气相中Fe+催化CO与N2O循环反应的理论计算研究

采用密度泛函UB3LYP/6–311+G(2d)方法计算研究了Fe+在基态和激发态与CO与N2O反应的反应机理。全参数优化了反应势能面上各驻点的几何构型,用频率分析方法和内禀反应坐标（IRC）方法对过渡态进行了验证,并用UB3LYP/6–311++G(3df,3pd)、单点垂直激发等方法分别进行各驻点单点能校正,四重态和六重态反应势能面交叉点CP确定,计算结果表明,该反应为两步反应,且反应机理都为插入—消去反应,势能面上的两个交叉点能够有效的降低反应的活化能,这在动力学和热力学上都是有利的。     

Fe_6与NO反应的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT-Density Functional Theory)中的B3LYP方法在6-311+G(d,p)的计算水平上研究了Fe_6+NO→Fe_6O+N反应的相关微观机理.全参数优化了二十重态以及二十二重态反应势能面上各驻点的几何结构,用频率分析法以及内禀反应坐标(IRC-Intrinsic Reaction Coordinate)方法对过渡态进行了验证,得到了该反应的微观反应路径和反应势能面,并用两态反应分析其反应机理.通过对反应过程的分析发现,反应在二十重态以及二十二重态势能面上的反应路径是相似的,势能面上的一个交叉点能增加反应放热,有效地降低反应的活化能,为整个反应体系提供了一条能量较低的反应路径.     

Fe6与NO反应的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论（DFT-Density Functional Theory）中的B3LYP方法在6-311+G(d,p)的计算水平上研究了Fe6+NO→Fe6O+N反应的相关微观机理。全参数优化了二十重态以及二十二重态反应势能面上各驻点的几何结构,用频率分析法以及内禀反应坐标（IRC- Intrinsic Reaction Coordinate）方法对过渡态进行了验证,得到了该反应的微观反应路径和反应势能面,并用两态反应分析其反应机理。通过对反应过程的分析发现,反应在二十重态以及二十二重态势能面上的反应路径是相似的,势能面上的一个交叉点能增加反应放热,有效地降低反应的活化能,为整个反应体系提供了一条能量较低的反应路径。     

Fe_2和NO反应的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的B3LYP方法在6-311+G(d,p)的计算水平上研究了Fe_2铁簇与NO反应的相关微观机理.全参数优化了八重态以及十重态反应势能面上各驻点的几何结构,并用频率分析法以及内禀反应坐标(IRC)方法对过渡态进行了验证,得到了该反应的微观反应路径和反应势能面(PESs).用"两态反应"分析反应机理,势能面上的两个交叉点能有效地降低反应的活化能,这在动力学上和热力学上都是有利的.N原子脱离化合物为整个反应的速控步骤.     

Fe2和NO反应的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论（DFT）中的B3LYP方法在6-311+G(d,p)的计算水平上研究了Fe2铁簇与NO反应的相关微观机理。全参数优化了八重态以及十重态反应势能面上各驻点的几何结构,并用频率分析法以及内禀反应坐标（IRC）方法对过渡态进行了验证,得到了该反应的微观反应路径和反应势能面（PESs）。用“两态反应”分析反应机理,势能面上的两个交叉点能有效地降低反应的活化能,这在动力学上和热力学上都是有利的。N原子脱离化合物为整个反应的速控步骤。     

Fe_2与SO_2反应的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论-Density Functional Theory(DFT)中的B3LYP方法在6-311+G(d,p)的计算水平上研究了Fe_2+SO_2→2FeO+S反应的相关微观机理.全参数优化了七重态以及九重态反应势能面上各驻点的几何结构,用频率分析法以及内禀反应坐标-Intrinsic Reaction Coordinate(IRC)方法对过渡态进行了验证,得到了该反应的微观反应路径和反应势能面-Potential Energy Surface(PES),并用两态反应分析其反应机理.通过对反应过程的分析发现,反应在七重态以及九重态势能面上的反应路径是相似的,势能面上的两个交叉点能增加反应放热,有效地降低反应的活化能,为整个反应体系提供了一条能量较低的反应路径.     

过渡金属铁团簇Fe_4和NO反应的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论中的B3LYP方法在6-311+G(d,p)计算水平上研究了第一过渡系金属铁团簇Fe_4在基态和第一个激发态与NO的反应机理.全参数优化了体系中十四重态以及十六重态反应势能面上的各驻点结构,并用频率分析法和内禀反应坐标法对过渡态进行了验证.通过对反应过程的分析发现,反应在十四重态以及十六重态势能面上的反应机理是相似的.而且,该反应是一个三步反应,其中C1→TS1键是整个反应的决速步.由于势能交叉点的存在,可以有效降低反应的活化能,这在热力学和动力学上都是非常有利的.     

铁原子与SO_2反应的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的B3LYP方法在6-311+G(d,p)的计算水平上研究了铁原子与SO_2在三重态以及五重态反应势能面上的反应机理.全参数优化了三重态以及五重态反应势能面上各驻点的几何构型,并用频率分析法以及内禀反应坐标(IRC)方法对过渡态进行了验证,得到了该反应的反应势能面曲线和微观反应路径.结果表明,铁原子与SO2在三重态与五重态反应势能面上的几何构型相似,三重态的能量均比五重态高,说明铁原子与SO_2的反应主要在五重态反应势能面上进行.整个体系为放热反应,反应的活化能为30.6 k Cal/mol.     

CoCH2+H2反应机理的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的UB3LYP方法在6-311+G(2d,2p)水平上研究了四重态和二重态的CoCH2与H2反应的机理,在UB3LYP结构优化的基础上用耦合簇理论方法UCCSD(T)在相同水平下对各驻点进行了单点能校正.结果表明,该反应在二重态和四重态上的势能面非常相似,存在两个过渡态(TS1、TS2)和两个中间体(M1、M2),反应的第一步是产生分子复合物(H2)CoCH2,其能量分别比反应物低66.6(四重态)和42.4 kJ/mol(二重态),第二步是H2的加成形成HCoCH3中间体,第三步是CH4的消除反应.其中CH4的消除为整个反应的速控步骤.反应在二重态和四重态势能面上存在四个交叉点,整个反应在二重态势能面和四重态势能面上交替进行.H-H键的活化在四重态上是不可逆的,反应将最终形成四重态产物,整个反应可放出能量222.9kJ/mol.     

过渡金属铁团簇Fe4和NO反应的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论中的B3LYP方法在6-311+G（d,p）计算水平上研究了第一过渡系金属铁簇Fe4在基态和第一个激发态与NO的反应机理。全参数优化了体系中十四重态以及十六重态反应势能面上的各驻点结构,并用频率分析法和内禀反应坐标法对过渡态进行了验证。通过对反应过程的分析发现,反应在十四重态以及十六重态势能面上的反应机理是相似的。而且,该反应是一个三步反应,其中C1→TS1键是整个反应的决速步。由于势能交叉点的存在,可以有效降低反应的活化能,这在热力学和动力学上都是非常有利的。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.