丁二酸、1,10-菲啰啉构筑稀土配合物的合成、表征及与DNA作用的光谱学研究

首次合成丁二酸-1,10-菲啰啉稀土配合物,并运用光谱法研究配合物与DNA之间的作用机制,为新型抗癌药物的设计开发提供依据。以1,10-菲啰啉(phen)和丁二酸(SA)为配体构筑了3种稀土(La3+,Nd3+,Eu3+)配合物,采用元素分析、红外和紫外光谱及热重分析对配合物性质进行表征测试,确定其化学组成为(RE)2(SA)(phen)·2H2O(RE=La,Nd,Eu)。同时,通过光谱法探讨了这3种配合物分别与DNA作用的机理以及稀土离子种类对作用强度的影响。配合物与DNA作用时,可观察到较明显的吸收峰红移和较大的减色效应现象,同时,中性红(NR)荧光竞争实验发现配合物都能不同程度地猝灭NR-DNA体系的荧光。这3种配合物对DNA均具有较强的插入作用,作用强度为:La(Ⅲ)Nd(Ⅲ)Eu(Ⅲ)。计算了DNA与配合物的结合比、结合常数及一些热力学参数,得出DNA与Eu配合物、Nd配合物、La配合物的结合比分别为4∶1,2∶1和8∶1,Δr Gm0、Δr Sm0,表明这3种配合物与DNA之间的反应均能够自发进行,且作用是熵驱动的。     

铕、铽-2-噻吩甲酸-2,2''''-联吡啶配合物的合成、表征及荧光性质研究

合成了铕、铽-2-噻吩甲酸的二元配合物和铕、铽-2-噻吩甲酸-2,2'-联吡啶的三元配合物,并对它们进行了元素分析、稀土络合滴定、摩尔电导测定,确定了配合物组成分别为REL3·2H2O及REL3 L'·C2H5OH(RE=Eu,Tb;L=2-噻吩甲酸、L'=2,2'-联吡啶),测定了配体及配合物的IR谱、1H NMR谱及荧光光谱.IR谱和1H NMR谱测定表明,配体2-噻吩甲酸羧基氧、配体邻菲咯啉2个氮原子与稀土离子配位.荧光光谱实验表明,高氯酸铕和高氯酸铽分别与2,2'-联吡啶和2-噻吩甲酸反应形成的三元配合物的荧光明显强于二元配合物.     

丁二酰化壳寡糖稀土配合物与鲱鱼精DNA相互作用的电化学及光谱学研究

采用紫外光谱和循环伏安法,研究了丁二酰化壳寡糖稀土配合物（BCS-La、BCS-Nd）与鲱鱼精DNA之间的作用方式。BCS-La、BCS-Nd的存在导致Fe（CN）₆^3-/4-探针分子峰电流下降,式量电位正移,表明BCS-La、BCS-Nd和探针分子与DNA之间存在竞争性作用;BCS-La和BCS-Nd分子都是通过插入方式与DNA相互作用。在一定的扫描速率范围内（0.01~0.2 V/s）,在BCS-La或BCS-Nd参与的条件下,Fe（CN）₆^3-/4-在Au/DNA电极上的反应受吸附控制。BCS-La和BCS-Nd分别使得鲱鱼精DNA的特征峰产生明显的减色效应,最大吸收峰峰位红移,进一步表明BCS-La和BCS-Nd分别以插入方式与鲱鱼精DNA发生相互作用,导 致DNA分子的构象变化。BCS-La与DNA的结合比为：n（BCS-La）：n（DNA）=2：1;n（BCS-Nd）：n（DNA）=6：1。     

酰基吡唑啉酮缩β-丙氨酸稀土配合物的合成与光谱表征

在非水溶剂中,β丙氨酸与苯甲酰基吡唑啉酮反应制备出新氨基酸席夫碱试剂:1苯基3甲基4苯甲酰基吡唑啉酮5缩β丙氨酸(HL)。通过回流席夫碱与稀土硝酸盐合成了10种稀土配合物。元素分析与摩尔电导值表明新配合物的组成为[REL2NO3](nH2O(RE=La,Sm,Eu,Tb,Y,n=2;RE=Pr,Ndn=1;RE=Dy,Er,Yb,n=3)。运用红外光谱、紫外光谱、核磁共振谱和荧光光谱对配合物进行了表征。结果表明席夫碱配体以3齿形式配位,RE3 的配位数为8。在可见光区522nm;573,584nm处分别发现Er和Nd配合物的超灵敏跃迁吸收峰。配合物的荧光光谱主要体现稀土离子的ff跃迁发光,配体的发光影响较小。配合物的荧光强度:ITb>ISm>IEu>IDy。     

邻菲啰啉和水杨酸构筑铜配合物的电化学行为及与DNA的相互作用

合成了一种新型的三元铜配合物[Cu(phen)(SA)_2]·H_2O(phen=1,10-邻菲啰啉,SA=水杨酸),并以鲱鱼精DNA为靶点,通过紫外吸收光谱法、循环伏安法、差分脉冲伏安法和DNA粘度滴定实验,探讨了配合物与DNA的键合方式。结果表明,SA的羧酸根离子与Cu~(2+)单齿配位,phen的两个氮原子与Cu~(2+)呈双齿配位,形成的配合物在0.489 V/0.050 V处呈现一对明显的准可逆氧化还原峰,并且中心Cu~(2+)在玻碳电极上的反应主要由扩散过程控制。配合物与DNA作用时,可观察到配合物的紫外光谱出现明显的减色效应,但是红移现象不明显,氧化还原峰的电流减小,峰电位发生正移,并且DNA的粘度随配合物的加入而增大。结论认为,配合物以嵌插方式与DNA发生作用形成1∶1的复合物,但插入程度较弱(结合常数为1.55×10~4L·mol~(-1))。     

8-羟基喹啉-山梨酸稀土配合物与鲱鱼精DNA相互作用的光谱研究

合成了以山梨酸(SA)和8-羟基喹啉(Hq)为配体的Sm(Ⅲ)、Eu(Ⅲ)为中心的三元稀土配合物,研究了配合物与DNA之间的作用机制。采用红外光谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱、差热热重、元素分析和摩尔电导等方法,确定了配合物的化学组成,采用光谱法探讨了配合物与鲱鱼精DNA的作用机制。结果表明:配合物的化学组成为Sm(Hq)(SA)2和Eu(Hq)(SA)2,其最大吸收峰在加入DNA后发生减色和红移,中性红(NR)使配合物-DNA体系的吸收发生减色,伴有等色点出现。配合物的加入导致NR-DNA体系的吸收峰强度和位置发生变化。计算求得Eu(Hq)(SA)2和Sm(Hq)(SA)2分别与DNA的结合位点数为5,在20℃下,Sm(Hq)(SA)2、Eu(Hq)(SA)2与DNA的结合常数分别是2.04×104L/mol和1.09×104L/mol。2种稀土配合物都能不同程度地猝灭NR-DNA体系的荧光,表明2种稀土配合物对DNA都有较强的嵌插作用且能自发进行,结合能力为Sm(Hq)(SA)2Eu(Hq)(SA)2。     

邻氟苯甲酸铽配合物的制备及其能级匹配程度研究

为了研究配体能级与稀土离子最低激发态能级的匹配程度对所形成的稀土配合物荧光性能的影响,以邻氟苯甲酸(2-FBA)为第一配体,邻菲咯啉(phen)为第二配体分别制备两种稀土铽配合物Tb(2-FBA)_3·2H_2O和Tb(2-FBA)_3phen。元素分析和红外光谱表征了两种配合物的分子组成。相同浓度的紫外吸收光谱表明,Tb(2-FBA)_3phen的第二配体phen替代第一配体2-FBA吸收了部分紫外光。相同浓度的液体荧光光谱表明,Tb(2-FBA)_3·2H_2O的荧光发射强度高于Tb(2-FBA)_3phen的荧光发射强度。由于Tb(2-FBA)_3·2H_2O分子结晶水中的O—H振动会大大消耗配体所吸收的能量而使荧光强度大幅度下降;2-FBA配体在273 nm的吸收峰所对应的三重态能级必然与能级~5D_4的匹配程度会更差。在这种情况下Tb(2-FBA)_3·2H_2O的发射强度依然高于Tb(2-FBA)_3phen的发射强度,充分说明了第一配体2-FBA与Tb~3的最低激发态能级~5D_4的匹配程度要好于phen与Tb~(3+)的最低激发态能级~5D_4的匹配程度。通过结合紫外吸收光谱和荧光光谱对稀土配合物的配体能级的定性分析,可以初步了解不同类型配体对荧光性能的贡献程度。     

三脚架型稀土配合物的1H NMR研究

报道了稀土离子与三脚架配体N,N-二（2-苯并咪唑亚甲基）-N-（2-吡啶亚甲基）胺（L）和安替吡啉（L′）形成的二元稀土及三元稀土固体配合物的制备. 配合物在不同溶液中的¹H NMR,并结合配合物晶体结构、IR及电荷布居计算,探讨了配体在溶液中的配位形式.在CH\-3CN中,配体L以四齿配位,L′用羰基氧 配位,稀土离子在二元与三元配合物中的配位数分别为10和7.在三元配合物中,由于三个L′的空间位阻作用,将阴离子与溶剂分子排斥出稀土离子的配位层.在DMSO中,由于强极性的溶剂分子参与Ln³⁺的配位竞争,配合物发生了解离.     

二苯基亚砜、苯甲酸与轻稀土高氯酸四元配合物的合成表征及光致发光

合成并表征了高氯酸稀土与二苯基亚砜、苯甲酸的四种四元配合物。经元素分析、稀土络合滴定、摩尔电导率及差热-热重分析,表明四元配合物组成为[REL5L′(ClO4)] (ClO4) (RE= La,Pr,Nd,Eu;L=C6H5SOC6H5,L′=C6H5COO-)。在红外光谱中,第一配体二苯基亚砜的νS O的特征吸收峰出现在1 037cm-1处,而各稀土配合物的νS O向低波数移动到984 ～989 cm-1,红移50 cm-1左右,表明稀土离子与亚砜基团的氧原子之间发生配位作用。第二配体苯甲酸钠的反对称伸缩振动吸收峰νas(COO -)出现在1 550 cm-1,对称伸缩振动吸收峰νs(COO -)出现在1 416 cm-1处,羧基伸缩振动吸收频率差Δn[νas(COO -)-νs(COO -)]值为134cm-1;在所有配合物的红外光谱图中νas(COO -)向高波数方向发生了位移,而νs(COO -)向低波数方向发生了位移,并且Δn值均大于钠盐的Δn值,由此可以认为配合物中羧基是通过单齿方式与稀土离子配位。测定了配合物在丙酮溶液中的摩尔电导率,根据配合物在常见有机溶剂中的摩尔电导率与正负离子的关系结合配合物的红外光谱中高氯酸根离子的四条特征吸收带,表明配合物为1:1型电解质,两个ClO4-无机抗衡阴离子,其中一个在外界,一个进入内界与稀土离子配位。配合物的荧光发射光谱表明,四元配合物的荧光强度比二苯基亚砜高氯酸稀土二元配合物的荧光强度提高469%。磷光光谱表明苯甲酸三重态能级的下限和二苯亚砜三重态能级的上限重叠,导致三重态能级范围扩大,由此可见第二配体的加入提高了配体的三重态能级与Eu3 离子5D0能级的匹配程度。同时在配合物的荧光发射光谱中还可以看到铕离子的电偶极跃迁强度大于磁偶极跃迁,表明稀土离子不处于晶体场的对称中心。在四元配合物中,由于第二配体的加入,往往会降低配合物的对称性,从而增强稀土离子的荧光强度。本文合成的稀土配合物具有良好的荧光性能,而且在室温下稳定,溶解性好,分解温度较高。     

稀土与桂皮酸、2,2''''-联吡啶三元配合物合成、表征及荧光性质

以2,2'-联吡啶(bipy)、桂皮酸(HL)为配体与稀土离子(RE=Tb, Gd, Eu, Sm, Nd)在乙醇溶液中合成了三元稀土配合物. 通过元素分析、摩尔电导、紫外光谱、红外光谱、差热-热重分析, 确定了配合物的组成为REL3·bipy. 并讨论了配合物的谱学性质及EuL3和EuL3·bipy·H2O的荧光性能. EuL3的荧光强度比EuL3·bipy·H2O的荧光强度强4.5倍.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.