肿瘤组织傅里叶变换红外光谱诊断方法的比较研究

在前期的肿瘤组织红外光谱诊断方法研究中,采用水平衰减全反射(ATR)红外光谱诊断法在多种肿瘤组织样品中取得了与病理诊断很好符合的实验结果;针对文献报道中多采用的显微红外光谱法,文章对同一肿瘤组织样品应用两种方法采集红外光谱,比较测量条件及光谱诊断结果,研究结果表明ATR法主要测量了整块组织的光谱信息,避免了组织结构不均一,微区采样扫描取点少对光谱诊断结果的影响,获得的光谱可以为临床应用提供判断依据。     

傅里叶变换中红外光谱法检测脑膜瘤的研究

采用傅里叶变换衰减全反射中红外光谱法检测了24例液氮冻存的脑膜瘤离体样品(其中良性肿瘤12例,有恶性倾向的肿瘤12例),对得到的红外光谱进行整理分析,发现不同类型脑膜瘤组织(如纤维型脑膜瘤和内皮型脑膜瘤)的红外光谱存在着差异,并且同一种类型的脑膜瘤组织,其恶性倾向的程度不同,他们的红外光谱也表现出较为明显的区别,因此,我们可以从各个特征吸收峰的峰位、峰形及峰强等信息的变化来区分脑膜瘤,并可以初步鉴别脑膜瘤的性质;研究结果发现,通过某些特征吸收峰(如1 160cm-1)峰位的变化来鉴别脑膜瘤的性质与病理诊断结果的符合率大于85%,说明傅里叶变换衰减全反射中红外光谱法有可能发展成为一种对样品无损伤、快速的脑肿瘤诊断新方法。     

中红外光纤技术用于肿瘤在体原位诊断的研究

本文采用傅里叶变换红外光谱法与中红外光纤及ATR探头联用,首次实现了肿瘤组织的在体原位检测,即在有血液循环的活体组织中获得了具有很好信噪比的中红外光谱。实验结果表明在体原位的正常和肿瘤组织的光谱特征同我们先前液氮冰冻样品以及新鲜离体检测的结果是相似的,即符合液氮和新鲜离体样品研究中所得到的鉴别癌症与正常组织光谱变化规律,例如图1所列出的肠癌的原位在体光谱,与离体癌变组织光谱相似,这一创新结果表明中红外光纤-红外光谱仪联用可能发展成一种外科手术中无损、快速、准确的在体检测的方法。     

红外光谱法和主成分分析法用于胃组织癌变的检测

研究了 2 1例胃组织光谱 ,根据病理检测结果 ,其中 11例为癌变组织 ,10例为正常组织。根据已有的红外光谱判别方法得到的结果和病理分析结果基本一致 ,只有 1例 (第 10号样品 )为过渡态 ,非典型癌症。同时对 2 1条被测光谱进行了主成分分析 (PCA)。主成分分析结果表明第一主成分可以用来区别胃正常组织和癌变组织光谱。图 4明确地显示了第 10号样品处于过渡态 ,PCA方法的判别结果与红外光谱解析结果基本一致。研究结果表明傅里叶变换红外光谱法与主成分分析方法都可以对良性和恶性胃组织进行鉴别诊断 ,如果两种方法相结合可以提高检测准确率 ,有望发展成为一种肿瘤临床诊断新方法     

SIMCA法在中红外癌症检测技术中的应用

人体肿瘤的中红外光谱法早期检测是生物医学领域的前沿课题之一。研究了中红外FTIR光谱技术与化学计量方法 (模式识别技术 )相结合对人体恶性肿瘤进行检测的方法 ,并讨论了如何通过采用光谱预处理方法以及波长范围的选择来提高模式识别技术 (SIMCA法 )分类判别效果。研究了 6 3个胃癌病人的癌变组织和癌旁正常组织光谱 ,选择有代表性的 4 0个样品作为训练集 ,剩余的 2 3个样品作为预测集 ,该方法的准确率为 91%。这一研究结果表明傅里叶变换红外光谱法与化学计量学方法相结合可以对良、恶性组织进行鉴别诊断 ,有希望发展成为一种肿瘤快速诊断的新方法。     

FTIR-ATR法快速鉴定T-PVC

以环己酮为溶剂 ,无水乙醇为沉淀剂 ,溶解 -沉淀法消除增塑剂的干扰 ,以锗晶体为反射晶体 ,衰减全反射红外光谱法定性测定聚氯乙烯成分。该法简单、快速、安全、准确。     

衰减全反射红外光谱用于人乳腺癌组织的研究

通过对32例人乳腺良、恶性肿瘤的衰减全反射红外光谱的对比研究发现,它们之间存在明显而规律的光谱差异,反映了乳腺良、恶性病变组织中,蛋白质、核酸和脂类等生物大分子的构型与构象以及相对含量上的差别.研究表明:傅里叶变换红外光谱可以从分子水平上揭示良、恶性肿瘤的分子结构信息,极有潜力成为一种临床原位诊断肿瘤的新方法.     

红外光谱法检测生物大分子损伤的研究进展

红外光谱技术由于其灵敏度高和对样品的非破坏性等优点已成为研究生物大分子损伤的重要工具。蛋白质、脂质和核酸等受到损伤时,其红外光谱特征吸收峰的峰位、峰型和峰强会发生变化,这为检测生物大分子损伤并进一步揭示相关疾病的发生、发展及早期预防提供了依据。还综述了近年来使用红外光谱法检测生物大分子损伤的研究进展,介绍了利用傅里叶变换红外光谱、衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱和傅里叶红外显微等技术在蛋白质二级结构、膜脂流动性和离子通透性以及药物对DNA的作用机制等领域的应用,以及相关的定性和定量分析方法进行了评述,提出了目前红外光谱分析技术中存在的问题,并对今后红外光谱在生物医学领域中的应用前景作了展望,指出疾病早期诊断、红外光谱联用以及定量分析技术等将成为红外光谱领域未来的研究热点。     

惊恐对鼠体组织损伤和中药保护机理的FTIR光谱法研究

首次利用微钻石衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱法 (ATR/FTIR)研究了天敌惊恐对小鼠组织的损伤。结果表明 :惊恐后小鼠肾与足表面脂类化合物明显增高 ;服用补肾天然药物后 ,与正常对照组相比 ,脂类化合物变化不明显 ,进而说明药补可缓和压力 ,起到一定的调节作用。惊恐后小鼠心、肝和脑组织的红外谱没有变化 ,这是因为各个脏器对皮质激素的敏感程度不完全一样。     

傅里叶变换衰减全反射红外光谱法鉴定皮革产品

ATR-FTIR(傅里叶变换衰减全反射红外光谱法)技术分析皮革材料的结构,依据不同物质所得ATR谱的不同,从而快速、简便地分析出真皮革和人造革。该实验技术对样品具有非破坏性,能够准确地对皮革样品进行鉴定。     

Signs of antimetastatic activity of palladium complexes of methylenediphosphonic acid in IR spectra

We have used Fourier transform IR spectroscopy methods to study normal mouse lung tissue and also after subcutaneous transplantation of a B-16 melanoma tumor in the tissue. We also studied tissues with B-16 melanoma after they were treated with coordination compounds based on palladium complexes of methylenediphosphonic acid. The IR spectra of the lung tissues with metastases in the region of the C = O stretching vibrations are different from the IR spectra of normal tissue. We identified spectroscopic signs of the presence of metastases in the lung. We show that when a cancerous tumor is treated with a preparation of palladium complexes of methylenediphosphonic acid, the spectroscopic signs of the presence of metastases in the lung are missing. After treatment with the optimal dose of this drug, the IR spectrum of the lung tissue in which multiple metastases were present before treatment corresponds to the spectrum of normal tissue. We have determined the efficacy of the antitumor activity of coordination compounds based on palladium complexes of methylenediphosphonic acid.     

FT‐Raman spectroscopy—a rapid and reliable quantification protocol for the determination of natural indigo dye in Polygonum tinctorium

In the recent years, Raman and IR spectroscopies have attracted increasing attention as fast, non‐invasive and widely applicable alternative analytical approaches for a variety of materials. Vibrational spectroscopy has been used in the analysis of herbal products, dyes and sensitive art objects, besides complex and aqueous biomaterials such as biopolymers or mammalian tissue. Compared to conventional analytical methods based on high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or gas chromatography, which often involves extensive and time‐consuming sample preparation, Raman or IR spectroscopy can avoid these procedures. The present work introduces a fast and reliable quantification method for the determination of naturally occurring indigo dye in dyer's knotweed (Polygonum tinctorium) based on Fourier transform (FT) Raman spectroscopy. The results were validated by HPLC‐UV, and the merits and drawbacks of the present method are elaborated. Besides the qualitative aspects of signal assignment and comparison to appropriate attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FT‐IR) measurements, the Raman spectrum of dihydro indigo, an important intermediate in the indigo dying process, is presented for the first time and discussed with regard to its spectroscopic behaviour. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

液体物质红外光谱的简便测试方法研究

红外(IR)光谱是液体物质定性分析的重要工具。液体IR光谱常用液膜法制样、透射(TR)法测试,所需用的盐窗价格昂贵、易受力或受潮开裂且表面清洁不彻底或划伤容易造成测试干扰,而且可拆卸液体池安装麻烦,进样时混入空气也会造成测试干扰。研究液体物质红外光谱的简便测试方法,比较改进的TR法(用在一次性压制的KBr片上涂覆液体的涂片法制样)与衰减全反射(ATR)法在液体IR光谱测试中的优劣。选取6种挥发性、吸水性、腐蚀性不同的液体试剂,采用改进的TR法和ATR法测试其IR光谱,比较两种方法所测谱图,并与SDBS谱库中谱图进行比较;同时研究扫描次数和分辨率对ATR法测试谱图的影响。结果发现,两种方法用于液体IR的定性分析都很准确。改进的TR法简化了制样过程且避免了清洁盐窗,降低了成本,但水的干扰仍难以避免;相比之下,ATR法无需制样,更简便、快速,水的干扰基本可以忽略,虽然谱图的整体强度和精细程度不如TR法,但通过提高分辨率、增加扫描次数可得到高质量的谱图。对于易挥发液体,用改进的TR法和ATR法测试时需加大液体用量;对于强酸性和/或腐蚀性液体,建议采用改进的TR法测试;对于吸湿性液体,用ATR法测试的谱图更容易解析。相比之下,除强酸性和/或腐蚀性液体外,其余液体物质皆可用ATR法快速完成IR光谱的准确检测。     

基于红外光谱技术的混合气体检测系统概述

为了给从事红外混合气体检测领域的研究人员提供一定的借鉴与参考,针对红外混合气体检测系统中的光学复用结构以及检测方法进行了详细评述。目前,以量子级联激光器(QCL)、带间级联激光器(ICL)为代表的相干光源已逐渐取代热辐射红外光源、红外发光二极管(LED)等传统非相干光源,成为红外混合气体检测中的主流光源。相应地,具有超高探测度和极短响应时间的红外光探测器也逐渐超越以往的红外热探测器,占据红外探测器领域的主导地位。基于“复用思想”的光学复用结构则是红外混合气体检测系统的核心,主要包括单光源复用检测结构和多光源复用检测结构。其中,单光源复用检测结构以其体积小、集成度高等优点成为构建便携式混合气体检测系统的重要选择;而多光源复用检测结构是时分复用、频分复用、波分复用等思想的具体化,并凭借其较宽的光谱覆盖范围、较高的光谱分辨率等优势成为当前混合气体检测系统中的主导结构。应用于红外混合气体检测的检测方法主要有非分光红外(NDIR)光谱技术、波长/频率调制光谱技术、腔增强光谱技术以及光声光谱技术等。研究人员可通过对红外混合气体检测系统各组成部分充分了解后,设计出实用的红外混合气体检测系统,对工农业生产、环境监测、生命科学等诸多领域都具有重要意义。     

IR Spectroscopic signs of malignant neoplasms in the thyroid gland

We use Fourier transform IR spectroscopy to study thyroid tumor tissues which were removed during surgery. The IR spectra of the tissues with pathological foci are compared with data from histologic examination. In the region of N–H, C–H, and C = O stretching vibrations, the IR spectra of the tissues for thyroid cancer are different from the IR spectra of tissues without malignant formations. We identify the spectral signs of thyroid cancer. We show that IR analysis is promising for identification of thyroid pathology at the molecular level.     

蔬菜农药残留检测的红外光谱法研究

对常用高残留农药敌百虫和敌敌畏在蔬菜汁溶剂中的中红外衰减全反射光谱 (ATR)数据进行了研究。在中红外两种农药特征吸收区域 ,蔬菜中的各种色素对农药的特征吸收基本没有干扰 ;农药在蔬菜汁溶液中与在标准试剂溶液中反映出基本相同的吸收特性。研究结果表明 ,应用红外光谱技术可以直接对蔬菜上的农药残留进行检测 ,通过农药在水中的吸收建立模型来模拟其在蔬菜体内的吸收 ,为实现对蔬菜上的农药残留进行快速检测提供了一条可能的途经     

Raman spectral signatures of mouse mammary tissue and associated lymph nodes: normal,tumor and mastitis

Raman spectroscopy involves the interaction of light with the molecular vibrations and therefore can provide information about molecular structure, tissue composition and changes in its environment. We explored whether Raman spectroscopy can reliably distinguish mammary tumors from normal mammary tissues and other pathological states in mice. We analyzed a large number of Raman spectra from the tumor and normal mammary glands of mice injected with 4T1 tumor cells, which were collected using a high‐resolution (less than 4 cm⁻¹) Raman spectrometer at a fixed (785 nm) laser excitation wavelength and with 60 mW of laser power. The spectra of normal and tumor mammary glands showed consistent differences in the intensity of certain Raman bands and loss of some bands in the tumor spectra. Multivariate statistical methods—principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant functional analysis (DFA)—were used to separate the data into different groups of mammary tumors, mastitis, lymph nodes contralateral and tumor‐cell‐injected sides, and normal contralateral and tumor‐cell‐injected sides. We demonstrate that this spectroscopic technique has the feasibility of discriminating tumor and mastitis from normal tissues and other pathological states in a short period of time and may detect tumor transformation earlier than the standard histological examination stage. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

IR spectroscopic methods for diagnosis of oncological pathologies in human tissues (Review)

Modern problems in the diagnosis of oncological pathologies using spectroscopic methods of analysis are considered. Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy methods are illustrated by investigation of tissues of breast, thyroid gland, stomach, kidney, lung, and skin excised during surgical intervention. IR spectra of surgical material are compared with data of histological analysis. Spectra of proteins and lipids in malignant neoplasms differ from those in benign tumors and in tissues beyond the pathological focus. Differences in protein spectra are attributed to changes in the supramolecular structure due to cleavage of intramolecular C=OH–N hydrogen bonds. Differences in IR spectra of lipids in neoplasms, when compared with those in normal tissues, are caused by changes in the structure of side chains of fatty-acid radicals appearing in malignant tumors. Spectral signatures of malignant pathology are revealed.