电子束离子阱中高价态离子演化过程的数值模拟

讨论了电子束离子阱(EBIT)中决定高价态离子演化过程的主要物理机制.对EBIT中高价态离 子的演化过程进行了详细的数值计算并与实验进行了比较.讨论了EBIT各种不同的运行参数 对平衡时高价态离子相对丰度和温度的影响. 关键词： 电子束离子阱 高价态离子 数值模拟     

电子束离子阱对中性气体电荷交换的光谱诊断

在实验室天体物理研究中,电子束离子阱(EBIT)是极端紫外(EUV)和X射线波段能谱分析的重要实验平台,其中EBIT中心残余的中性气体对离子产生存在显著影响。研究了阱区中心残余中性气体对电荷态分布的影响,发现阱区中心残余中性气体和高电荷态离子之间的电荷/能量交换过程不仅影响离子的电荷分布, 而且对激发函数(离子分布比例随电子能量关系曲线)有着极大的影响。利用电离平衡分析方法成功诊断出阱区中心区域残留的中性气体分子数密度,以及内腔室的真空度。     

双辉光离子渗金属——一种新颖的等离子体表面冶金技术

综述了双辉光离子渗金属这一新颖的等离子体表面冶金技术，介绍了双辉光交链增强型放电这一独特的放电现象，讨论了双辉光交链增强的条件和交链增强的机理以及它在双辉光离子渗金属技术中的作用，介绍了双辉光离子渗金属的实验研究结果及在国内工业化推广应用的情况，评述了它的应用前景及在推广应用中应注意的问题。     

量子计算与超冷离子

通过介绍量子计算的基本概念和特点，并对比目前人们使用的计算机的计算方式，对于如何利用囚禁在离子阱中的超冷离子进行量子计算作了简要的叙述．     

离子能量分析器测量特性的仿真研究

针对空间等离子体及其模拟环境、空间原子氧及其模拟环境对离子能谱测量的需要，利用仿真软件COMSOL，对离子能量分析器的低能离子测量特性进行了仿真研究。介绍了离子能量分析器的工作原理，对离子能谱测量过程进行了公式推导。通过对三种待选仪器设计方案进行离子透过率仿真分析，确定了一种较优的仪器设计方案。多种离子温度下的误差分析结果也表明，该设计方案能够较为准确地测量离子能量分布。分析了电场畸变、等离子鞘层、栅网对齐方式和离子温度对测量结果的影响，根据仿真结果对一些仿真实验现象做出了合理的解释。     

振镜法测量等离子体离子温度

 离子温度是托卡马克等离子体一个重要参数，介绍了一套振镜扫描装置，该装置主要由0.5m单色仪和安装在出射狭缝前的振动的石英镜片组成，时间分辨率小于10ms，系统测量误差小于20eV。测量了HT-6M托卡马克CV(227.1nm)谱线的线形，并由谱线的多普勒展宽得出欧姆加热和离子回旋共振加热（ICRH）下的离子温度，结果表明ICRH期间离子温度由200eV升高到300eV。这套装置广泛应用在中小型托卡马克上。     

固体离子学概述

 固体离子学是研究固体中离子行为及其相关应用的科学.它是在七十年代才兴起的新学科。内容包括快离子导体(又叫固体电解质),混合导体(又称电极材料)和它们的应用。它是物理、化学、材料、器件的交叉学科,因而引起广泛领域的科学家和工程师的兴趣和关注.自然界的固态材料依据其导电能力来分类可分为导体、半导体和绝缘体.在不特别指明电荷载流子的情况下,这种分类都是相对于电子(或空穴)的导电能力而言的.     

边角效应对辉离子渗金属加工的影响

在采用双辉光放实施的离子渗金属加工中，存在强烈的边角效应。从等离子体性能入手，在实验研究了这种边角效应，并分析了该种边角效应产生的原因，讨论了它对双辉光放电离子渗金属和加工的影响。     

单离子囚禁和冷却的研究进展

激光冷却和离子囚禁技术的结合为表光谱和量子力学实验提供了非常有用的工具。文章主要介绍了单个囚禁冷却离子的研究动态和发展方向。     

实时单发测量的汤姆逊离子谱仪

介绍一种使用闪烁体耦合电子倍增电荷耦合器件(EMCCD)的方式对离子进行记录的汤姆逊能谱仪,可实现对离子能谱的实时单发测量。同时,该谱仪利用倾斜电极板对离子进行偏转,可减少由于离子打在电极板上产生的电磁噪声,能够提高实验结果的信噪比。该谱仪在北京大学4.5 MV静电加速器和2×6MV串列加速器上进行了标定实验,测量了闪烁体将离子转化成光子后的探测效率,实验结果也验证了该谱仪的可行性和稳定性。该汤姆逊谱仪将用于北京大学激光加速器CLAPA对离子束流的测量研究。     

200KV重离子加速器及其应用

本文介绍一台采用双潘宁型多电荷重离子源的200kV重离子加速器,简述它在GaP光探测器的研制、聚合物材料和金属材料的离子注入改性等方面的研究与应用。     

多电荷离子的电子动量分布和电子剥离截面的数值研究

计算了多电荷离子的电子动量分布和多电荷离子与中性原子碰撞的电子剥离截面。     

Atomic structure and collision dynamics with highly charged ions

The research progresses on the investigations of atomic structure and collision dynamics with highly charged ions based on the heavy ion storage rings and electron ion beam traps in recent 20 years are reviewed. The structure part covers test of quantum electrodynamics and electron correlation in strong Coulomb field studied through dielectronic recombination spectroscopy and VUV/x-ray spectroscopy. The collision dynamics part includes charge exchange dynamics in ion-atom collisions mainly in Bohr velocity region, ion-induced fragmentation mechanisms of molecules, hydrogen-bound and van de Waals bound clusters, interference, and phase information observed in ion-atom/molecule collisions. With this achievements, two aspects of theoretical studies related to low energy and relativistic energy collisions are presented. The applications of data relevant to key atomic processes like dielectronic recombination and charge exchanges involving highly charged ions are discussed. At the end of this review, some future prospects of research related to highly charged ions are proposed.     

HITRAP: A Facility for Experiments with Trapped Highly Charged Ions

HITRAP is a planned ion trap facility for capturing and cooling of highly charged ions produced at GSI in the heavy-ion complex of the UNILAC-SIS accelerators and the ESR storage ring. In this facility heavy highly charged ions up to uranium will be available as bare nuclei, hydrogen-like ions or few-electron systems at low temperatures. The trap for receiving and studying these ions is designed for operation at extremely high vacuum by cooling to cryogenic temperatures. The stored highly charged ions can be investigated in the trap itself or can be extracted from the trap at energies up to about 10 keV/q. The proposed physics experiments are collision studies with highly charged ions at well-defined low energies (eV/u), high-accuracy measurements to determine the g-factor of the electron bound in a hydrogen-like heavy ion and the atomic binding energies of few-electron systems, laser spectroscopy of HFS transitions and X-ray spectroscopy. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

ECR ion source based low energy ion beam facility

Mass analyzed highly charged ion beams of energy ranging from a few keV to a few MeV plays an important role in various aspects of research in modern physics. In this paper a unique low energy ion beam facility (LEIBF) set up at Nuclear Science Centre (NSC) for providing low and medium energy multiply charged ion beams ranging from a few keV to a few MeV for research in materials sciences, atomic and molecular physics is described. One of the important features of this facility is the availability of relatively large currents of multiply charged positive ions from an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) source placed entirely on a high voltage platform. All the electronic and vacuum systems related to the ECR source including 10 GHz ultra high frequency (UHF) transmitter, high voltage power supplies for extractor and Einzel lens are placed on a high voltage platform. All the equipments are controlled using a personal computer at ground potential through optical fibers for high voltage isolation. Some of the experimental facilities available are also described.     

Penning阱中离子谱的优化

根据Penning阱存储离子的探测原理,系统分析了阱内离子信号及信号本身的噪声、实验仪器及探测电路的噪声干扰,采用适当的品质因数和电子束流,得到较高信噪比和分辨率的离子谱。为深入开展Hn^＋（n≥3）对离子的形成机制、离子与中性气体原子或分子碰撞过程等问题的研究创造了更好的条件。     

离子能量和沉积温度对离子束沉积碳膜表面形貌的影响

利用质量分离的低能离子束沉积技术,得到了非晶碳膜.所用离子能量为50—200eV,衬底温度从室温到800℃.在沉积的能量范围内,衬底为室温时薄膜为类金刚石,表面非常光滑;而600℃下薄膜主要是石墨成分,表面粗糙.沉积能量大于140eV,800℃时薄膜表面分立着高度取向的、垂直衬底表面、相互平行的开口碳管.用高分辨电子显微镜看到了石墨平面的垂直择优取向,离子的浅注入和应力是这种优先取向的主要机理. 关键词： 非晶碳 表面形貌 质量分离低能离子束     

Testing atomic structure theories with high accuracy mass measurements on highly charged ions

The mass of a highly charged ion is the sum of the mass of the nucleus, the mass of the electrons and the electronic binding energies. High accuracy mass measurements on highly charged ions in a sequence of different charge states yield informations on atomic binding energies, i.e., the ionisation potentials. In our contribution we discuss the possibility of determining atomic binding energies of highly charged ions to better than 20 eV via cyclotron frequency measurements in a Penning trap. At this level of accuracy different contributions to the binding energies, like relativistic corrections, Breit corrections and QED corrections, can be measured. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

反应离子刻蚀与离子刻蚀方法的研究与比较

在制备所有的NbN超导隧道结的过程中,为了得到良好的隧道结,刻蚀是很关键的一步,我们对反应离子刻蚀(RIE)和离子刻蚀两种不同的方法进行了研究比较.通过对多层结构用三种不同的方法刻蚀,再进行SEM观察切面图像,发现离子刻蚀出来的薄膜边缘,与离子源与基片摆放的方向有很大的关系,而RIE刻蚀的结区边缘较为平缓且结果稳定,有利于我们制备更好质量的超导隧道结.