Coupling Strength and System Size Induce Firing Activity of Globally Coupled Neural Network

We investigate how firing activity of globally coupled neural network depends on the coupling strength C and system size N. Network elements are described by space-clamped FitzHugh- Nagumo （SCFHN） neurons with the values of parameters at which no firing activity occurs. It is found that for a given appropriate coupling strength, there is an intermediate range of system size where the firing activity of globally coupled SCFHN neural network is induced and enhanced. On the other hand, for a given intermediate system size level, there exists an optimal value of coupling strength such that the intensity of firing activity reaches its maximum. These phenomena imply that the coupling strength and system size play a vital role in firing activity of neural network.     

Control of Spiral Waves in an Excitable Medium by Applying Close Loop Feedback Scheme

In this paper, a scheme of close-loop feedback is proposed to induce transition of spiral pattern in the excitable media, which is described with the modified FitzHugh-Nagumo model. The numerical simulation results confirm that the stable rotating spiral wave is removed and the whole media becomes homogeneous when appropriate intensity of feedback is used no matter whether the coupling feedback is imposed on the whole media or the sites in one line in the media.     

A feedback control method for the stabilization of a nonlinear diffusion system on a graph

In this paper, we consider the internal stabilization problems of FitzHugh–Nagumo(FHN) systems on the locally finite connected weighted graphs, which describe the process of signal transmission across axons in neurobiology. We will establish the proper condition on the weighted Dirichlet–Laplace operator on a graph such that the nonlinear FHN system can be stabilized exponentially and globally only using internal actuation over a sub-domain with a linear feedback form.     

Calculations for shortening the bunch length in storage rings using a harmonic cavity

Using the Hefei Light Source phase Ⅱ project （HLS- Ⅱ） as an example, a theoretical analysis of shortening the bunch lengths using a higher harmonic cavity （HHC） is given. The threshold voltage of an active HHC and the threshold tuning angle of a passive HHC are first analysed. The optimum tuning angle for the constant detuning scenario and the optimum harmonic voltage for the constant voltage scenario are presented. The calculated results show that the reduced bunch length is about half that of the nominal bunch. The bunch lengths vary from 11 mm at 0.1 A to 7 mm at 0.4 A for the constant detuning scenario, while the bunch lengths are around 7 mm over the beam current range for the constant voltage scenario. In addition, the synchrotron frequency spread is increased. It indicates that HHC may be used to reduce the bunch length and increase the Landau damping of synchrotron oscillations in a storage ring.     

A proposed method to characterize high harmonic microbunching in EEHG operation of SDUV-FEL

The echo-enabled harmonic generation （EEHG） scheme offers remarkable efficiency for generating high harmonic microbunching with a relatively small energy modulation. A proof of principle experiment of the EEHG scheme has been proposed at the Shanghai deep ultraviolet （SDUV） free electron laser （FEL） facility, where the 4th harmonic of the seed laser is amplified in the 9 m long radiator. To explore the advantages of the EEHG scheme, in this paper, a method of measuring the coherent high harmonic radiation of the radiator is proposed to investigate the electron beam microbunching corresponding to the 10th-20th harmonics of the seed laser. The principle of the proposed method, comparisons with existing methods and the simulation results are presented and discussed.     

Notes on Application of WKB Method

The notes here presented are of the modifications introduced in the application of WKB method. The problems of two- and three-dimensional harmonic oscillator potential are revisited by WKB and the new formulation of quantization rule respectively. It is found that the energy spectrum of the radial harmonic oscillator, which is reproduced exactly by the standard WKB method with the Langer modification, is also reproduced exactly without the Langer modification via the new quantization rule approach. An alternative way to obtain the non-integral Maslov index for three-dimensional harmonic oscillator is proposed.     

Application of wavelet-based active magnet power supply filter in accelerator

Since modern accelerators demand excellent stability to magnet power supply （PS）, it is necessary to decrease harmonic currents passing magnets. Aiming at depressing the rappel current from the PS in the Beijing electron-positron collider Ⅱ, a wavelet-based active power filter （APF） is proposed in this paper. An APF is an effective device to improve the quality of currents. As a countermeasure to these harmonic currents, the APF circuit generates a harmonic current, countervailing harmonic current from PS. An active power filter based on wavelet transformation is proposed. Discrete wavelet transformation is used to analyze the harmonic components in the supply current, and an active power filter circuit works according to the analysis results. Our simulation and experiment results are given to prove the effect of the APF.     

Production of CH （A2△） by multi-photon dissociation of （CH3）2CO,CH3NO2, CH2Br2, and CHBr3 at 213 nm

In order to realize electrostatic Stark deceleration of CH radicals and study cold chemistry, the fifth harmonic of a YAG laser is used to prepare CH(A2△) molecules through using the multi-photon dissociation of(CH3)2CO, CH3NO2, CH2Br2,and CHBr3 at ～ 213 nm. The CH product intensity is measured by using the emission spectrum of CH(A2△→ X2Π). The dependence of fluorescence intensity on laser power is studied, and the probable dissociation channels are analyzed. The relationship between the fluorescence intensity and some parameters, such as the temperature of the beam source, stagnation pressure, and the time delay between the opening of pulse valve and the photolysis laser, are also studied. The influence of three different carrier gases on CH signal intensity is investigated. The vibrational and rotational temperatures of the CH(A2△) product are obtained by comparing experimental data with the simulated ones from the LIFBASE program.     

Generalized Harmonic Oscillator and the SchrSdinger Equation with Position-Dependent Mass

We study the generalized harmonic oscillator that has both the position-dependent mass and the potential depending on the form of mass function in a more general framework. The explicit expressions of the eigenvalue and eigenfunction for such a system are given, they have the same forms as those for the usual harmonic oscillator with constant mass. The coherent state and its properties corresponding effective potentials for several mass functions, for the system with PDM are also discussed. We give the the systems with such potentials are isospectral to the usual harmonic oscillator.     

Solutions of the Schrodinger Equation with Quantum Mechanical Gravitational Potential Plus Harmonic Oscillator Potential

The solutions of the Schrodinger equation with quantum mechanical gravitational potential plus harmonic oscillator potential have been presented using the parametric Nikiforov-Uvarov method. The bound state energy eigen values and the corresponding un-normalized eigen functions are obtained in terms of Laguerre polynomials. Also a special case of the potential has been considered and its energy eigen values are obtained.     

Exact Time-Dependent Wave Functions of a Confined Time-Dependent Harmonic Oscillator with Two Moving Boundaries

By applying the standard analytical techniques of solving partial differential equations, we have obtained the exact solution in terms of the Fourier sine series to the time-dependent Schrodinger equation describing a quantum one-dimensional harmonic oscillator of time-dependent frequency confined in an infinite square well with the two walls moving along some parametric trajectories. Based upon the orthonormal basis of quasi-stationary wave functions, the exact propagator of the system has also been analytically derived. Special eases like （i） a confined free particle, （ii） a confined time-independent harmonic oscillator, and （iii） an aging oscillator are examined, and the corresponding time- dependent wave functions are explicitly determined. Besides, the approach has been extended to solve the case of a confined generalized time-dependent harmonic oscillator for some parametric moving boundaries as well.     

Gauge Invariance of a Time-Dependent Harmonic Oscillator in Magnetic Dipole Approximation

A manifestly gauge-invariant formulation of non-relativistic quantum mechanics is applied to the case of time-dependent harmonic oscillator in the magnetic dipole approximation. A general equation for obtaining gauge-invariant transition probability amplitudes is derived.     

High-efficiency S-band harmonic tuning GaN amplifier

In this paper, we present a high-efficiency S-band gallium nitride （GaN） power amplifier （PA）. This amplifier is fabri- cated based on a self-developed GaN high-electron-mobility transistor （HEMT） with 10 mm gate width on SiC substrate. Harmonic manipulation circuits are presented in the amplifier. The matching networks consist of microstrip lines and discrete components. Open-circuited stub lines in both input and output are used to tune the 2rid harmonic wave and match the GaN HEMT to the highest efficiency condition. The developed amplifier delivers an output power of 48.5 dBm （70 W） with a power-added efficiency （PAE） of 72.2% at 2 GHz in pulse condition. When operating at 1.8-2.2 GHz （20% relative bandwidth）, the amplifier provides an output power higher than 48 dBm （,-~ 65 W）, with a PAE over 70% and a power gain above 15 dB. When operating in continuous-wave （CW） operating conditions, the amplifier gives an output power over 46 dBm （40 W） with PAE beyond 60% over the whole operation frequency range.     

Normally-Ordered Time Evolution Operator for Mass-Varying Harmonic Oscillator and Wigner Function of Squeezed Number State

For investigating dynamic evolution of a mass-varying harmonic oscillator we constitute a ket-bra integration operator in coherent state representation and then perform this integral by virtue of the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators. The normally ordered time evolution operator is thus obtained. We then derive the Wigner function of u（t）｜n,〉, where ｜n〉 is a Fock state, which exhibits a generalized squeezing, the squeezing effect is related to the varying mass with time.     

简谐噪声激励下FitzHugh-Nagumo神经元的动力学行为

研究了简谐噪声激励下的FitzHugh-Nagumo神经元模型, 其放电形式、相干共振等动力学行为均受噪声阻尼参数和频率参数的影响.选择不同的参数所得到的神经元的放电形式不同.神经元存在共振特性,对某一频率的噪声有更强的响应,在此频率参数下的峰序列更有序,出现相干共振系数的极小值.噪声的阻尼参数越大,不同的频率成分越多,神经元的响应也变得杂乱,进而导致神经元与噪声的同步变弱,峰序列相干共振系数也相应增大. 关键词： 简谐噪声 FitzHugh-Nagumo神经元 相干共振 峰峰间隔     

Broadband water window supercontinuum generation with a w ＋3w/2 multicycle two-colour pulse

We propose a method to generate a high-efficiency broadband water window supercontinuum with a w ＋ 3w/2 multicycle two-colour pulse. Our results reveal that the 3w/2 laser pulse can simultaneously modulate the acceleration step and the ionization step, which not only broadens the bandwidth but also enhances the yield of the generated supercontinuum. An ultra-broadband supercontinuum from 290 eV to 555 eV covering the whole water window is generated. Using this method, we expect that an isolated 62-as pulse with a minor pre-pulse can be directly obtained.     

简谐噪声激励下FitzHugh-Nagumo神经元的动力学行为

研究了简谐噪声激励下的FitzHugh-Nagumo神经元模型, 其放电形式、相干共振等动力学行为均受噪声阻尼参数和频率参数的影响.选择不同的参数所得到的神经元的放电形式不同.神经元存在共振特性,对某一频率的噪声有更强的响应,在此频率参数下的峰序列更有序,出现相干共振系数的极小值.噪声的阻尼参数越大,不同的频率成分越多,神经元的响应也变得杂乱,进而导致神经元与噪声的同步变弱,峰序列相干共振系数也相应增大.     

Ultra-high order harmonic generation via a free electron laser mechamsm

In this paper, by using the ＂frequency up-conversion＂ principle with a high gain harmonic generation free electron laser and an external seed laser, we consider the possibility of modulating a relativistic electron beam on the attosecond scale, so that it can produce coherent spontaneous radiation from the deep ultraviolet to the hard X-ray spectral region with a very short radiator. Analytical estimation and three-dimensional numerical modeling show the great potential to reach ultra-high harmonics up to several thousand. For an electron bunch with the typical quality as in the free electron laser scheme and a seed laser with 800 nm wave- length, 0.8 nm attosecond trains with alterable duration and GW scale peak power are modeled. The output radiation exhibits good shot-to-shot stability, full coherence and perfect tuning ability between the discrete harmonics of the seed frequency.     

100-nm T-gate InAIAs/InGaAs InP-based HEMTs with fT= 249 GHz and fmax ： 415 GHz

InA1As/InGaAs high electron mobility transistors （HEMTs） on an InP substrate with well-balanced cutoff frequency fT and maximum oscillation frequency frnax are reported. An InA1As/InGaAs HEMT with 100-nm gate length and gate width of 2 × 50 μm shows excellent DC characteristics, including full channel current of 724 mA/mm, extrinsic maximum transconductance gm.max of 1051 mS/mm, and drain-gate breakdown voltage BVDG of 5.92 V. In addition, this device exhibits fT = 249 GHz and fmax = 415 GHz. These results were obtained by fabricating an asymmetrically recessed gate and minimizing the parasitic resistances. The specific Ohmic contact resistance was reduced to 0.031 0.mm. Moreover, the fT obtained in this work is the highest ever reported in 100-nm gate length InA1As/InGaAs InP-based HEMTs. The outstanding gm.max, fT, fmax, and good BVDG make the device suitable for applications in low noise amplifiers, power amplifiers, and high speed circuits.     

Equivalent comparison and analysis between different nominal frequencies

We analyze the phenomena of phase group synchronization between the different nominal frequency signals and propose a new theory of the equivalent comparison between them. The exact expression of the equivalent comparison is deduced. High resolution frequency measurement and phase comparison can be realized using this theory with the divider. For avoiding the frequency mixing, multiplication and synthesis, the system phase noise is improved and the higher resolution comparison and measurement are achieved between the different nominal frequencies by theory.