定网格数目最优取值的解析表达式,数值模拟高斯光束经自由空间和湍流大气传输的远场分布,网格数目取解析式求得的最优值848时,光束经自由空间传输的模拟结果与ABCD定律求得的解析结果完全一致;网格数目取836或860时,等效于光束通过偶数相位屏时被正透镜或负透镜阵列会聚或发散,削弱或夸大湍流大气对光束的影响,模拟结果出现严重偏差。     

Ⅱ－Ⅵ族应变层超晶格的X射线衍射分析

本文报导了用计算机控制的衍射仪（ＣｕＫα辐射）测量的金属有机化学汽相沉淀（ＭＯＣＶＤ）方法生长的Ⅱ－Ⅵ族应变层超晶格的Ｘ射线衍射曲线，观察到了超晶格结构的多级卫星峰，且卫星峰的强度随角度呈周期性变化．对这种卫星峰形成包络的衍射曲线，用Ｘ射线运动学衍射理论进行了分析和讨论，这种讨论有助于理解Ｘ射线衍射曲线中卫星峰的形成．同时用光致发光和包络峰宽度的方法估算了样品的结构参数．     

用二元光学技术制作计算全息波面变换元件

基于计算全息原理与二元光学技术设计制作了应用于机载平视显示器（HUD）中的计算全息波面变换元件,该元件具有较高的衍射效率,一块二元相位型计算全息元件的衍射效率比一般计算全息图的衍射效率提高了四倍,并能产生传统光学元件不能实现的光学波面,如非球面,环状面和锥面等,制作工艺简单,复制简便。     

菲涅耳衍射和分数傅里叶变换

介绍了衍射孔的菲涅耳衍射和分数傅里叶变换的对应关系,使得可以用分数傅里叶变换来描述光由原始光场经过菲涅耳衍射区一直到无穷远处夫琅禾费衍射区的自由空间标量衍射传播全过程。     

基于快速傅里叶变换和汉克耳变换的逆阿贝尔变换

激光等离子体实验中的轴对称的Ｘ光的体发射强度及光学全息干涉的测量,需要采用逆阿贝尔（Ａｂｅｌ）变换。用快速傅里叶变换（ＦＦＴ）和汉克耳（Ｈａｎｋｅｌ）变换的算法数值求解逆阿贝尔变换,具有精度高、可在频域内滤波的特点。     

二维拉氏自适应流体动力学（LAD2D）软件研制

二维拉氏自适应流体动力学软件LAD2D，是采用建立在拉氏自适应结构和非结构网格上的有限体积格式，可以计算平面二维和柱对称二维多物质大变形弹塑性流体动力学问题。LAD2D软件系统主要由5部分组成：主控程序、数据模块、前处理模块、主体计算模块、网格模块和后处理模块。其中主体计算采用了结构网格与非结构网格联合使用的拉氏网格体系，计算格式采用了有限体积格式。网格模块包括网格生成、自适应网格加密（AMR技术）和网格重分技术，以及网格改变后物理量守恒重映技术。LAD2D软件系统由主体程序、二维网格生成程序（GRID2D）、二维自适应网格加密程序（AMR2D）、二维自适应程序（ADAPT2D）f[I-维物理量重映程序（REMAP2D）组成。     

基于Matlab的二维正交网格夫琅禾费衍射场模拟分析

二维正交网格夫琅禾费衍射场的计算较为复杂,衍射过程抽象,利用Matlab软件对其进行模拟分析,以便整体掌握二维正交网格衍射场的分布特点.用于夫琅禾费衍射的二维正交网格相当于两块黑白光栅的正交密接,其屏函数为二者之积.夫琅禾费衍射场能准确地实现屏函数的傅里叶变换,其中空间频率与场点坐标满足确定的替换关系,进而可计算出衍射场的光强分布.利用傅里叶变换的基本理论与Matlab软件计算模拟二维正交网格的夫琅禾费衍射场的频率域光强分布,分析光学参数变化对衍射场的影响,加深对光衍射及傅里叶变换理论的理解与掌握,为该领域的研究人员提供相应的理论与技术借鉴.     

二维阵列光场衍射自成像效应的倒格矢分析

基于衍射的角谱理论,分析了一般二维周期阵列光场的衍射特性.提出了一种用阵列光场的倒格矢来研究和描述衍射自成像（或泰伯效应）的方法.给出了用倒格矢表示的一般衍射自成像条件.在此基础上,对典型的非正交六方型二维周期阵列光场的泰伯效应和分数泰伯效应进行了定量分析和计算机模拟.     

用中子衍射法测定锡石(SnO_2)的晶体结构

本文用中子衍射法测量了 ＳｎＯ２单晶［００１］晶带的 ２９个衍射峰,用富利叶综合法进行了 计算,得出ＳｎＯ２在（００１）的原子核密度投影,由此求出了氧原子坐标参数ｘ＝０．３０６±０．００１．     

高斯光束经环形光栅的衍射特性分析

基于傅里叶-贝塞尔变换计算高斯光束垂直入射环形光栅时的衍射远场分布,分析了其衍射远场光强分布的一般规律,并与平面波入射时的情况进行了比较.计算结果表明：当光栅半径为1.5倍高斯光束束腰半径时, 随着光栅环数的增加,中央亮斑半值全宽先减小后增大、中央亮斑所包含的功率占总功率的比值减小、中央主极大光强值减小,三者的变化趋势与平面波入射时的趋势一致;中央亮斑半径、次极大光强值变化趋势与平面波入射时的变化趋势不同.当环数小于5时,高斯光束经过环形光栅的衍射场光强变化无规律;当环数大于10后两种情况下衍射场光强变化都不明显;当环数趋于无穷时中央亮斑半径、中央亮斑半值全宽、次极大光强值趋于圆孔衍射(环数等于1)时的值,中央亮斑所包含的功率占总功率的比值约等于圆孔衍射时的1/2,中央主极大光强值约等于圆孔衍射时的1/4.     

菲涅耳圆孔衍射计算机模拟演示的实现

为了克服菲涅耳衍射积分计算的复杂性和因光波频率高而导致的采样点数目巨大两大难题,利用Hankel变换算法,将二维计算变换为一维计算,并利用球面波因子处理,在普通PC上实现了菲涅耳圆孔衍射的计算机模拟演示．     

Diagnostics of gold-containing surgical-dressing materials with X-ray and synchrotron radiation

An analysis of biocompatible and antibacterial Au-gauze nanocomposites for medical purposes using X-ray and synchrotron radiation is conducted. The samples are produced by the modification of medical cotton gauze by Au organosol in isopropanol, which is synthesized via the metal-vapor method. The nanocomposites are examined with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, as well as with X-ray adsorption diffraction spectroscopy (EXAFS/XANES) and small-angle X-ray scattering using synchrotron radiation.     

Light diffraction features in an ordered monolayer of spheres

The structure and optical diffraction properties of monolayers of monodisperse spheres crystallized on transparent dielectric substrates are studied. Two types of diffraction phenomena are considered: surface light diffraction on the lattice of spheres and waveguide resonances in the monolayer plane. For experimental study of these phenomena, optical retroreflection and transmission spectra are measured as functions of the light incidence angle and azimuthal orientation of the incidence plane. The monolayer structures determined by scanning electron microscopy and light diffraction methods are in quantitative agreement. It is concluded that one-dimensional Fraunhofer diffraction is applicable to describe surface diffraction in the hexagonal lattice of spheres. In the case of oblique light incidence, anisotropy of diffraction and transmission spectra depending on the light incidence plane orientation with respect to the sphere lattice and linear polarization of incident light is detected. Waveguide resonances of the planar two-dimensional photonic crystal are approximated within the light diffraction model in the “empty” hexagonal lattice. The best approximation of the waveguide resonance dispersion is achieved using the effective refractive index, depending on the wavelength. Surface diffraction suppression by waveguide resonances of the photonic crystal is demonstrated. Surface diffraction orders are identified as diffraction at singular points of the Brillouin zone of the planar twodimensional photonic crystal.     

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF DIFFRACTIVE PROPERTIES OF WAVELENGTH-SIZED SINGLE GROOVE IN Si-Si3N4 SUBSTRATE

Experimental results are presented for the diffractive properties of wavelength-sized single groove in Si-Si₃N₄ substrate. The experimental results show that the diffraction of wavelength-sized single grooves in a non-perfectly conducting material is more complex than that of perfectly conducting material. The diffraction intensities change with the change of polarization angle of the incident light. The diffraction intensities for TM polarization light are larger as the groove width is larger. The diffraction intensities of TM polarization light decrease gradually and that of TE polarization light increase gradually when the groove width is close to the wavelength of the incident light. The variations of diffraction intensities are quite different not only for various grooves with different widths but also for different diffraction angles for the same groove. Although the intensity variation of each diffraction order has a very regular sinusoidal dependence on the polarization angles of the incident light, the variation phase of each diffraction order is not all the same.     

利用保角变换实现环形光栅的Talbot效应

Talbot效应是一种近场自成像效应,通常只有周期光栅可以产生Talbot效应,而环形光栅无法产生.本文通过引入保角变换,发现可以在环形光栅外部设计适当的折射率渐变层介质,使得其中也能够产生严格的Talbot效应,并计算了对应的自成像半径表达式.本文利用FDTD软件分别将一个环形光栅放置在真空中以及人工设计的折射率渐变层中进行了模拟,并对二者的结果进行了比较分析,发现这种折射率渐变层介质确实对点光源入射的环形光栅的自成像情况有着很好的改善.希望这一工作能够推广Talbot效应的应用范围.     

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF DIFFRACTIVE PROPERTIES OF WAVELENGTH-SIZED SINGLE GROOVE IN Si-Si3N4 SUBSTRATE

Experimental results are presented for the diffractive properties of wavelength-sized single groove in Si-Si₃N₄ substrate. The experimental results show that the diffraction of wavelength-sized single grooves in a non-perfectly conducting material is more complex than that of perfectly conducting material. The diffraction intensities change with the change of polarization angle of the incident light. The diffraction intensities for TM polarization light are larger as the groove width is larger. The diffraction intensities of TM polarization light decrease gradually and that of TE polarization light increase gradually when the groove width is close to the wavelength of the incident light. The variations of diffraction intensities are quite different not only for various grooves with different widths but also for different diffraction angles for the same groove. Although the intensity variation of each diffraction order has a very regular sinusoidal dependence on the polarization angles of the incident light, the variation phase of each diffraction order is not all the same.     

夫琅禾费衍射的光谱特性

基于MATLAB语言,以夫琅禾费衍射为研究对象,数值模拟了夫琅禾费圆孔衍射和单缝衍射光谱特性,通过改变狭缝宽度和入射波的波长,数值模拟得到夫琅禾费单缝衍射的光强变化图和光谱特性图。结果表明,圆孔衍射的光强比单缝衍射的光强曲线在次级明纹的强度更加低,夫琅禾费衍射的结论与实际理论和试验吻合的较好。研究结果为夫琅禾费衍射的研究提供参考。     

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF DIFFRACTIVE PROPERTIES OF WAVELENGTH-SIZED SINGLE GROOVES COATED WITH GOLD FILM

We have gained a very comprehensive set of results for infrared diffraction (10.6 μm wavelength) from fabricated single grooves of reflection with widths in the range of 5μm to 65μm. The experimental results show that the diffraction can still occur when the groove width becomes comparable to or less than the wavelength of the probing light. Variations of the diffraction intensities have a very regular sinusoidal relationship with the polarization angle of the incident light; and the diffraction intensities are the maximal when the incident light is TM polarized. However, the diffraction intensities will be a minimum when the incident light is TE polarized; and the bigger the diffraction angle, the higher the rate of change of the diffractive intensity with increasing polarization angle of the incident light.