用改进的哈密顿量计算1+1维格点QCD中矢量介子质量谱

用变分法计算1+1维格点QCD中矢量介子的质量谱Mv.验证了理论的预言:对带Wilson夸克的格点哈密顿量的改进能使有限格距所引起的误差明显减小.     

带有质量的Wilson费米子的格点Schwinger模型中Mv对m的变化率的计算

用变分法计算带有质量的Wilson费米子的格点Schwinger模型中矢量介子的质量M,从而求出M、对费米子质量m的变化率M_v/m(m=0处),结果与连续理论的准确解十分接近.     

格点Schwinger模型"介子"波函数的变分研究

本文用变分法研究格点Schwinger模型"介子"波函数、计算了矢量和标量介子的质量比、以及矢量介子质量的绝对值,得到与连续理论严格解相近的结果.     

格点QCD组态产生研究

组态是格点QCD计算的基础,本文利用开源软件Chroma产生了一组格点QCD组态,格距为0.105 fm,体积为$32^3\times 64$,π介子质量为220 MeV,格点上的夸克作用量采用Wilson clover作用量。这组组态可用于格点QCD中研究核子结构和强子谱等物理问题。     

对于组分夸克模型的几点评注

根据现有的格点QCD结果和手征对称自发破缺理论研讨了组分夸克模型中夸克囚禁和夸克介子耦合方案.指出了两体囚禁势不能直接推广应用于多夸克系统,σ介子作为双π交换的等效描述只能用于u,d夸克,不能用于s夸克.     

重离子碰撞中的矢量介子自旋排列

在非对心相对论重离子碰撞中,参与反应的系统具有巨大的轨道角动量,从而使产生的夸克胶子等离子体具有极强涡旋场,并通过自旋-轨道相互作用导致部分子的自旋极化,经过强子化导致重子的自旋极化以及矢量介子的自旋排列等可观测效应.矢量介子的自旋排列是指其自旋密度矩阵的00元素ρ00偏离1/3.在矢量介子衰变到两个赝标介子的过程中,衰变产物的极角分布只与ρ00有关,以此可以对自旋排列进行测量.理论研究表明,重离子碰撞过程中,重子的自旋极化反映了夸克自旋极化的时空平均效应,而矢量介子自旋排列则反映了夸克反夸克自旋极化的局域相空间关联.本文回顾了相对论重离子碰撞中矢量介子自旋排列的相关理论工作.重点以非相对论夸克融合模型为例,明确地计入夸克极化的相空间依赖性,展示了矢量介子自旋排列与夸克反夸克自旋极化特别是它们之间相空间关联的关系.本文还讨论了涡旋、电磁场、有效φ介子场以及它们的局域涨落对φ介子自旋排列的贡献,结果显示强作用场的时空关联效应是导致φ介子自旋排列的主要因素.矢量介子自旋排列为探索强相互作用物质和强相互作用场的性质提供了新途径.     

用改进的哈密顿量计算Wilson费米子真空凝聚

用改进的哈密顿量和变分法计算格点(1+1)维QED(Schwinger模型)中Wilson费米子真空凝聚<ψψ>，结果(同使用未改进的哈密顿量的计算结果相比较)与Wilson参数r的依赖关系明显地减小了.     

有限温度下的单π、σ交换势

本文在有限温度量子场论的框架中,在核子水平上,讨论π、σ介子的有效质量对温度T的依赖关系及单π、σ交换势.我们发现,在低温区(k_BT≤200MeV),π和σ介子的有效质量随T的变化行为与在夸克水平上由Nambu-Jona-Lasinia模型得到的结果非常一致.     

介子超精细质量劈裂的统一描述

利用能量依赖的夸克-反夸克间自旋-自旋作用势建立了介子超精细质量劈裂公式.数据分析表明该公式能统一描述基态和激发态、同位旋为零及非零介子的超精细质量劈裂.     

通过基矢光前量子化方法研究K介子

为研究K介子的性质，通过基矢光前量子化(BLFQ)方法获得K介子的光前波函数(LFWF)。使用的光前哈密顿量中包含了动能项、横向与纵向禁闭势以及夸克-胶子相互作用，其中横向禁闭势借鉴了光前全息量子色动力学(LFHQCD)模型的禁闭势。基矢空间包括领头阶与次领头阶的Fock空间。在前期工作的基础上，只引入了奇异夸克的质量作为唯一额外参数，使K>介子的质量与实验值相匹配。基于K介子领头阶Fock空间的LFWF，计算了K介子的部分子分布振幅(PDA)，其结果与量子色动力学(QCD)微扰论在零夸克质量近似下计算的结果相近。本工作得到的K介子的电磁形状因子(FF)与欧洲核子中心(CERN)超级质子同步加速器 (SPS)以及费米国家加速器实验室(FNAL)的实验结果一致。从领头阶Fock空间的LFWF计算出的电磁半径与粒子物理数据表(PDG)的实验值相近。计算出的K介子部分子分布函数(PDF)，QCD演化后，在实验能标下的K介子和$ \pi $介子中价夸克u的PDF之比与CERN-NA-003的实验数据在整体趋势上大体相符。此外，在计算出的K介子PDF中，价夸克携带的纵向动量之比，$ \langle x_{uv}\rangle/\langle x_{sv}\rangle $，约为$ 2/3 $，这个数值与Bethe-Salpeter equation(BSE)模型以及密西根州立大学格点QCD(MSULat)模型的计算结果相近。还计算了K介子的结构函数，发现与BLFQ考虑有效 Nambu–Jona-Lasinio相互作用(BLFQ-NJL)模型的结果有显著差别。K介子的结构函数有望在将来的电子离子对撞机(EIC)实验中得到观测与检验。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.     

A novel methodology for photometric compensation of projection display on patterned screen

We propose a novel methodology based on the projector-camera (ProCam) system to address the photometric compensation issue for the projection display on the patterned screen.The patterned screen is treated as the combination of a perfect white screen and a color modulator.The perfect white screen is used to automatically and accurately characterize the ProCam system offline using the polynomial model,and the parameters of the color modulator can be efficiently recovered by employing only two gray images based on the linear reflectance model.The experimental results show that the color artifacts of the display image can be greatly improved with this methodology,which demonstrates its feasibility and validity in the photometric compensation.     

Direction-of-arrival estimation using matrix spatial prefiltering approach

An approach to direction-of-arrival （DOA） estimation for multiple narrowband farfield signals is proposed. The technique uses a novel matrix spatial prefiltering approach. Specifically, a matrix filter is designed to spatially filter the incoming data snapshots. The un-wanted components arriving from the stopband angular sectors are attenuated and the desired components from the angular sector of interest pass with minimal distortion. The matrix filter spatially filters the element-space data and the output reserves the element-space data property, which makes it very useful by passing sensor data through a spatial prefilter prior to applying many other array processors to attenuate interferences and improve system performance. Several examples of DOA estimation problem are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed spatial prefiltering approach. Results of simulation and real data show that the pre-filter can efficiently attenuate the spatial interferences and significantly improve the estimation and resolution capability of DOA estimators at low signal-to-noise ratios for the sources located inside the passband sector. In addition, the use of spatial prefilter makes it possible to estimate DOAs for multiple sources more than the number of the elements of an array.     

Quantum efficiency calibration of opto-electronic detector by means of correlated photons method

A new calibration method of detectors can be realized by using correlated photons generated in spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) effect of nonlinear crystal.An absolute calibration system of detector quantum efficiency is performed.And its principle and experimental setup are introduced.A continuouswave (CW) ultraviolet (351 nm),diode-pumped,frequency-doubled,and solid-state laser is used to pump BBO crystal.The quantum efficiencies of the photomultiplier at 633,702,and 789 nm are measured respectively.The coincidence peaks are observed using coincidence circuit.Some measurement factors including the filter bandwidth of trigger channel,the detector position alignment and polarization of the pump light are analyzed.The uncertainties of this calibration method are also analyzed,and the relative uncertainties of total calibration are less than 5.8%.The accuracy of this method could be improved in the future.