基于单片有源像素传感器的探测模块测试研究

硅像素探测器因具有优异的空间分辨率、极高的耐计数能力和较低的功耗等优点,近年来已被广泛应用于高能对撞机实验的顶点探测器和内径迹探测器.基于MIMOSA28芯片的硅像素探测器研究是北京谱仪Ⅲ漂移室内室的升级预研方案之一,该方案计划建造一个漂移室内室1/10规模的模型.探测模块是该模型的基本探测单元.为了对探测模块的性能进行研究,搭建了实验室测试系统.该系统主要由五层探测模块、读出电子学系统以及数据获取系统组成.本文围绕带有触发标记的连续数据读出方法的实现、探测模块的噪声水平和放射源响应测试以及击中位置重建算法研究展开.测试结果验证了探测模块工作性能良好,触发读出逻辑正确,而且重建算法准确有效,为后续探测模块性能的进一步研究奠定了基础.     

一种新的高温超导磁体电磁结构优化设计方法

本文阐述了用于高温超导磁体电磁结构优化设计的一种新方法,与一般优化方法不同之处在于其不用定义磁体的初始结构形状,采用该方法可以得到满足规格和性能要求的较佳磁体结构.通过此方法优化设计了一个中心磁场为3T的Bi系高温超导磁体,其设计结果与满足同样要求且经过优化的单螺管高温超导磁体的设计结果作了对比,由结果表明该方法具有很好的优化效果.     

组合式Si-PIN 14 MeV中子探测器

提出了一种在多片Si-PIN探测器中间用2mm厚的聚乙烯作为灵敏度增强介质，采用加法电路模式进行信号输出的组合式新型DT聚变中子(14MeV)探测技术原理. 这种组合的主要特点有： 1)大幅度提高了Si-PIN探测器的中子灵敏度和测量统计性； 2)提高了探测器的n/γ分辨本领； 3)在实现多个探测器信号相加的同时，组合探测器相对于单片探测器时间响应没有明显改变. 从实验及理论上对组合探测器的14MeV中子及1.25MeV γ灵敏度、n/γ分辨，时间特性和测量统计性进行了研究.     

组合式Si-PIN 14 MeV中子探测器

提出了一种在多片Si-PIN探测器中间用2mm厚的聚乙烯作为灵敏度增强介质,采用加法电路模式进行信号输出的组合式新型DT聚变中子(14MeV)探测技术原理. 这种组合的主要特点有： 1)大幅度提高了Si-PIN探测器的中子灵敏度和测量统计性; 2)提高了探测器的n/γ分辨本领; 3)在实现多个探测器信号相加的同时,组合探测器相对于单片探测器时间响应没有明显改变. 从实验及理论上对组合探测器的14MeV中子及1.25MeV γ灵敏度、n/γ分辨,时间特性和测量统计性进行了研究. 关键词： Si-PIN半导体探测器 灵敏度 n/γ分辨 时间响应     

一维游标位敏阳极光子计数探测器

报道了一维游标位敏阳极光子计数探测器,详细介绍了一维游标位敏阳极的解码原理和设计结果.搭建了基于一维游标位敏阳极探测器的紫外光子计数探测系统.该系统工作于光子计数模式,可同时测量单光子事件的一维坐标.获得了对应入射光空间强度一维分布的脉冲计数分布图.通过测试,系统的分辨率优于100μm.该探测器可以实现极微弱的高能光子、电子和离子等粒子流强度分布的一维探测,因此可以用于深空探测、光谱测量、高能物理以及生物发光探测.     

井下核磁共振流体分析实验室及其应用

井下流体分析在储层实时评价有十分重要的应用. 该文介绍了NMR流体分析实验室的发展,并以哈里伯顿的井下NMR流体分析实验室为例, 详细讨论了其关键技术,包括探头结构、磁体结构和电路结构,探讨了获取流体核磁共振特性参数的测量方法. NMR流体分析实验室可以获取流体的多种重要参数,结合NMR测井能够进行综合解释,其实时评价性能实现NMR测量的优势.     

1MJ高温超导储能磁体的设计方案研究

微型超导储能系统(SMES)可用于改善电能质量和电力系统的动态稳定性,但在应用中需满足漏磁场的要求,本文主要以储能量为1MJ的超导储能磁体为例,结合多种有源屏蔽型超导储能磁体的结构特点,主要包括轴线平行、组合式环型,研究了有源屏蔽微型超导储能磁体的方案.对以上这两种类型的超导储能磁体进行了优化设计,并对优化结果进行了比较分析.     

1MJ高温超导储能磁体的设计方案研究

微型超导储能系统(SMES)可用于改善电能质量和电力系统的动态稳定性,但在应用中需满足漏磁场的要求,本文主要以储能量为1MJ的超导储能磁体为例,结合多种有源屏蔽型超导储能磁体的结构特点,主要包括轴线平行、组合式环型,研究了有源屏蔽微型超导储能磁体的方案.对以上这两种类型的超导储能磁体进行了优化设计,并对优化结果进行了比较分析.     

1MJ高温超导储能磁体的设计方案研究

微型超导储能系统（SMES）可用于改善电能质量和电力系统的动态稳定性，但在应用中需满足漏磁场的要求，本文主要以储能量为1MJ的超导储能磁体为例，结合多种有源屏蔽型超导储能磁体的结构特点，主要包括轴线平行、组合式环型，研究了有源屏蔽微型超导储能磁体的方案．对以上这两种类型的超导储能磁体进行了优化设计，并对优化结果进行了比较分析．     

WSZ极紫外探测器及其信号采集电路的研究

采用电荷分割方法设计了WSZ(Wedge-Strip and Zig)极紫外光探测器,其基于MCP的结构和单光子成像的特点使其在极弱光的探测方面具有独特的优势.设计了用于该探测器的快速三通道电荷放大电路和信号采集电路,以探测脉宽100～200 ms、总电荷量1～20 pC的电子脉冲.在真空条件下使用紫外光源对电路进行模拟试验,获得了峰值大小与阳极面板面积成比例的、噪音范围在10 mV以内的三路脉冲信号.模拟实验结果证明,该探测器预计分辨率有望达到100 μm×100 μm.     

兰州重离子治癌装置同步加速器切割磁铁研制

切割磁铁作为同步加速器注入引出的关键部件之一,对磁场及切割板结构都有严格的要求。介绍了兰州重离子治癌装置(HIMM)同步加速器切割磁铁的设计情况,基于磁场优化软件OPERA,对切割磁铁磁场均匀度及杂散场的分布进行了详细的分析。根据磁场要求优化结构设计,完成了磁铁的加工。磁场测量结果分析显示,有效场区范围内磁场均匀度优于设计结果。同时通过对磁铁端部屏蔽处理,在环内侧管道处杂散磁场降到2mT以内,满足物理设计要求。     

单边磁共振成像仪磁体系统研究

单边磁共振成像（MRI）系统由于其良好的开放性引起了越来越多的关注,这种系统的成像样品区位于磁体外侧,其形状为薄片形,其磁体结构设计是一个全新的问题. 本文基于鞍点理论,探索这种单边磁体在其外侧产生均匀样品区的可行性,通过对几种单边磁体结构磁场特性的研究,指出适当设计的永磁磁体能够在磁体外侧产生鞍点. 最后给出一种符合成像要求的单边永磁MRI磁体结构. 单边MRI磁体结构的可行性分析及磁体结构的成功设计,为开展完全开放式磁共振成像装置的研究打下了坚实的基础.     

HIRFL-CSRe二极铁积分磁场测量

 介绍了兰州重力加速器冷却储存环实验环二极磁铁积分长线圈测磁装置的构成，描述了实验环二极铁的分散性测量、横向分布测量、传递函数等测量内容及测量方法。实验环二极铁采用不断地加减硅钢铁片垫补和加调整线圈电流的方法来调整二极磁铁的有效长度来改变分散性。通过垫补和测量，二极磁铁的分散性在优化磁场时达到±2×10^-4。同时给出了二极铁的横向分布和传递函数的测量结果。对二极铁的设计和加工进行了修正。     

振动线准直技术的原理和研究概述

振动线准直技术是一种通过直接测量空间磁场分布情况来进行磁铁设备准直的方法,其原理完全不同于目前国内正在使用的基于磁铁机械结构进行准直的方法。振动线方法具有很高的准直精度和灵敏性,可以用于单个磁铁磁中心测量、磁铁准直标定和多块磁铁磁中心准直等。主要介绍了振动线准直技术的原理、起源和国际上的应用研究概况。     

Single-sided sensor for high-resolution NMR spectroscopy

The unavoidable spatial inhomogeneity of the static magnetic field generated by open sensors has precluded their use for high-resolution NMR spectroscopy. In fact, this application was deemed impossible because these field variations are usually orders of magnitude larger than those created by the microscopic structure of the molecules to be detected. Recently, chemical shift resolved NMR spectra were observed for the first time outside a portable single-sided magnet by implementing a method that exploits inhomogeneities in the rf field designed to reproduce variations of the static magnetic field. In this communication, we describe in detail the magnet system built from permanent magnets as well as the rf coil geometry used to compensate the static field variations.     

A unilateral NMR magnet for sub-structure analysis in the built environment: the Surface GARField

A new, portable NMR magnet with a tailored magnetic field profile and a complementary radio frequency sensor have been designed and constructed for the purpose of probing in situ the sub-surface porosity of cement based materials in the built environment. The magnet is a one sided device akin to a large NMR-MOUSE with the additional design specification of planes of constant field strength /B0/ parallel to the surface. There is a strong gradient G in the field strength perpendicular to these planes. As with earlier GARField magnets, the ratio G//:B0/ is a system constant although the method of achieving this condition is substantially different. The new magnet as constructed is able to detect signals 50mm (1H NMR at 3.2 MHz) away from the surface of the magnet and can profile the surface layers of large samples to a depth of 35-40 mm by moving the magnet, and hence the resonant plane of the polarising field, relative to the sample surface. The matching radio frequency excitation/detector coil has been designed to complement the static magnetic field such that the polarising B0 and sensing B1 fields are, in principal, everywhere orthogonal. Preliminary spatially resolved measurements are presented of cement based materials, including two-dimensional T1-T2 relaxation correlation spectra.     

Optimal sorting method and application to SSRF booster dipoles

As the dipoles of SSRF booster are powered in series, the magnet field error varies from magnet to magnet and results in bad beam quality. Sorting and installing magnets according to the measured field errors so that the errors on different magnets are partially compensated with each other, has been the easiest way in many cases to reduce the detrimental effects of the errors without introducing complications. Based on the magnet field measurement results, we investigated and implemented the sorting of dipoles using a method mixed by local cancellation and simulated annealing, and it's found to be quite effective.     

An analytical methodology for magnetic field control in unilateral NMR

Traditionally, unilateral NMR systems such as the NMR-MOUSE have used the fringe field between two bar magnets joined with a yoke in a 'U' geometry. This allows NMR signals to be acquired from a sensitive volume displaced from the magnets, permitting large samples to be investigated. The drawback of this approach is that the static field (B0) generated in this configuration is inhomogeneous, and has a large, nonlinear, gradient. As a consequence, the sensitive volume of the instrument is both small and ill defined. Empirical redesign of the permanent magnet array producing the B0 field has yielded instruments with magnetic field topologies acceptable for varying applications. The drawback of current approaches is the lack of formalism in the control of B0. Rather than tailoring the magnet geometry to NMR investigations, measurements must be tailored to the available magnet geometry. In this work, we present a design procedure whereby the size, shape, field strength, homogeneity, and gradients in the sensitive spot of a unilateral NMR sensor can be controlled. Our design uses high permeability pole pieces, shaped according to the contours of an analytical expression, to control B0, allowing unilateral NMR instruments to be designed to generate a controlled static field topology. We discuss the approach in the context of previously published design techniques, and explain the advantages inherent in our strategy as compared to other optimization methods. We detail the design, simulation, and construction of a unilateral magnet array using our approach. It is shown that the fabricated array exhibits a B0 topology consistent with the design. The utility of the design is demonstrated in a sample nondestructive testing application. Our design methodology is general, and defines a class of unilateral permanent magnet arrays in which the strength and shape of B0 within the sensitive volume can be controlled.     

Stabilization of the Polarity of (NdSmDy)(FeCo)B Permanent Magnets for Application in Magnetic Undulators

The temperature dependences of the magnetization of polycrystalline samples of (NdSmDy)(FeCo)B sintered permanent magnets are measured in various magnetic fields by a SQUID magnetometer. Near T = 110 K, the spin-reorientation transition occurs. Bistable magnetic states with two equally possible orientations of the magnetization vector corresponding to different polarities of the permanent magnet are formed in the samples near the spin-reorientation transition. The polarity of the sintered magnets can be stabilized by a small external magnetic field of ～250 Oe. It provides new possibilities for the application of these magnets in cryomagnetic systems such as magnetic undulators.     

轴对称高场超导磁体电磁应力有限元分析方法

核磁共振成像和核磁共振谱仪是高场超导磁体的主要应用领域.高场超导磁体通常具有较高的磁场和运行电流,在运行过程中超导线会产生较高的电磁应力,其临界特性将发生退化,影响磁体的稳定性.开展高场超导磁体的电磁应力精确分析显得尤为必要.本文发展了一种快速有效的有限元分析方法,第一步,为整个超导磁体系统建立平均有限元模型,采用传统的电磁-结构耦合方法求解电磁应力,获得最大应力位置;第二步,对最大应力所在的超导线圈建立详细有限元模型,采用单积分-结构分析方法精确求解每一组分中电磁应力.基于该模型研究了500 MHz NMR超导磁体的电磁应力.该分析方法也可以用于超导磁体冷却过程中的热应力分析.为高场超导磁体设计和建造提供有益的理论依据.